uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org
all
public
read
doi:10.6073/pasta/ce368557a84cdfc718064c822b7033fe
Moths, Ants and Pitcher Plants in Bogs at Harvard Forest and Belchertown MA 2007-2013
Aaron
Ellison
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-6081
Nicholas
Gotelli
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-7456
2023
English
Ecologists have long recognized that coexistence of interacting species depends on a diversity of separate, but linked habitats. Most models of species coexistence treat these habitat "patches" as unchanging elements of the landscape, but in reality, they are constantly changing in size and shape. The structure and dynamics of the food webs that inhabit them both control and depend on these changes. In this five-year (2006-2011) collaborative project, we are using a combination of extensive field surveys and intensive field experiments to understand how species interactions change the spatial distribution of dynamic habitat patches across the landscape, and to determine how food webs are structured within and among these patches. The experimental system for this five-year research project is the Sarracenia "microecosystem": the northern pitcher-plant Sarracenia purpurea; the unique food web of bacteria, protozoa, rotifers, mites, and fly larvae that live within its rainwater-filled leaves; three species of bog-inhabiting ants that are the primary prey for this carnivorous plant; and larvae of the pitcher-plant moth, Exyra fax, which cut and drain pitchers and remove food web habitat. Results from surveys of bogs in all six New England state and field experiments conducted at bogs at Harvard Forest and Belchertown, Massachusetts will be used to parameterize a simulation model to predict changes in spatial structure of ant, moth, and plant populations, and the structure and composition of the aquatic food web associated with the plant. This work is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation, through collaborative awards 0541680 and 0541936.
biogeography
carnivorous plants
food webs
insects
LTER controlled vocabulary
populations
LTER core area
Harvard Forest
HFR
LTER
USA
HFR default
This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.
Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal
https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html
CC0-1.0
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf159
Tom Swamp Tract (Harvard Forest), Swift River Bog (Belchertown MA). Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.
-74.3
-66.9
+47.5
+40.5
0
1900
meter
2007
2013
genus
Dolichoderus
species
pustulatus
genus
Exyra
species
fax
genus
Formica
species
subaenescens
genus
Lasius
species
minutus
genus
Myrmica
species
lobifrons
genus
Papaipema
species
appassionata
genus
Sarracenia
species
purpurea
genus
Tapinoma
species
sessile
complete
Information Manager
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
Field Surveys
Bogs for extensive field sampling are identified in collaboration with state officials, natural heritage programs, conservation agencies, etc. Necessary permits are obtained from appropriate permitting authorities. At each bog, we establish a 10m x 10m grid in the pitcher plant zone (plot dimensions are altered if the habitat zone for pitcher plants is too narrow. The plot is gridded at 1-m intervals. At each flagged point, we record relative moisture level of the bog mat as (high and dry, low and damp, or flooded). We also search for ant workers or ant nests within 20-cm of each flag. Representative samples of workers are hand-collected and fixed in ethanol for later identification. Voucher specimens are stored in Harvard’s Museum of Comparative Zoology. From each grid point, we locate the nearest pitcher plant and measure the distance to it with a tape measure and record the compass direction. We then count the number of old pitchers, measure the length of the 1st new pitcher, the rosette diameter, and the flowering status (flower, fruit, aborted bud) on each of these neighbor plants. We will also note any records of damage to pitcher plants from herbivorous moth larvae. We then collect five 50 ml water samples, one from each corner of the plot and one from the center of the grid. Water samples are collected by pressing a plastic centrifuge tube into the bog mat until it fills with pore water. Samples are pooled, filtered, and analyzed for anions and cations. Concurrent with water collections, we also collect 5 small handfuls of Sphagnum moss; identifications of Sphagnum species are done in the lab and confirmed by taxonomic specialists. Voucher specimens are stored in Harvard’s Farlow Herbarium.
Field Experiments
(1) Tom Swamp Experiment: In April 2007, we established four 6 x 6 m plots on the bog mat. In these plots, we manipulated pitcher-plant density and pitcher-plant spatial arrangement by transplanting 120 greenhouse-grown pitcher plants into each plot. Transplants are in 4" plastic pots and were placed in regular arrays within the peat mat. At the end of the experiment, all transplants and pots will be removed (destructive harvest). If any transplants flower, flowers are removed so that no seeds from non-Tom Swamp lines can establish in the field. On each transplant we measure: presence/absence of pitcher plant moths (July), food web structure in pitcher plants (end of experiment), occurrence and distribution of other pitcher plants (seedlings, nonflowering adult plants, adult plants) within 5 replicate 6 x 6 m plots (May, September), and
growth rates of pitcher plants (September).
(2) Belchertown experiment: In this experiment, we simulate herbivory by Exyra fax larvae cutting a hole in a Sarracenia leaf that mimics the effects of larval feeding. To increase the realism of the experiment, we rub the inside of the wound with scrapings from real Exyra attacks, to facilitate the transfer of fungi and bacteria that are often associated with natural bore holes. Four experimental treatments were applied to 80 randomly selected adult plants (at least 10 cm longest leaf) at Swift River Bog in Belchertown, Massachusetts: 1) control (no plant manipulations), 2) single Exyra attack (only the first leaf of the season has a hole-punch), 3) multiple Exyra attacks (all leaves are perforated with a hole-punch), 4) single leaf removal (the first leaf of the season is entirely removed before it opens). Treatments were applied in 2007 and 2009. Plant growth, prey capture, and ant-nest distributions were measured in July (ants) and September (growth, prey capture) annually from 2007-2010.
Data Files
In data file hf159-05-MAPP-exp1-growth.csv, an entry of -1 in any field indicates that the plant was dead at that census.
Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
https://ror.org/059cpzx98
pointOfContact
The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts.
National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210.
hf159-01-bog-chars.csv
bog characteristics
hf159-01-bog-chars.csv
8928
2160bda4f921d6e838742c75c36b1c0f
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p15/hf159/hf159-01-bog-chars.csv
state
one of six New England states
CT
Connecticut
MA
Massachusetts
NH
New Hampshire
RI
Rhode Island
VT
Vermont
ME
Maine
bog
letter code uniquely identifying each sampled bog
letter code uniquely identifying each sampled bog
name
local name of the sampled bog
local name of the sampled bog
date
date bog was sampled
YYYY-MM-DD
plotortn
orientation of the y-axis of the plot (from point 1000,1000 to point 1000,10000), in degrees east of magnetic north
degree
1
whole
NA
missing value
lat
latitude of SW corner (point 1000, 1000) of sampled plot in decimal degrees, to nearest 100th
degree
0.01
real
NA
missing value
long
longitude of SW corner (point 1000, 1000) of sampled plot in decimal degrees, to nearest 100th
degree
0.01
real
NA
missing value
elevation
elevation in meters above sea level
meter
1
whole
NA
missing value
nplants
number of Sarracenia purpurea plants measured in the plot (maximum = 100; NA = no plants measured, only at Bowdich Reservoir Bogs, RI)
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
papaipema
number of plants attacked by Papaipema appassionata
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
exyra
number of plants with leaves exhibiting damage by Exyra fax
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
endothenia
number of plants attacked by Endothenia deakana
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
bud
number of plants that attempted to flower
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
flower
number of plants that successfully flowered. Less than or equal to bud
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
fruit
number of plants that successfully fruited. Less than or equal to flower
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
na
concentration of Sodium measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
nh4
concentration of Ammonium measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
k
concentration of Potassium measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
mg
concentration of Magnesium measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ca
concentration of Calcium measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cl
concentration of Chloride measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
no3
concentration of Nitrate measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
po4
concentration of Phosphate measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
so4
concentration of Sulfate measured in water samples taken from the plot. Values are from subsample of five pooled 50-ml samples taken at corners and center of plot.
milligramsPerLiter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
78
hf159-02-bog-sarrs.csv
bog sarracenia
hf159-02-bog-sarrs.csv
623829
934b979c45c4a5bd58f5c1c9cb1c6b41
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p15/hf159/hf159-02-bog-sarrs.csv
state
one of the six New England states. See HF159-01-bog-chars.csv
one of the six New England states
bog
code for sampled site. See HF159-01-bog-chars.csv for more detailed description of each bog
code for sampled site
grid.x
location, in millimeters, of sample. Point (1000, 1000) is the SW corner of the plot, point (10000,10000) is the NE corner of the plot, and point (5000, 5000) is the center of the plot. At three bogs – Beeslick and Pauchaug in Connecticut, Bowdich Reservoir in RI – samples were collected haphazardly throughout the non-gridded sampling area.
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
grid.y
location, in millimeters, of sample. Point (1000, 1000) is the SW corner of the plot, point (10000,10000) is the NE corner of the plot, and point (5000, 5000) is the center of the plot. At three bogs – Beeslick and Pauchaug in Connecticut, Bowdich Reservoir in RI – samples were collected haphazardly throughout the non-gridded sampling area.
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
moisture
qualitative description of hummock/hollow topography at location (gridX, gridY)
H
high and dry, on a Sphagnum hummock
L
low and damp, in a Sphagnum hollow
F
flooded; standing water visible in a Sphagnum hollow
plant.x
actual location, in millimeters relative to SW corner of the plot of each Sarracenia purpurea closest to location (grid.x, grid.y)
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
plant.y
actual location, in millimeters relative to SW corner of the plot of each Sarracenia purpurea closest to location (grid.x, grid.y)
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
d.to.xy
distance, in millimeters from (plant.x, plant.y) to (grid.x, grid.y). This is measured if unique.plant = 1 and interpolated if unique.plant = 0. If plant.x = grid.x and plant.y = grid.y, then d.to.xy = 0
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
unique.plant
flag indicating whether the plant was actually measured (1), of if it was measured as the closest plant to another (gridX, gridY) (0). If unique.plant = 0, this means that the plant is “shared” with a point (gridX, gridY). For descriptions of individual populations, subset on unique.plant = 1.
1
plant was actually measured
0
plant was measured as the closest plant to another (gridX, gridY)
npitchers
number of pitchers produced in current year up to date of measurement
number
0.1
real
NA
missing value
nphyllodes
number of phyllodia (flat pitchers) produced in current year up to date of measurement
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
longestleaf
length, in millimeters, of the longest pitcher or phyllode
millimeter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
rosediam
Largest diameter, in mm, of the rosette. If npitchers + nphyllodes = 1, then rosediam = 0.
millimeter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
bud
attempted to flower or at least produced bud (1) or did not (0)
1
attempted to flower or at least produced bud
0
did not attempt to flower or produce bud
flower
plant at least flowered (1) or did not (e.g., bud aborted or eaten) (0). QA/QC check: if bud = 0, then flower must = 0.
1
plant at least flowered
0
plant did not flower
fruit
plant had fruited by sampling date (1) or did not (e.g., bud aborted, flower eaten) (0). QA/QC check: if flower = 0, then fruit must = 0.
1
plant had fruited by sampling date
0
plant had not fruited by sampling date
papiapema
rhizome bored by Papaipema appassionata and frass pyramid visible (1), or not (0)
1
rhizome bored by Papaipema appassionata and frass pyramid visible
0
rhizome not bored by Papaipema appassionata and frass pyramid not visible
exyra
at least one pitchers mined by Exyra fax (1), or not (0). QA/QC check: if npitchers = 0, then exyra must = 0.
1
at least one pitchers mined by Exyra fax
0
no pitchers mined by Exyra fax
exdam
number of pitchers mined by Exyra fax (range 0 to npitchers). QA/QC check: if exyra = 0, then exdam must = 0; if exyra = 1, then 1 ≤ exdam ≤ npitchers.
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
endothenia
flower/fruit attacked by Endothenia deakana (1) or not (0). QA/QC check: If flower = 0, then endothenia must = 0.
1
flower/fruit attacked by Endothenia deakana
0
flower/fruit not attacked by Endothenia deakana
antinplant
an ant nest present in a drained, old pitcher (1) or not (0)
1
ant nest present in a drained, old pitcher
0
no ant nest present in a drained, old pitcher
antatpoint
an ant nest is present within a 10-cm circle around (gridX, gridY)
1
ant nest is present within a 10-cm circle around (gridX, gridY)
0
no ant nest is present within a 10-cm circle around (gridX, gridY)
ant.substrate
type of vegetation the the ant nest is in. Usually “sphagnum”, “sarracenia”, but occasionally others. QA/QC check: if antinplant AND antatpoint = 0, then antsubstrate = NA
type of vegetation the the ant nest is in
antsp1
species of ant collected (if applicable). Alphanumeric string length 6 or 7; see HF147 for translation of species code to full genus, species.
species of ant collected
antsp2
second species of ant collected (if applicable). Alphanumeric string length 6 or 7; see HF147 for translation of species code to full genus, species.
second species of ant collected
antsp3
species of ant collected (if applicable). Alphanumeric string length 6 or 7; see HF147 for translation of species code to full genus, species.
species of ant collected (if applicable). Alphanumeric string length 6 or 7; see HF147 for translation of species code to full genus, species.
sortcode
record number. 1 – max. As of spring 2010, max(sortcode) = 5778.
record number
7477
hf159-03-bog-sphag.csv
bog sphagnum
hf159-03-bog-sphag.csv
24693
4f9c2ae5fe13899200482949924976d6
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p15/hf159/hf159-03-bog-sphag.csv
state
one of six New England states. See HF159-01-bog-chars.csv
one of six New England states
bog
code for sampled site. See HF159-01-bog-chars.csv for more detailed description of each bog
code for sampled site
grid.x
location, in millimeters, of sample. Point (1000,1000) is the SW corner of the plot, point (10000,10000) is the NE corner of the plot, and point (5000, 5000) is the center of the plot. At three bogs – Beeslick and Pauchaug in Connecticut, Bowdich Reservoir in RI – samples were collected haphazardly throughout the non-gridded sampling area.
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
grid.y
location, in millimeters, of sample. Point (1000,1000) is the SW corner of the plot, point (10000,10000) is the NE corner of the plot, and point (5000, 5000) is the center of the plot. At three bogs – Beeslick and Pauchaug in Connecticut, Bowdich Reservoir in RI – samples were collected haphazardly throughout the non-gridded sampling area.
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
affine
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
angustifolium
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
angermanicum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
bartlettianum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
capillifolium
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
centrale
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
compactum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
cuspidatum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
fallax
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
fimbriatum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
flavicomans
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
flexuosum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
fuscum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
magellanicum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
nemoreum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
pallustre
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
papillosum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
recurvum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
rubellum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
russowii
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
subtile
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
tenellum
species presence in the particular sample at each site
1
present
0
absent
NA
no Sphagnum at that point in the plot
390
hf159-04-MAPPexp1-plotmap.csv
MAPP experiment 1 plotmap
hf159-04-MAPPexp1-plotmap.csv
9520
353887dbfa6ab49d71ad9736bc4f8ee0
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p15/hf159/hf159-04-MAPPexp1-plotmap.csv
plot.num
experimental plot number. Range 1 – 4.
experimental plot number. Range 1 – 4.
row
row mid-point (y-coordinate), in meters. Range 0.5 – 5.5
meter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
column
column mid-point (x-coordinate), in meters. Range 0.5 – 5.5
meter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
num.plants
number of plants at location (column, row). Range 1 – 6
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
treat.group
size group of plants placed at location (column, row). See file HF159-05-MAPPexp1-growth.csv for initial sizes of each individual plant.
A
mean rosette diameter of plants is 27 mm
B
mean rosette diameter of plants is 55 mm
C
mean rosette diameter of plants is 77 mm
D
mean rosette diameter of plants is 99 mm
E
mean rosette diameter of plants is 121 mm
F
mean rosette diameter of plants is 139 mm
plant.num
identifier for each plant. Range 1 – 504. See HF159-05-MAPPexp1-growth.csv for growth and survivorship data of each individual plant.
identifier for each plant
504
hf159-05-MAPPexp1-growth.csv
MAPP experiment 1 growth
hf159-05-MAPPexp1-growth.csv
88486
2cc0b371430164074f26861718e1afa0
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p15/hf159/hf159-05-MAPPexp1-growth.csv
plot.num
experimental plot number. Range 1 – 4.
experimental plot number. Range 1 – 4.
plant.num
identifier for each plant. Range 1 – 504; corresponds with HF159-04-MAPPexp1-plotmap.csv
identifier for each plant. Range 1 – 504
censored
for survivorship analysis
0
plant has died at some point during the experiment
1
plant is still alive at the end of the experiment
pitchers.init
number of pitchers at the start of the experiment, April 2007.
NOTE: an entry of -1 in any of the following fields indicates that the plant was dead at that census.
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
length.init
length of longest pitcher at the start of the experiment, April 2007
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
rose.init
rosette diameter at the start of the experiment, April 2007. If pitchers.init = 1 then rose.init = NA
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
pitchers.2007
number of pitchers in September 2007; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2007
Number of phyllodia (flat pitchers) in September 2007; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
bud.2008
flower bud presence in May 2008
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
flower.2008
flower presence in June 2008
1
flower present
0
flower absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
fruit.2008
fruit presence in September 2008
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
exyra.2008
Exyra fax presence in July 2008
1
Exyra fax present
0
Exyra fax absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
papaipema.2008
Papaipema appassionata presence in July 2008
1
Papaipema appassionata present
0
Papaipema appassionata absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
ant.2008
if ant found nesting within 20-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. Otherwise NA. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species. An entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
if ant found nesting within 20-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here
pitchers.2008
number of pitchers in September 2008; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2008
number of phyllodes in September 2008; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
length.2008
length of longest pitcher in September 2008; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
rose.2008
rosette diameter in September 2008; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
bud.2009
flower bud presence in May 2009
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
flower.2009
flower presence in June 2009
1
flower present
0
flower absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
fruit.2009
fruit presence in September 2009
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
exyra.2009
Exyra fax presence in July 2009
1
Exyra fax present
0
Exyra fax absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
papaipema.2009
Papaipema appassionata presence in July 2009
1
Papaipema appassionata present
0
Papaipema appassionata absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
ant.2009
if ant found nesting within 20-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species. An entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
if ant found nesting within 20-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here
pitchers.2009
number of pitchers in September 2009; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2009
number of phyllodes in September 2009; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
length.2009
length of longest pitcher in September 2009; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
rose.2009
rosette diameter in September 2009; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
bud.2010
flower bud presence in May 2010
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
flower.2010
flower presence in June 2010
1
flower present
0
flower absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
fruit.2010
fruit presence in September 2010
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
exyra.2010
Exyra fax presence in July 2010
1
Exyra fax present
0
Exyra fax absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
papaipema.2010
Papaipema appassionata presence in July 2010
1
Papaipema appassionata present
0
Papaipema appassionata absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
ant.2010
if ant found nesting within 20-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species. An entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code
pitchers.2010
number of pitchers in September 2010; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2010
number of phyllodes in September 2010; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
length.2010
length of longest pitcher in September 2010; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
rose.2010
rosette diameter in September 2010; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
bud.2011
flower bud presence on 27 May 2011
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
flower.2011
flower presence on 27 June 2011
1
flower present
0
flower absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
fruit.2011
fruit presence on 28 June 2011
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
exyra.2011
Exyra fax presence on 28 June 2011
1
Exyra fax present
0
Exyra fax absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
papaipema.2011
Papaipema appassionata presence on 28 June 2011
1
Papaipema appassionata present
0
Papaipema appassionata absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
ant.2011
if ant found nesting on 28 June 2011 within 20-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species. An entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code
pitchers.2011
number of pitchers on 4 September 2011; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2011
number of phyllodes on 4 September 2011; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
length.2011
length of longest pitcher on 4 September 2011; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
rose.2011
rosette diameter on 4 September 2011; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
bud.2012
flower bud presence on 28 May 2012
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
flower.2012
flower presence on 28 May 2012
1
flower present
0
flower absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
fruit.2012
fruit presence on 25 July 2012
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
exyra.2012
Exyra fax presence on 25 July 2012
1
Exyra fax present
0
Exyra fax absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
papaipema.2012
Papaipema appassionata presence on 25 July 2012
1
Papaipema appassionata present
0
Papaipema appassionata absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
ant.2012
if ant found nesting on 25 July 2012 within 20-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species. An entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code
pitchers.2012
number of pitchers on 4 September 2012; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2012
number of phyllodes on 4 September 2012; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
length.2012
length of longest pitcher on 4 September 2012; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
rose.2012
rosette diameter on 4 September 2012; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
pitchers.2013
number of pitchers on 28 August 2013; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2013
number of phyllodes on August 28 2013; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
number
1
real
NA
missing value
exyra.2013
Exyra fax presence on 28 August 2013
1
Exyra fax present
0
Exyra fax absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
papaipema.2013
Papaipema appassionata presence on 28 August 2013
1
Papaipema appassionata present
0
Papaipema appassionata absent
-1
plant was dead at that census
length.2013
length of longest pitcher on 28 August 2013; an entry of -1 indicates that the plant was dead at that census
millimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
shootmass.2013
oven-dried mass of aboveground tissue on 28 August 2013
gram
0.01
real
NA
missing value
rootmass.2013
oven-dried mass of belowground tissue on 28 August 2013
gram
0.01
real
NA
missing value
504
hf159-06-MAPPexp3.csv
MAPP experiment 3
hf159-06-MAPPexp3.csv
7553
da3c7948e853d6e8ae8c1e03b00c3dd7
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p15/hf159/hf159-06-MAPPexp3.csv
plant
plant number. Range 501 – 580. Plants 570 and 575 do not exist.
plant number
treatment
moth simulation treatment applied
1st CUT
first leaf with hole punch in 2007 and 2009 to simulate Exyra damage
ALL CUT
all leaves with holes punched in 2007 and 2009 to simulate Exyra and Papaipema damage
REMOVE
first leaf removed in 2007 and 2009
control
no treatment
censored
for survivorship analysis
0
plant has died at some point during the experiment
1
plant is still alive at the end of the experiment
bud.2008
flower bud presence in May 2008. NOTE: an entry of -99999 in any of the following fields indicates that the plant was dead at that census.
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
flower.2008
flower presence in June 2008
1
flower present
0
flower absent
fruit.2008
fruit presence in September 2008
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
ant.2008
if ant found nesting in July 2008 within 100-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. Otherwise NA. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species.
ant species code
d.ant.2008
distance to ant nest from plant in July 2008
centimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
length.2008
length of longest pitcher in September 2008
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
rose.2008
rosette diameter in September 2008. If pitchers.2008 + phyllodes.2008 = 1, then rose.2008 = NA
millimeter
1
natural
NA
missing value
pitchers.2008
number of pitchers present in September 2008
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2008
number of phyllodes (flattened pitchers) present in September 2008
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
bud.2009
flower bud presence in May 2009
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
flower.2009
flower presence in June 2009
1
flower present
0
flower absent
fruit.2009
fruit presence in September 2009
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
ant.2009
if ant found nesting in July 2009 within 100-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. Otherwise NA. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species.
ant species code
d.ant.2009
distance to ant nest from plant in July 2009
centimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
length.2009
length of longest pitcher in September 2009
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
rose.2009
rosette diameter in September 2009. If pitchers.2009 + phyllodes.2009 = 1, then rose.2009 = NA
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
pitchers.2009
number of pitchers present in September 2009
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2009
number of phyllodes (flattened pitchers) present in September 2009
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
bud.2010
flower bud presence in May 2010
1
flower bud present
0
flower bud absent
flower.2010
flower presence in June 2010
1
flower present
0
flower absent
fruit.2010
fruit presence in September 2010
1
fruit present
0
fruit absent
ant.2010
if ant found nesting in July 2010 within 100-cm of plant, the six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code is entered here. Otherwise NA. See HF147 for translation of species code to actual genus and species.
six- or seven-character alphanumeric species code
d.ant.2010
distance to ant nest from plant in July 1010
centimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
length.2010
length of longest pitcher in September 2010
millimeter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
rose.2010
rosette diameter in September 2010. If pitchers.2010 + phyllodes.2010 = 1, then rose.2010 = NA
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
pitchers.2010
number of pitchers present in September 2010
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
phyllodes.2010
number of phyllodes (flattened pitchers) present in September 2010 (number ). In 2010, always = 0
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
pitchermass.2010
total dry mass of all pitchers harvested in September 2010
gram
0.01
real
NA
missing value
78
community
short-term measurement
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/ellison/current-research/spatial-dimension
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p15/hf159/HUH-10384.pdf
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf147
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf112
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf109
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf096
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf146
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf111
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf114