uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org
all
public
read
doi:10.6073/pasta/cafdadfe44e46312fe8e36666f1bf5ce
Ants Under Climate Change at Harvard Forest and Duke Forest 2009-2015
Aaron
Ellison
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-6081
Robert
Dunn
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6030-4837
Mark
Boudreau
Researcher
Nicholas
Gotelli
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-7456
Researcher
Neil
McCoy
Researcher
Shannon
Pelini
Researcher
Renee
Marchin
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4154-8924
Researcher
Nathan
Sanders
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-6731
Researcher
2023
English
Experimental field studies are needed to understand the consequences of global
climatic change for local community structure and associated ecosystem processes. We
are using 5-m diameter open-top environmental chambers and 1m pvc minichambers to
simultaneously manipulate air and soil temperatures at the Harvard Forest and at the
Duke Forest in North Carolina. These field manipulations are designed to reveal the
effects of temperature increases on the populations, communities, and associated
ecosystem services of assemblages of ground-foraging ants. Ants are a model taxon for
studying effects of global climatic change because they comprise the dominant
fraction of animal biomass in many terrestrial communities and because they provide
essential ecosystem services, including soil turnover, decomposition, and seed
dispersal. The experiment is designed to test three predictions: 1. Projected
atmospheric warming will lead to declines in ant species’ abundances at the warmer,
southern extent of their ranges in the US. Conversely, projected atmospheric warming
will lead to increases in abundance or range extensions of ant species at the cooler,
northern extent of their ranges in the US. 2. Warming will change the relative
abundance and composition of ant communities, and will lead to the loss of ant
biodiversity. 3. Warming will potentially diminish ecosystem processes and services
provided by ants, particularly with respect to the dispersal of seeds. To explore
these, we are conducting two experiments. In one experiment, twelve open-top chambers
at each site which will each be exposed air temperatures ranging from 1.5 to 7 deg C
above ambient; soil temperatures will be increased simultaneously from 0 to ~ 2 deg
C. After an initial year of pre-intervention measurements, the experiment will run
for 3 consecutive years of continuous warming. In the second experiment, shade cloth
and plastic greenhouse sheeting will be used to increase or decrease temperature by
0.5 deg C in sixty minichambers. The minichamber experiment was conducted in 2009 and
will continue into 2010. The response variables measured in both experiments include
ant activity, population densities and colony sizes of focal species, ant community
diversity and species composition, and rates of seed dispersal and predation as
mediated by ants.
abundance
air temperature
ants
climate change
community structure
phenology
soil temperature
LTER controlled vocabulary
populations
disturbance
LTER core area
Harvard Forest
HFR
LTER
USA
HFR default
This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.
Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal
https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html
CC0-1.0
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf113
Prospect Hill Tract (Harvard Forest), Duke Forest (NC). Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.
-79.98
-72.19
+42.53
+35.87
130
340
meter
2009
2015
family
Dolichoderinae
family
Formicidae
family
Formicinae
family
Myrmicinae
family
Ponerinae
complete
Information Manager
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
Open-top Chambers
Microclimatic measurements in each chamber at Harvard and Duke Forests
include: three measurements of air temperatures, two measurements each of soil
temperatures in organic and mineral soil, one measure of photosynthetically
active radiation (PAR), one measurement of relative humidity, one measurement
of soil moisture. In two chambers, we are also measuring soil heat flux,
associated soil temperatures at 2 and 6 cm, and volumetric water content. All
measurements are hourly averages, and we report out mean, minimum, and maximum
values, along with battery voltages.
Minichambers
We used two thermistors to record air and soil (at 2 cm depth) temperatures
in each Harvard Forest minichamber. At Duke Forest, we monitored temperature in
seven randomly-chosen minichambers of each treatment (21 total) using
iButton(R) electronic temperature sensors (Dallas Semiconductors, Dallas, TX).
All temperature sensors were placed approx. 20 cm northeast of the center of
each minichamber. We report the hourly average, mean and maximum air and soil
temperature for Harvard Forest minichambers and the bihourly average air
temperature for Duke Forest minichambers.
Thermal Tolerance Assays
Ants were collected on or near Harvard Forest property during the months of
June and July 2010. Upon discovery of ant colonies, we collected approximately
20 workers per species using an aspirator and immediately transported them back
to the lab for identification and analysis. We performed heat tolerance assays
on a minimum of eight individuals of each species within 4 hours of field
collection, in order to prevent individuals from acclimating to laboratory
temperatures. We prepared individuals for testing by placing individual ants
into 1.5 ml microcentrifuge tubes which contained a cotton plug packed into the
lid. The plug limited ants from accessing the vial lid, which may have served
as a thermal refuge and thus not exposed the individual to the intended
experimental temperatures. Once in the tubes, we randomly assigned each ant to
a slot in an 8x6 Thermal-Lok Dry Heat Bath (USA Scientific), which was
pre-warmed to 38 deg C. We increased the temperature by 2 deg C every 10
minutes until 100% mortality was reached. At the end of each ten minute
interval, we checked the ants for survival and noted the temperature at which
death or permanent muscle coordination loss occurred. Heat tolerance was deemed
the highest temperature at which an individual ant survived for the entire ten
minute increased temperature interval. We used a ninth tube as the control;
which remained in the test tube storage cardboard container and was not
experimentally heated. We then mounted each individual ant using standard
curatorial procedure and vouchered the samples at the Harvard Museum of
Comparative Zoology , Cambridge Massachusetts. For every mounted ant, we
measured Weber’s length (Brown 1953) length as a commonly used measure of body
size, which is calculated as the distance from the anterodorsal margin of the
pronotum to the posteroventral margin of the propodeum. To obtain this
morphometric value, we used a dissecting microscope with 25x power eyepiece
containing a built-in micrometer at 12x magnification. We also calculated water
balance in later replicated trials. Using a Sartorius microbalance (model m2p)
with readability to .001 mg, we weighed ants prior to the heating treatments
(we called this weight live mass or LM). Again at least eight individuals of
each species were tested using the same Thermal tolerance evaluation procedure
described above. After the thermal tolerance protocol was replicated the
sacrificed individuals we weighed to measure moribund mass (MM). We dried the
ants for an additional 12 hours at 65 deg C and subsequently weighed a final
time to determine dry mass (DM). We used the following calculations to
determine total and critical water content (TWC and CWC) as percentages of live
mass (LM) (Schilman et al. 2007): %TWC = ((LM−DM)x100)/LM, %CWC =
((MM−DM)x100)/LM.
Plant Quadrats
Each chamber has one, 1m x 1m quadrat used to monitor plant composition.
Each quadrat has 4 subquadrats. In each subquadrat, all woody plants are tagged
with bird bands, and plant height, diameter, number of leaves, and the number
of leaves with pathogen, herbivore and mechanical damage are recorded. We also
record percent cover of all plants occupying the quadrats.
Plant Phenology (HF)
We track plant phenology in all chambers. 10 woody plants (or fewer of 10
are not present) are selected in each chamber, with preference given for red
maple, striped maple, beech and red oak. These plants are marked and numbered
and are monitored every other week during fall until they have dropped their
leaves. The selected plants do not all occur within the 1m x 1m plant quadrats
described above.
Plant Phenology (DF)
Vegetative Phenological Observations: We visited the experimental site every 4 to 7 days during the period of bud break (early March to mid-April in 2011 and 2013) and weekly during the period of leaf senescence (mid-October to early December in 2011) to observe the vegetative phenological stage of four tree species (A. rubrum, C. tomentosa, Q. alba, Q. rubra) and two shrub species (Vaccinium pallidum, Vaccinium stamineum). There was no phenological census in 2012. Each species was present in 8–12 chambers, plus the chamberless control plots. Most sampled plants (95%) were seedlings less than 50 cm tall, although plants up to 1 m tall (still well within the dimensions of the chambers) were sampled if species abundance was low. For each plant, vegetative phenology of terminal buds was divided into five stages: L0, unopened buds (no activity); L1, open buds (buds have broken); L2, emerging, unfolding leaves; L3, fully expanded leaves; L4, senescing leaves (defined as at least 50% of a plant’s leaves having changed color). To better capture the continuous budburst response, plants received a score of L0/L1 (swollen buds) or L1/L2 (leaves have just emerged) when relevant and L1 was extrapolated for these individuals. Budburst date (L1) was analyzed for the four tree species, whereas date of leaf emergence (L2) was used for the two Vaccinium species due to difficulty in determining L1 on the tiny buds. Leaf emergence of shrubs will hereafter will be lumped with trees and referred to as budburst.
Reproductive Phenological Observations: We visited the experimental site every 4 to 7 days from mid-March through October in 2011 and 2013 to observe the reproductive phenology of four herbaceous species (Hexastylis arifolia, Hieracium venosum, Thalictrum thalictroides, Tipularia discolor) and three shrub species (Chimaphila maculata, V. pallidum, V. stamineum). Flowering individuals were present in 4–7 chambers, plus the chamberless control plots (except for H. arifolia, which was not found in chamberless control plots). For each plant, reproductive phenology was divided into seven stages: F0, unopened buds; F1, open buds; F2, flowers; F3, old flowers; F4, initiated fruit; F5, expanding fruit; F6, dehisced/senesced fruit. Plants received multiple scores when relevant; for example, a plant with flowers, old flowers, and initiated fruit was scored as F2/3/4. First flowering (F2) and last flowering (defined as the last date that flowers were present on the plant; scored as F3/F4, no F2) dates were compared for all seven understory species. Flowering season length was calculated by subtracting the mean date of first flowering from the mean date of last flowering for each species in each chamber. The onset of flowering is correlated with mean temperature during the month of flowering for many temperate plants, so we used the mean air/soil temperature inside each chamber during the month(s) of flowering to compare species responses to warming.
Global Models of Responses of Ants to Climate Change
We applied generalized linear modeling to a global database of local ant
assemblages to predict the species density of ants globally. Predictors
evaluated include simple climate variables, combined temperature x
precipitation variables, biogeographic region, elevation, and the interactions
between select variables. Areas of the planet identified as beyond the reliable
prediction ability of the model were those having climatic conditions more
extreme than what was represented in the ant database.
Ant Interactions
At Harvard Forest we placed baits (Fancy Feast cat food) in the forest on
Prospect Hill, 100 meters south of the Warm Ants chambers. We placed 12 baits
10 m apart on a 30m x 40 m grid. Every 15 minutes we recorded ants present and
noted when we saw interactions among different species, i.e. ants made physical
contact. We noted whether the interactions were neutral (both ants obtained
bait) or aggressive (one ant obtained bait while the other fled without
bait).
Ants, Aphids, and Plants
At Harvard Forest we transplanted 90 Trembling Aspen (Populus tremuloides)
saplings measuring 47-103 cm in height from The Prospect Hill Tract (near
maintenance garage) of Harvard Forest to 14x16 inch nursery pots filled with
potting soil (Complete Planting Mix, Conrad Fafard, Inc., Agawam, MA). They
were kept in the shade and watered regularly for 18 days before the 36 with the
healthiest appearance were placed in 9 existing Warm Ants chambers, including
five walled chambers heated by forced air to 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 deg C
above ambient temperature, and four unheated control chambers, two walled and
two unwalled. Each chamber contained four trees under different treatment
conditions designated A-D. We coated the outsides of pots A and D with Tree
Tanglefoot insect barrier (The Tanglefoot Company, Grand Rapids, MI) to prevent
ants and other crawling arthropods from accessing the trees. We collected
aphids (Chaitophorus populicola) from the same location as the aspen saplings
by removing the aphid-covered stems from saplings still in the field. We
separated the apterous (wingless) adults from the colonies and refrigerated
them for seven days. We then transferred 30 aphids to the trees in pots A and C
in each chamber by placing them on a leaf and pinning it to a leaf of the host
tree. Throughout the study period we watered the trees as necessary.
We examined three main variables: aphid colony growth, plant stress, and ant
tending activity. To measure aphid colony growth, we counted the number of
apterous and alate (winged) adults on each plant, after which the alates were
removed from the plant to avoid aphid colonization of the control trees in the
same chamber. Since aphid density was fairly homogeneous across colonies and
trees, we estimated the total colony size by measuring the approximate stem
length in centimeters of each plant that was covered by aphids. To encourage
ants to quickly discover the aphids, we placed a centrifuge tube containing a
cotton ball soaked in 30% sucrose solution at the bottom of each tree for three
days after aphids were added, after which we observed ants tending aphids on
the C treatment trees in every chamber. We sampled ants from each tree for
later species identification. We measured ant presence on the trees by
recording the number of ants on the tree and the number of ants leaving or
entering the tree during a 30 second interval. The first two sets of these
measurements were conducted at 7:00 A.M and at 4:00 P.M on the same day to
determine whether a) the species tending the ants changed on any tree or b) the
relative presence of ants of different species varied according to time of day.
Neither of these phenomena was observed, so we took subsequent measurements in
the late morning to early afternoon. To provide additional insight into the
level of protection provided to aphids by ants beyond colony size, we noted the
presence of all potential aphid predators on each tree at the time of the
measurement.
We assessed plant performance using several methods. We measured the height
of each plant from base to tip along the stem at the beginning and end of the
experiment to determine vertical growth. Plant stress levels were measured by
visually categorizing each plant as having 1) little to no leaf damage, 2) some
leaf damage, 3) significant leaf damage, or 4) severe leaf damage, based on the
amount of dead and yellowed leaf area present. Additionally, we used an
Opti-Sciences OS-30P Chlorophyll Fluorometer (Opti-Sciences, Inc., Hudson, NH)
to assess photosynthetic ability by taking two dark adapted Fv/Fm values per
leaf on three leaves per plant. Each tree had one reading taken from a leaf on
its lowest branches, one from a leaf midway up the tree, and one from the new
growth at the top of the tree. During the course of the experiment, we observed
an unrelated species of green aphid (Myzus persicae) colonizing leaves on
several plants, so we subsequently categorized the presence of these aphids as:
none, very light, light, moderate, heavy, or very heavy on a 0-5 scale on each
plant.
Greenhouse Experiment
To understand how increasing temperatures may affect ants, we performed a
greenhouse experiment with Aphaenogaster rudis, a common species at Harvard
Forest. We placed field-collected A. rudis nests in the Shaler greenhouse under
infrared lamps with temperatures at ambient, +2 deg C, +4 deg C or +8 deg C
above ambient. Field-collected ants were moved to artificial nests made of
plaster of paris that were attached to feeding chambers (Tupperware connected to
the nest via plastic tubing. We measured survival and conducted feeding trials
in multiple colonies in each temperature treatment for three weeks. We gave A.
rudis colonies 20 seeds daily and recorded time to discovery and total seeds
removed during an 8 hour trial. We repeated this with Pecan Sandies cookies
that we measured before and after the trials. Nests were watered daily to
maintain humidity. We found that increases in temperature do affect survival
and foraging activity in A. rudis. Our results show that food was found faster
in warmer temperatures; however, there was also higher mortality in warmest
conditions. Therefore, the ecosystem services provided by ants may be
positively affected under climate change if temperatures do not exceed
increases of 4 deg C, but this could be reversed at higher temperatures.
Aphaenogaster Transcriptome
hf113-44-ap-trans.tar contains 3 files: Trinity_cap3_uclust.fasta - Trinity
de novo transcriptome assembly after filtering and clustering with cap3 and
uclust, Trinity_cap3_uclust_clean.fa - Cleaned set of transcripts from DeconSeq
and Trinity_cap3_uclust_cont.fa - Contaminant sequences identified by DeconSeq.
hf113-45-ap-gene-exp-quant.tgz contains 24 directories, one for each species
(*Ar*, *A22*) at each of 12 temperatures (every 3.5 degrees from 0 to 38.5C),
that contain the output from Sailfish for gene expression quantification. For
example, Ar-3 contains the expression quantification files for species *Ar* at
3.5C. Within each directory, the `quant_bias_corrected.sf` file contains the
bias-corrected quantification data used in the analysis. The columns of this
file are "Transcript ID", which corresponds to the transcript ID in the
`Trinity_cap3_uclust_clean.fa` file, "Transcript Length" in base pairs,
"Transcripts per Million", an estimate of the number of transcripts, per
million observed transcripts, originating from each isoform, and "Reads per
Kilobase per Million mapped Reads (RPKM), classic measure of relative
transcript abundance, and is an estimate of the number of reads per kilobase of
transcript (per million mapped reads) originating from each transcript.
Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
https://ror.org/059cpzx98
pointOfContact
The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts.
National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210.
hf113-01-hf-chamber.csv
HF chamber data
hf113-01-hf-chamber.csv
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column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-01-hf-chamber.csv
datetime
time stamp
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
doy
Julian Day
nominalDay
1
whole
chamber
chamber number (1-12)
chamber number (1-12)
cat1.avg
chamber air temperature 1 -average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat2.avg
chamber air temperature 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
catd.avg
air temperature in heating duct - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto1.avg
chamber soil temperature - organic 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto2.avg
chamber soil temperature - organic 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti1.avg
chamber soil temperature - inorganic 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti2.avg
chamber soil temperature - inorganic 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cq.avg
chamber quantum sensor flux density - average
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
crh.avg
chamber relative humidity - average
dimensionless
1
whole
NA
missing value
csm.avg
chamber soil moisture - average
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat1.min
chamber air temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat2.min
chamber air temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
catd.min
air temperature in heating duct - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto1.min
chamber organic soil temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti1.min
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto2.min
chamber organic soil temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti2.min
chamber inorganic soil temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cq.min
chamber quantum sensor flux density - minimum
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
crh.min
chamber relative humidity - minimum
dimensionless
1
whole
NA
missing value
csm.min
chamber soil moisture - minimum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat1.max
chamber air temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat2.max
chamber air temperature 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
catd.max
air temperature in heating duct - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto1.max
chamber organic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cst11.max
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto2.max
chamber organic soil temperature 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti2.max
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cq.max
chamber quantum sensor flux density - maximum
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
crh.max
chamber relative humidity - maximum
dimensionless
1
whole
NA
missing value
csm.max
chamber soil moisture - maximum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
63348
hf113-02-hf-chamber-since-2009.csv
HF chamber data since 2009
hf113-02-hf-chamber-since-2009.csv
155164037
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\r\n
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,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-02-hf-chamber-since-2009.csv
datetime
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YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
decdate
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nominalDay
0.0001
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1
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1
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dom
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hour
nominalHour
1
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date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
chamber
chamber number (1-12)
chamber number (1-12)
cat1.avg
chamber air temperature 1 -average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat2.avg
chamber air temperature 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
catd.avg
air temperature in heating duct - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto1.avg
chamber soil temperature - organic 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti1.avg
chamber soil temperature - inorganic 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto2.avg
chamber soil temperature - organic 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti2.avg
chamber soil temperature - inorganic 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cq.avg
chamber quantum sensor flux density - average
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
crh.avg
chamber relative humidity - average
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csm.avg
chamber soil moisture - average
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat1.min
chamber air temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat2.min
chamber air temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
catd.min
air temperature in heating duct - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto1.min
chamber organic soil temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti1.min
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto2.min
chamber organic soil temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti2.min
chamber inorganic soil temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cq.min
chamber quantum sensor flux density - minimum
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
crh.min
chamber relative humidity - minimum
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csm.min
chamber soil moisture - minimum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat1.max
chamber air temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat2.max
chamber air temperature 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
catd.max
air temperature in heating duct - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto1.max
chamber organic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti1.max
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csto2.max
chamber organic soil temperature 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
csti2.max
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cq.max
chamber quantum sensor flux density - maximum
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
crh.max
chamber relative humidity - maximum
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csm.max
chamber soil moisture - maximum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
678786
hf113-03-hf-outside.csv
HF outside data
hf113-03-hf-outside.csv
20758976
3cdb8ebbea033420963ccb4f969ba173
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-03-hf-outside.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
NA
missing value
year
year
YYYY
NA
missing value
decdate
day of year and decimal hour
nominalDay
0.0001
real
NA
missing value
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
NA
missing value
month
month of year
month of year
NA
missing value
week
week of year
nominalWeek
1
whole
NA
missing value
dom
day of month
day of month
NA
missing value
hour
hour
nominalHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
ptemp.avg
average panel temperature
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
ptemp.min
minimum panel temperature
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
ptemp.max
maximum panel temperature
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat1.avg
average outside air temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto1.avg
average outside organic soil temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti1.avg
average outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc1q.avg
average outside quantum sensor - plot 1
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc1rh.avg
average outside relative humidity - plot 1
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc1sm.avg
average outside soil moisture - plot 1
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat1.min
minimum outside air temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto1.min
minimum outside organic soil temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti1.min
minimum outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc1q.min
minimum outside quantum sensor - plot 1
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc1rh.min
minimum outside relative humidity - plot 1
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc1sm.min
minimum outside soil moisture - plot 1
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat1.max
maximum outside air temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto1.max
maximum outside organic soil temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti1.max
maximum outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 1
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc1q.max
maximum outside quantum sensor - plot 1
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc1rh.max
maximum outside relative humidity - plot 1
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc1sm.max
maximum outside soil moisture - plot 1
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat2.avg
average outside air temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto2.avg
average outside organic soil temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti2.avg
average outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc2q.avg
average outside quantum sensor - plot 2
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc2rh.avg
average outside relative humidity - plot 2
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oc2sm.avg
average outside soil moisture - plot 2
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat2.min
minimum outside air temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto2.min
minimum outside organic soil temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti2.min
minimum outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc2q.min
minimum outside quantum sensor - plot 2
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc2rh.min
minimum outside relative humidity - plot 2
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc2sm.min
minimum outside soil moisture - plot 2
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat2.max
maximum outside air temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto2.max
maximum outside organic soil temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti2.max
maximum outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 2
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc2q.max
maximum outside quantum sensor - plot 2
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc2rh.max
maximum outside relative humidity - plot 2
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc2sm.max
maximum outside soil moisture - plot 2
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat3.avg
average outside air temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto3.avg
average outside organic soil temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti3.avg
average outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3q.avg
average outside quantum sensor - plot 3
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3rh.avg
average outside relative humidity - plot 3
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3sm.avg
average outside soil moisture - plot 3
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat3.min
minimum outside air temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto3.min
minimum outside organic soil temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti3.min
minimum outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3q.min
minimum outside quantum sensor - plot 3
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3rh.min
minimum outside relative humidity - plot 3
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3sm.min
minimum outside soil moisture - plot 3
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oat3.max
maximum outside air temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osto3.max
maximum outside organic soil temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
osti3.max
maximum outside inorganic soil temperature - plot 3
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3q.max
maximum outside quantum sensor - plot 3
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3rh.max
maximum outside relative humidity - plot 3
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
oc3sm.max
maximum outside soil moisture - plot 3
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
56568
hf113-04-hf-hfp.csv
HF heat flux plate data
hf113-04-hf-hfp.csv
19749922
dcb3edb8768d41909ceeed6284916fa9
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-04-hf-hfp.csv
datetime
time stamp
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
NA
missing value
doy
Julian Day
nominalDay
1
whole
NA
missing value
batt.volt.avg
battery voltage - average
volt
0.01
real
NA
missing value
shf.avg.1
chamber 2 heat flux plate 1 - average
wattPerMeterSquared
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
shf.avg.2
chamber 2 heat flux plate 2 - average
wattPerMeterSquared
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
shf.cal.1
chamber 2 soil heat flux calibration for plate 1 (W/(m^2mV))
number
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
shf.cal.2
chamber 2 soil heat flux calibration for plate 2 (W/(m^2mV))
number
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.1
chamber 2 soil temperature at 2cm - set 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.2
chamber 2 soil temperature at 6cm - set 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.3
chamber 2 soil temperature at 2cm - set 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.4
chamber 2 soil temperature at 6cm - set 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
vw.avg.1
chamber 2 volumetric water content - average
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
pa.us.avg.1
chamber 2 voltage for volumetric water content - average
microsecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
shf.max.1
chamber 2 heat flux plate 1 - maximum
wattPerMeterSquared
0.001
real
NA
missing value
shf.max.2
chamber 2 heat flux plate 2 - maximum
wattPerMeterSquared
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.1
chamber 2 soil temperature at 2cm - set 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.2
chamber 2 soil temperature at 6cm - set 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.3
chamber 2 soil temperature at 2cm - set 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.4
chamber 2 soil temperature at 6cm - set 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
vw.max.1
chamber 2 volumetric water content - maximum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
pa.us.max.1
chamber 2 voltage for volumetric water content - maximum
microsecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
shf.min.1
chamber 2 heat flux plate 1 - minimum
wattPerMeterSquared
0.001
real
NA
missing value
shf.min.2
chamber 2 heat flux plate 2 - minimum
wattPerMeterSquared
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.1
chamber 2 soil temperature at 2cm - set 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.2
chamber 2 soil temperature at 6cm - set 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.3
chamber 2 soil temperature at 2cm - set 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.4
chamber 2 soil temperature at 6cm - set 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
vw.min.1
chamber 2 volumetric water content - minimum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
pa.us.min.1
chamber 2 voltage for volumetric water content - minimum
microsecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
shf.avg.3
chamber 4 heat flux plate 1 - average
wattPerMeterSquared
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
shf.avg.4
chamber 4 heat flux plate 2 - average
wattPerMeterSquared
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
shf.cal.3
chamber 4 soil heat flux calibration for plate 1 (W/(m^2mV))
number
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
shf.cal.4
chamber 4 soil heat flux calibration for plate 2 (W/(m^2mV))
number
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.5
chamber 4 soil temperature at 2cm - set 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.6
chamber 4 soil temperature at 6cm - set 1 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.7
chamber 4 soil temperature at 2cm - set 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.avg.8
chamber 4 soil temperature at 6cm - set 2 - average
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
vw.avg.2
chamber 4 volumetric water content - average
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
pa.us.avg.2
chamber 4 voltage for volumetric water content - average
microsecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
shf.max.3
chamber 4 heat flux plate 1 - maximum
wattPerMeterSquared
0.001
real
NA
missing value
shf.max.4
chamber 4 heat flux plate 2 - maximum
wattPerMeterSquared
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.5
chamber 4 soil temperature at 2cm - set 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.6
chamber 4 soil temperature at 6cm - set 1 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.7
chamber 4 soil temperature at 2cm - set 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.max.8
chamber 4 soil temperature at 6cm - set 2 - maximum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
vw.max.2
chamber 4 volumetric water content - maximum
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
pa.us.max.2
chamber 4 voltage for volumetric water content - maximum
microsecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
shf.min.3
chamber 4 heat flux plate 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
shf.min.4
chamber 4 heat flux plate 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.5
chamber 4 soil temperature at 2cm - set 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.6
chamber 4 soil temperature at 6cm - set 1 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.7
chamber 4 soil temperature at 2cm - set 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
t109.min.8
chamber 4 soil temperature at 6cm - set 2 - minimum
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
vw.min.2
chamber 4 volumetric water content - minimum
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
pa.us.min.2
chamber 4 voltage for volumetric water content - minimum
microsecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
55446
hf113-05-hf-cham-heat.csv
HF chamber heating
hf113-05-hf-cham-heat.csv
57588180
aeaf181393259c2948476e0e1cf92f6a
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-05-hf-cham-heat.csv
cid
Campbell ID
Campbell ID
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
time
time
time
cham
chamber (1-12)
chamber (1-12)
oatc
average of the 3 outside air temperature sensors
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
at1
air temperature #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
at2
air temperature #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
atc
average of air temperatures #1 and #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
atd
air temperature in heating duct
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
bav
Belimo valve opening
millivolt
0.01
real
NA
missing value
dah
difference in chamber temperature and ambient chamber temperature. Chambers 1-3 compared to chamber 4. Chambers 5, 7 and 8 compared to chamber 6. Chambers 9, 10 and 12 compared to chamber 11.
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
doa
difference in chamber temperature and outside air temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
fan
fan speed
millivolt
0.01
real
NA
missing value
631265
hf113-06-hf-mini-temp-2009-2010.csv
HF minichamber temperature 2009-2010
hf113-06-hf-mini-temp-2009-2010.csv
62907722
ab7d941f774457f93c18adca72086216
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-06-hf-mini-temp-2009-2010.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
time
time (hhmm)
time(hhmm)
chamber
chamber number (replicate)
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
treat
treatment
cont
un-manipulated 1 meter plots
cool
minichambers (pvc frames) covered with 80% shade cloth
warm
minichambers covered with 40 mil greenhouse sheeting
fcon
uncovered minichambers
s.avg
average hourly soil temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
a.avg
average hourly air temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
s.max
hourly maximum soil temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
a.max
hourly maximum air temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
s.min
hourly minimum soil temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
a.min
hourly minimum air temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
883267
hf113-07-hf-mini-temp-2011.csv
HF minichamber temperature 2011
hf113-07-hf-mini-temp-2011.csv
14683419
a1ddf5d319f27ea5081fb7e165c3f995
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-07-hf-mini-temp-2011.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
time
time (hhmm)
time(hhmm)
chamber
chamber number (replicate)
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
treat
treatment
cont
un-manipulated 1 meter plots
cool
minichambers (pvc frames) covered with 80% shade cloth
warm
minichambers covered with 40 mil greenhouse sheeting
fcon
uncovered minichambers
s.avg
average hourly soil temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
a.avg
average hourly air temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
s.max
hourly maximum soil temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
a.max
hourly maximum air temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
s.min
hourly minimum soil temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
a.min
hourly minimum air temperature
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
193620
hf113-08-hf-propane-hourly.csv
HF propane usage (hourly)
hf113-08-hf-propane-hourly.csv
8854597
7cb88b540b716a1f6a153e828b797e43
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-08-hf-propane-hourly.csv
id
Campbell ID
Campbell ID
datetime
date
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
hour
hour
number
1
real
seconds
seconds
number
1
real
ants1.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Ants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants1.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Ants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants2.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Ants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants2.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Ants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants3.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Ants Block #3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants3.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Ants Block #3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants1.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Plants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants1.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Plants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants2.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Plants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants2.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Plants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
boiler.supply.avg
average water temperature of supply for the whole system
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
boiler.return.avg
average water temperature of return for the whole system
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants.flow.avg
average rate of water flow for all Ant Blocks
gallonPerMinute
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants.flow.avg
average rate of water flow for all Plant Blocks
gallonPerMinute
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants.btuh.avg
estimate of heat used per hour in the Ants chambers
britishThermalUnit
0.0001
real
NA
missing value
ants1.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Ants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants2.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Ants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants3.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Ants Block #3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants.btuh.avg
estimate of heat used per hour in the Plants chambers
britishThermalUnit
0.0001
real
NA
missing value
plants1.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Plants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants2.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Plants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
batt.volt
datalogger battery voltage
volt
0.01
real
NA
missing value
gas.flow.cf.tot
total propane used
footCubed
1
whole
NA
missing value
gas.flow.gal.tot
total propane used
gallon
0.001
real
NA
missing value
50106
hf113-09-hf-propane-daily.csv
HF propane usage (daily)
hf113-09-hf-propane-daily.csv
355057
33c1be04d0697943989fde75fd4c844f
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-09-hf-propane-daily.csv
id
Campbell ID
Campbell ID
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
hour
hour
number
1
real
seconds
seconds
number
1
real
ants1.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Ants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants1.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Ants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants2.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Ants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants2.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Ants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants3.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Ants Block #3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants3.low.avg
average water temperature of return on Ants Block #3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants1.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Plants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants1.low.avg
average water temp. of return on Plants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants2.high.avg
average water temperature of supply on Plants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants2.low.avg
average water temp. of return on Plants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
boiler.supply.avg
average water temperature of supply for the whole system
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
boiler.return.avg
average water temperature of return for the whole system
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants.flow.avg
average rate of water flow for all Ant Blocks
gallonPerMinute
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants.flow.avg
average rate of water flow for all Plant Blocks
gallonPerMinute
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants.btuh.avg
estimate of heat used per day in the Ants chambers
britishThermalUnit
0.1
real
NA
missing value
ants1.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Ants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants2.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Ants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ants3.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Ants Block #3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants.btuh.avg
estimate of heat used per day in the Plants chambers
britishThermalUnit
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
plants1.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Plants Block #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
plants2.delta.avg
average difference between supply and return temperatures for Plants Block #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
batt.volt
datalogger battery voltage
volt
0.01
real
NA
missing value
gas.flow.cf.tot
total propane used
footCubed
1
whole
NA
missing value
gas.flow.gal.tot
total propane used
gallon
0.01
real
NA
missing value
2089
hf113-10-hf-elec-useage.csv
HF electric usage
hf113-10-hf-elec-useage.csv
5661
7c3e40dddf882b0fdbe0eda8a36db3d6
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-10-hf-elec-useage.csv
startdate
start date
YYYY-MM-DD
enddate
end date
YYYY-MM-DD
read.ls
monthly reading of electric usage for the Little Shed
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
read.outbs
monthly reading of electric usage outside of DOE Big Shed
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
read.inbs.plants
monthly reading of electric usage inside of DOE Big Shed for Hot Plants componant
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
read.inbs.ants
monthly reading of electric usage inside of DOE Big Shed for Warm Ants componant
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
use.ls
monthly energy usage for the Little Shed
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
use.outbs
monthly energy usage outside of DOE Big Shed
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
use.inbs.plants
monthly energy usage inside of DOE Big Shed for Hot Plants componant
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
use.inbs.ants
monthly energy usage inside of DOE Big Shed for Warm Ants componant
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
use.bs.shared
energy usage outside DOE Big Shed less Inside Plants and Ants
kilowattHour
1
whole
NA
missing value
80
hf113-11-df-chamber.csv
DF chamber data
hf113-11-df-chamber.csv
110417180
1558a4e08e799ec1077488a625308ba2
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-11-df-chamber.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
decdate
day of year and decimal hour
nominalDay
0.0001
real
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
month
month of year
month of year
week
week of year
nominalWeek
1
whole
dom
day of month
day of month
hour
hour
nominalHour
1
whole
chamber
chamber number (1-12)
chamber number (1-12)
cat1.avg
chamber air temperature 1 -average
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cat2.avg
chamber air temperature 2 -average
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cat3.avg
chamber air temperature 3 -average
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csto1.avg
chamber soil temperature - organic 1 - average
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csti1.avg
chamber soil temperature - inorganic 1 - average
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csto2.avg
chamber soil temperature - organic 2 - average
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csti2.avg
chamber soil temperature - inorganic 2 - average
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cq.avg
chamber quantum sensor flux density - average
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
crh.avg
chamber relative humidity - average
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csm.avg
chamber soil moisture - average
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat1.min
chamber air temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cat2.min
chamber air temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cat3.min
chamber air temperature 3 - minimum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csto1.min
chamber organic soil temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csti1.min
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - minimum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csto2.min
chamber organic soil temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csti2.min
chamber inorganic soil temperature 2 - minimum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cq.min
chamber quantum sensor flux density - minimum
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
crh.min
chamber relative humidity - minimum
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csm.min
chamber soil moisture - minimum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
cat1.max
chamber air temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cat2.max
chamber air temperature 2 - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cat3.max
chamber air temperature 3 - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csto1.max
chamber organic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csti1.max
chamber inorganic soil temperature 1 - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csto2.max
chamber organic soil temperature 2 - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csti2.max
chamber inorganic soil temperature 2 - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
cq.max
chamber quantum sensor flux density - maximum
micromolePerMeterSquaredPerSecond
0.01
real
NA
missing value
crh.max
chamber relative humidity - maximum
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
csm.max
chamber soil moisture - maximum
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
515078
hf113-12-df-outside.csv
DF outside data
hf113-12-df-outside.csv
9921170
1d416d23d8617723b2c10b3da02255a1
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-12-df-outside.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
decdate
day of year and decimal hour
nominalDay
0.0001
real
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
month
month of year
month of year
week
week of year
nominalWeek
1
whole
dom
day of month
day of month
hour
hour
nominalHour
1
whole
ptemp1.avg
average panel temperature 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ptemp1.min
minimum panel temperature 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ptemp1.max
maximum panel temperature 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ptemp2.avg
average panel temperature 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ptemp2.min
minimum panel temperature 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ptemp2.max
maximum panel temperature 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat1.avg
average outside air temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto1.avg
average outside organic soil temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti1.avg
average outside inorganic soil temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat1.min
minimum outside air temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto1.min
minimum outside organic soil temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti1.min
minimum outside inorganic soil temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat1.max
maximum outside air temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto1.max
maximum outside organic soil temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti1.max
maximum outside inorganic soil temperature - control 1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat2.avg
average outside air temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto2.avg
average outside organic soil temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti2.avg
average outside inorganic soil temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat2.min
minimum outside air temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto2.min
minimum outside organic soil temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti2.min
minimum outside inorganic soil temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat2.max
maximum outside air temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto2.max
maximum outside organic soil temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti2.max
maximum outside inorganic soil temperature - control 2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat3.avg
average outside air temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto3.avg
average outside organic soil temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti3.avg
average outside inorganic soil temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat3.min
minimum outside air temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto3.min
minimum outside organic soil temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti3.min
minimum outside inorganic soil temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
oat3.max
maximum outside air temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osto3.max
maximum outside organic soil temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
osti3.max
maximum outside inorganic soil temperature - control 3
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
42925
hf113-13-df-cham-heat.csv
DF chamber heating
hf113-13-df-cham-heat.csv
29226239
2aa0c3cd412f760e4127efeaf4135363
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-13-df-cham-heat.csv
cid
Campbell ID
Campbell ID
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
real
time
time (hhmm)
time(hhmm)
cham
chamber (1-12)
chamber (1-12)
loatc
lower shed outside air temperature
celsius
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
uoatc
upper shed outside airtemperature
celsius
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
at1
air temperature #1
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
at2
air temperature #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
atc
average of air temperatures #1 and #2
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
atd
air temperature in heating duct
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
bav
Belimo valve opening
millivolt
0.00000001
real
NA
missing value
dah
difference in chamber temperature and ambient chamber temperature. Chambers 1-3 compared to chamber 4. Chambers 5, 7 and 8 compared to chamber 6. Chambers 9, 10 and 12 compared to chamber 11.
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
doa
difference in chamber temperature and outside air temperature
celsius
0.001
real
NA
missing value
fan
fan speed
millivolt
1
whole
NA
missing value
292302
hf113-14-df-mini-temp.csv
DF minichamber temperature
hf113-14-df-mini-temp.csv
1407874
7c9e18401cd649a3f67a96bd2a04be47
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-14-df-mini-temp.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
time
time
hh:mm
minichamber
minichamber number (replicate)
minichamber number (replicate)
treatment
treatment
Control
minichambers with no temperature manipulation
Cooling
minichambers covered with shade cloth
Warming
minichambers with greenhouse sheeting
temperature
bihourly air temperature recorded beneath minichambers
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
28455
hf113-15-df-ant-foraging.csv
DF ant foraging distance
hf113-15-df-ant-foraging.csv
3090
e4208084d5ead08af08ddfc0fa4ca756
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-15-df-ant-foraging.csv
id
unique ant identifier
unique ant identifier
chamber
chamber number
chamber number
treatment
target temperature delta
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
nest
unique nest number
unique nest number
distance
straight distance between bait and nest to which ant returned
centimeter
1
real
NA
missing value
bait
unique bait number
unique bait number
genus
ant genus
ant genus
species
ant species
ant species
gen.sp
code consisting of first two letters of genus and species
code consisting of first two letters of genus and species
72
hf113-16-df-nestbox.csv
DF ant nestbox data
hf113-16-df-nestbox.csv
304909
5368d472c2e97bc70c6a2639b45bc47c
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-16-df-nestbox.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
year
year that box was checked
YYYY
month
month that box was checked
month that box was checked
day
day that box was checked
day that box was checked
doy
julian day that box was checked
nominalDay
1
integer
id
person who checked the box
LMN
Lauren M. Nichols
site
site
DF
Duke Forest
HF
Harvard Forest
chamber
chamber number
chamber number
nest
unique nest number
unique nest number
under
whether or not this data entry is for a check under (rather than inside) the nest box
N
not under
Y
under
genus
ant genus
ant genus
species
ant species
ant species
NA
missing value
u.sp
unique species code consisting of first two letters of genus and species
code consisting of first two letters of genus and species
NA
missing value
number
estimated number observed
estimated number observed
NA
missing value
n.cat
estimated number observed (as a number
number
1
real
NA
missing value
brood
whether or not brood was observed
N
not observed
Y
observed
NA
missing value
n.brood
estimated number of brood observed
estimated number of brood observed. We stopped recording this at some point because it was so difficult to estimate.
NA
missing value
alates
whether or not alates were observed
N
not observed
Y
observed
NA
missing value
notes
notes
notes
4093
hf113-17-hf-wind-rain.csv
HF wind and rain
hf113-17-hf-wind-rain.csv
10523923
ad14a5ac036bb4f46ef69a8331fda977
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-17-hf-wind-rain.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
year
year
YYYY
doy
day of year
nominalDay
1
whole
time
time
number
1
whole
rain.mm.tot
rain total for period
millimeter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
ws.ms.s.wvt
mean horizontal wind speed
metersPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
ws.ms.u.wvt
resultant mean horizontal wind speed
metersPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
winddir.du.wvt
resultant mean wind direction
degree
0.1
real
NA
missing value
winddir.sd1.wvt
standard deviation of wind direction
degree
0.01
real
NA
missing value
wndspd.max
wind speed maximum
metersPerSecond
0.001
real
NA
missing value
170061
hf113-18-hf-cham-ants.csv
HF chamber ants
hf113-18-hf-cham-ants.csv
378844
29084f26bec301865e558dc5d1a37e13
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-18-hf-cham-ants.csv
sampling.id
arbitrary integer from 1 to n, where n is the number of monthly pitfall samples since the chambers were turned on at Harvard Forest (September 25, 2009). Pitfall and chamber environmental data are aligned using the Sampling ID.
arbitrary integer from 1 to n, where n is the number of monthly pitfall samples since the chambers were turned on at Harvard Forest (September 25, 2009). Pitfall and chamber environmental data are aligned using the Sampling ID
site
site name
DF
Duke Forest
HF
Harvard Forest
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
month
month
month
day
day
day
year
year
YYYY
doy
Julian day, an integer from 1 to 365 (366 for leap years). Yields a unique identifier of the calendar day for each year
nominalDay
1
whole
cham
integer from 1 to 15 corresponding with the Chamber number. Chambers 13, 14, and 15 are the Chamberless Controls at both sites. Chambers 1 through 12 represent different warming regimes across Duke and Harvard Forests.
chamber replicate number
subs
levels “A”, “B”, “C”, and “D” corresponding with the 4 pitfall traps per chamber.
Levels “A”, “B”, “C”, and “D” corresponding with the 4 pitfall traps per chamber.
treat
heating treatment. Binary factor.
Pre-treat
samples occurred before the chambers were turned on
Treat
samples occurred after the chambers were turned on
warming
warming treatment. Factor with three levels.
Heated
Target_Delta > 0
Chamber Control
Target_Delta = 0, and Cham is < 13
Chamberless Control
Target_Delta = 0, and Cham is > 12
target.delta
the target degrees Celsius above ambient (given chamber temperature relative to the outside temperature). Values are one of the following: 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.4, 5, 5.5. Note that both heated control chambers (that blow ambient air into the chamber) and chamberless control chambers (that do not blow air into the chamber and do not have walls) are given a value of 0.
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
method
ant collection technique
Pitfall
each chamber/plot has 4 pitfall traps installed
Winkler
surface little collected from 2 pooled .25m ×.25m quadrats on opposite sides of each chamber placement of 4 baits/chamber
id
investigator who identified the specimens
AME
Aaron M. Ellison
BBD
Bernice B. DeMarco
GWB
Grace W. Barber
IDT
Israel Del Toro
KID
Katie I. Davis
MAC
Matt A. Cross
MRP
Michael R. Pelini
SLP
Shannon L. Pelini
NM;MM;KT
Natasha Manyak, Michael Marquis, Kevin Towle
genus
if known, the Genus name. If unknown, “Unknown”
taxonomic Genus
NA
missing value
species
if known, the Species name. If unknown, specimens are assigned a unique morphotype of the form, “sp_DFmorph1”.
taxonomic Species
NA
missing value
spcode
six or seven character species code (= first 3 letters of genus + first 3 letters of species + number when the previous six characters are not unique). Corresponds to variable “code” in dataset HF147-01
six or seven character species code (= first 3 letters of genus + first 3 letters of species + number when the previous six characters are not unique). Corresponds to variable “code” in dataset HF147-01
NA
missing value
n
number of individuals collected
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
unique.id
identifier number unique to archived specimen vial
idcentifier number unique to archived specimen vial
caste
caste
Worker
worker
Queen
queen
Male
male
notes
notes
notes
pinned
number of individuals pinned from archived sample
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
3914
hf113-19-hf-mini-ants.csv
HF minichamber ants
hf113-19-hf-mini-ants.csv
3921
ae92ee0b8d03900cbed973b2a7f83811
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-19-hf-mini-ants.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
cham
chamber replicate number
chamber replicate number
treat
treatment
cont
un-manipulated 1 meter plots
cool
minichambers (pvc frames) covered with 80% shade cloth
warm
minichambers covered with 40 mil greenhouse sheeting
fcon
uncovered minichambers
method
ant sampling method
Winkler
ants were extracted from soil beneath minichambers via Winkler sac
Nest Box
ants inhabiting artifical nest boxes beneath chamber were counted
id
investigator who identified the specimens
SLP
Shannon L. Pelini
GWB
Grace W. Barber
id.date
date the identification was made
date the identification was made
NA
missing value
genus
taxonomic genus
taxonomic genus
NA
missing value
species
taxonomic species
taxonomic species
NA
missing value
code
six or seven character species code (= first 3 letters of genus + first 3 letters of species + number when the previous six characters are not unique)
species code
NA
missing value
caste
caste (this is only documented for ants resorted in 2013)
Worker
worker
Queen
queen
NA
missing value
n
number of individuals collected
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
55
hf113-20-hf-mini-forage.csv
HF minichamber foraging
hf113-20-hf-mini-forage.csv
37396
e91e791a40d4f6c0934e0e10ee41678d
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-20-hf-mini-forage.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
sam.per
sample period, 30 minute intervals in which baits remaining in each petri dish were counted
minute
1
whole
NA
missing value
cham
minichamber replicate number
minichamber replicate number
treat
treatment
cont
un-manipulated 1 meter plots
cool
minichambers (pvc frames) covered with 80% shade cloth
warm
minichambers covered with 40 mil greenhouse sheeting
fcon
uncovered minichambers
bait
material used to quantify ant foraging activity. For each baiting trial, 10 units of bait were placed in a perti dish beneath each minichamber.
Seeds
Acarum canadense to measure seed dispersal
Sugar
Demerara sugar grains to measure nectivary
Termites
living Reticulatermes flavipes to measure predation
Meal worms
dead Tenebrio molitor to measure scavenging
Oats
Avena sativa L.to measure granivory
temp
air temperature at time of baiting
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
units.rem
units of bait remaining in each petri dish were counted
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
1025
hf113-21-df-cham-ants.csv
DF chamber ants
hf113-21-df-cham-ants.csv
642491
d71f9f65c3781fdd0beb5562a0e7ea0b
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-21-df-cham-ants.csv
sampling.id
arbitrary integer from 1 to n, where n is the number of monthly pitfall samples since the chambers were turned on at Harvard Forest (September 25, 2009). Pitfall and chamber environmental data are aligned using the Sampling ID.
arbitrary integer from 1 to n, where n is the number of monthly pitfall samples since the chambers were turned on at Harvard Forest (September 25, 2009). Pitfall and chamber environmental data are aligned using the Sampling ID.
site
site name
DF
Duke Forest
HF
Harvard Forest
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
month
month
month
day
day
day
year
year
YYYY
doy
Julian day, an integer from 1 to 365 (366 for leap years). Yields a unique identifier of the calendar day for each year.
nominalDay
1
whole
cham
integer from 1 to 15 corresponding with the Chamber number. Chambers 13, 14, and 15 are the Chamberless Controls at both sites. Chambers 1 through 12 represent different warming regimes across Duke and Harvard Forests.
integer from 1 to 15 corresponding with the Chamber number. Chambers 13, 14, and 15 are the Chamberless Controls at both sites. Chambers 1 through 12 represent different warming regimes across Duke and Harvard Forests.
subs
levels “A”, “B”, “C”, and “D” corresponding with the 4 pitfall traps per chamber.
levels “A”, “B”, “C”, and “D” corresponding with the 4 pitfall traps per chamber
treat
heating treatment. Binary factor.
Pre-treat
samples occurred before the chambers were turned on
Treat
samples occurred after the chambers were turned ont
method
ant collection technique
Pitfall
each chamber/plot has 4 pitfall traps installed
Baiting
Pecan Sandies cookies were used to
attract ants. Ants were counted 1 hour after
placement of 4 baits/chamber.
id
investigator who identified the specimens
investigator who identified the specimens
genus
if known, the Genus name. If unknown, “Unknown”.
if known, the Genus name. If unknown, “Unknown”.
species
if known, the Species name. If unknown, specimens are assigned a unique morphotype of the form, “sp_DFmorph1”.
if known, the Species name. If unknown, specimens are assigned a unique morphotype of the form, “sp_DFmorph1”.
n
number of individuals collected
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
caste
caste
Worker
worker
Queen
queen
Alate
alate
Male
male
notes
notes
notes
pinned
number of ants pinned for vouchering
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
warming
warming treatment. Factor with three levels.
Heated
Target_Delta > 0
Chamber Control
Target_Delta = 0, and Cham is < 13
Chamberless Control
Target_Delta = 0, and Cham is > 12
target.delta
the target degrees Celsius above ambient (given chamber temperature relative to the outside temperature). Values are one of the following: 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.4, 5, 5.5. Note that both heated control chambers (that blow ambient air into the chamber) and chamberless control chambers (that do not blow air into the chamber and do not have walls) are given a value of 0.
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
6405
hf113-22-df-mini-ants.csv
DF minichamber ants
hf113-22-df-mini-ants.csv
12920
9bea464e132f67af34120413f9273ba3
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-22-df-mini-ants.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
cham
minichamber replicate number
minichamber replicate number
treat
treatment
cont
un-manipulated 1 meter plots
cool
minichambers (pvc frames) covered with 80% shade cloth
warm
minichambers covered with 40 mil greenhouse sheeting
fcon
uncovered minichambers
method
ant sampling method
Winkler
ants were extracted from soil beneath minichambers via Winkler sac
Nest Box
ants inhabiting artifical nest boxes beneath chamber were counted
species
taxonomic Species
taxonomic Species
n
number of individuals collected
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
253
hf113-23-df-mini-forage.csv
DF minichamber foraging
hf113-23-df-mini-forage.csv
27559
46edec60dfd2b67404b7e8a934d53a21
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-23-df-mini-forage.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
cham
minichamber replicate number
minichamber replicate number
treat
treatment
cont
un-manipulated 1 meter plots
cool
minichambers (pvc frames) covered with 80% shade cloth
warm
minichambers covered with 40 mil greenhouse sheeting
fcon
uncovered minichambers
bait
bait material used to quantify ant foraging activity. For each baiting trial, 10 units of bait were placed in a perti dish beneath each minichamber.
Seeds
Acarum canadense to measure seed dispersal
Sugar
Demerara sugar grains to measure nectivary
Live Termites
living Reticulatermes flavipes to measure predation
DeadTermites
dead Reticulatermes flavipes to measure scavenging
Oats
Avena sativa L.to measure granivory
sam.per
30 minute intervals in which baits remaining in each petri dish were counted
minute
1
whole
NA
missing value
temp
temperature at time of baiting
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
units.rem
units of bait remaining in each petri dish were counted
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
735
hf113-24-hf-thermal.csv
HF ant thermal tolerance
hf113-24-hf-thermal.csv
15975
19f9b7cba6c565fa94ccbb3ba82876fc
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-24-hf-thermal.csv
subfamily
taxonomic Subfamily
taxonomic Subfamily
species
taxonomic Species
taxonomic Species
thermal.tolerance
temperature at which ant lost muscle coordination or died
celsius
1
whole
NA
missing value
length
body length, quantified as Weber's length (see Brown WL (1953) Revisionary studies in the ant tribe Dacetini. Am Midl Nat 50:1-137)
millimeter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
net.water.loss
grams water lost during thermal tolerance assay
gram
0.001
real
NA
missing value
per.water.ldoss
percent water lost during thermal tolerance assay
dimensionless
0.01
real
NA
missing value
twc
total water content, calculated as (( Live mass - Dry mass ) × 100 ) / Live mass (see Schilman PE, Lighton JRB, Holway DA (2007) Water balance in the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) compared with five common native ant species from southern California. Physiol Entomol 32 (1):1-7.)
dimensionless
0.000000001
real
NA
missing value
cwc
critical water content, calculated as (( Mass at death - Dry Mass ) × 100 ) / Live mass (see Schilman PE, Lighton JRB, Holway DA (2007) Water balance in the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) compared with five common native ant species from southern California. Physiol Entomol 32 (1):1-7.
dimensionless
0.00000001
real
NA
missing value
habitat.type
habitat ants collected from
habitat ants collected from
232
hf113-25-hf-woody.csv
HF woody plants
hf113-25-hf-woody.csv
23329
4c8663be4a9bf2a7335736d8906e5f10
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-25-hf-woody.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
chamber
chamber replicate number
chamber replicate number
quadrat
quadrat replicate number
quadrat replicate number
species
plant taxanomic Species
plant taxanomic Species
common.name
plant common name
plant common name
plant
plant ID number within chamber
plant ID number within chamber
leaves
number of leaves on plant
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
height
stem height from ground to highest bud
centimeter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
straight.height
stem height, with plant held perpendicular from ground, from ground to highest bud
centimeter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
diameter
maximum stem diameter in centimeters
maximum stem diameter in centimeters
NA
missing value
pathogen.damage
number of leaves with pathogen damage
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
herbivory
number of leaves with evidence of herbivory
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
mechanical.damage
number of leaves with mechanical damage
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
notes
notes
notes
299
hf113-26-hf-cover.csv
HF percent cover
hf113-26-hf-cover.csv
12965
0b98ad849cb3bfe5c0abb133ded06bc5
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-26-hf-cover.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
chamber
chamber replicate number
chamber replicate number
species
plant taxonomic Species
plant taxonomic Species
common.name
plant common name
plant common name
cover
cover category, % species covers the quadrat
1
less than 5%
2
5-20%
3
21-40%
4
41-60%
5
61-80%
6
81-100%
270
hf113-27-hf-phenology.csv
HF plant phenology
hf113-27-hf-phenology.csv
104013
9575f001907a37021f17c5c55fd6449e
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-27-hf-phenology.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
chamber
chamber replicate number
chamber replicate number
plant
plant ID number within chamber
plant ID number within chamber
species
plant taxonomic Species
plant taxonomic Species
common.name
plant common name
plant common name
phenology
phenological state of plant
F1
2/3 or more of leaves are green
F2
more than 1/3 of leaves no longer green (senesced)
F3
2/3 or more of leaves have dropped from plant
S1
No bud expansion or color change
S2
buds elongating and turning green, but no leaves emerging
S3
leaf primordial seen elongating from bud
S4
folded leaves emerging from buds
S5
leaves unfolded but not fully grown and hardened
S6
leaves hardened
Free text (unrestricted)
.*
notes
notes
notes
2175
hf113-28-df-budburst.csv
DF budburst
hf113-28-df-budburst.csv
51374
82ed5031b441938ca8a7cf825866bae3
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-28-df-budburst.csv
year
year
YYYY
species
species code
ACRU
Acer rubrum
CATO
Carya tomentosa
QUAL
Quercus alba
QURU
Quercus rubra
VAPA
Vaccinium pallidum
VAST
Vaccinium stamineum
chamber
1-12 are heated and control chambers; OUT is chamberless control chamber
1-12 are heated and control chambers; OUT is chamberless control chamber
NA
missing value
delta.airt
temperature difference between heated chambers and control chambers from 15 February to 15 March
celsius
0.000000001
real
NA
missing value
feb15.mar15.airt
chamber temperature from 15 February to 15 March
celsius
0.00000001
real
NA
missing value
feb15.airt.gdd
growing degree days accumulated above 5 degrees C since 15 February until budburst
celsius
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
doy.budburst
day of year of budburst
nominalDay
1
whole
date
date of budburst
YYYY-MM-DD
849
hf113-29-df-flowering.csv
DF flowering
hf113-29-df-flowering.csv
14865
27082302e48d6d79fac7e3baa0670131
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-29-df-flowering.csv
year
year
YYYY
species
species code
HEAR
Hexastylis arifolia
HIVE
Hieracium venosum
THTH
Thalictrum thalictroides
TIDI
Tipularia discolor
CHMA
Chimaphila maculate
VAPA
Vaccinium pallidum
VAST
Vaccinium stamineum
chamber
1-12 are heated and control chambers; OUT is chamberless control chamber
1-12 are heated and control chambers; OUT is chamberless control chamber
NA
missing value
delta.airt
temperature difference between heated chambers and control chambers from 15 February to 15 March
celsius
0.000000001
real
NA
missing value
monthly.airt
mean chamber temperature for flowering month
celsius
0.00000001
real
NA
missing value
doy.flower
day of year of first flower
nominalDay
1
whole
date
date of first flower
YYYY-MM-DD
280
hf113-30-df-tipularia.csv
DF tipularia
hf113-30-df-tipularia.csv
1020
b70d7503ca036c44093036bc7490f9c1
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-30-df-tipularia.csv
year
year
YYYY
chamber
1-12 are heated and control chambers; OUT is chamberless control chamber
1-12 are heated and control chambers; OUT is chamberless control chamber
NA
missing value
delta.julyt
mean chamber July temperature
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
flower.doy
day of year of first flower
nominalDay
1
whole
NA
missing value
flower.loss.doy
day of year of last flower
nominalDay
1
whole
NA
missing value
fruit.doy
day of year of first fruit
nominalDay
1
whole
NA
missing value
seed.doy
day of year of first seed
nominalDay
1
whole
NA
missing value
35
hf113-31-hf-spider-thermal.csv
HF spider thermal tolerance
hf113-31-hf-spider-thermal.csv
8640
f435026c28b01338396195384ae2110f
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-31-hf-spider-thermal.csv
family
name of the Family of the Species
name of the Family of the Species
species
species name
species name
thermal.tolerance
degrees in Celsius when the spider died
celsius
1
whole
NA
missing value
length
the tibia one length of the spider
centimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
sex
sex of spider
immature
the genitalia are undiferentiate
female
mature female
male
mature male
habitat.type
habitat type
Forest
forest habitat
165
hf113-32-hf-cham-spiders.csv
HF chamber spiders
hf113-32-hf-cham-spiders.csv
27361
a8ecb27d85a0d02b2d0d5c972cda41fc
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-32-hf-cham-spiders.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
cham
chamber replicate number
chamber replicate number
subs
subsample within each chamber
subsample within each chamber
treat
heating treatment
pre-treat
prior to September 25, 2009, no chambers were heated
heated
chambers that receive heat
cham cont
control chambers, chambers that do not receive heat
chamberless
control plots, plots that have no chambers or heat
warming
temperature above outside reference station (3) averages
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
method
the method used to collected spiders
Pitfall
pitfall trap
id
the person who identified spiders
the person who identified spiders
genus
the Genus of the Species
the Genus of the Species
species
taxonomic Species. NA means that those animals weren't identified at Species level because they are immature.
taxonomic Species
n
number of individuals collected
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
414
hf113-33-hf-mini-spider.csv
HF minichamber spiders
hf113-33-hf-mini-spider.csv
1467
9ea718cde33bd4414484a9e4b5a18e61
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-33-hf-mini-spider.csv
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
cham
chamber replicate number
chamber replicate number
treat
heating treatment
fcon
uncovered minichambers
warm
minichambers covered with 40 mil greenhouse sheeting
cool
minichambers (pvc frames) covered with 80% shade cloth
cont
un-manipulated 1 meter plots
method
method used to collected spiders
Pitfall
pitfall trap
genus
Genus of the Species
Genus of the Species
species
taxonomic Species. NA means that those animals weren't identified at Species level because they are immature.
taxonomic Species
n
number of individuals collected
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
26
hf113-34-hf-spider-barcode.csv
HF spider barcode analysis
hf113-34-hf-spider-barcode.csv
66153
0060893b0c633e1bee30ac54617890ef
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-34-hf-spider-barcode.csv
project.code
project code
project code
process.id
process ID
process ID
sample.id
sample ID
sample ID
field.num
field number
field number
catalog.num
catalog number
catalog number
collection.code
collection code
collection code
institution.storing
institution storing sample
institution storing sample
coi.5p.seq.length
COI-5P sequence length
COI-5P sequence length
coi.5p.trace.count
COI-5P trace count
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
image.count
image count
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
barcode.compl
barcode compliant
No
barcode not compliant
Yes
barcode compliant
phylum
phylum
phylum
class
class
class
order
order
order
family
family
family
genus
genus
genus
species
species
species
sex
sex
NA
unknown
F
female
M
male
repro
reproduction
S
s
life.stage
life stage
I
i
A
a
identifier
identifier
identifier
identifier.email
identifier email
identifier email
collect.date
collection date
YYYY-MM-DD
collectors
collectors
collectors
country.ocean
country where sample was collected
country where sample was collected
province
province where sample was collected
province where sample was collected
region
region where sample was collected
region where sample was collected
sector
sector where sample was collected
sector where sample was collected
exact.site
exact site where sample was collected
exact site where sample was collected
lat
latitiude
degree
0.0000000001
real
NA
missing value
lon
longitude
degree
0.0000000001
real
NA
missing value
elev
elevation
meter
1
natural
NA
missing value
190
hf113-35-global-ants.csv
global ants
hf113-35-global-ants.csv
233269
f6a38ad83c4729ca62b2338bc63007dc
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-35-global-ants.csv
ref
citation for the original study
citation for the original study
grid.size
grid size of original study
kilometer
1
natural
NA
missing value
long
longitude, geographic coordinates of locality
degree
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
lat
latitude, geographic coordinates of locality
degree
0.000001
real
NA
missing value
realm
biogeographic realm of the locality
biogeographic realm of the locality
spec.rich
number of species in the site(s)
number
0.1
real
NA
missing value
sample.ind
sampling index. types of sampling done in
original study; P = pitfall, B = bait, L = litter/winkler, S
= soil, H = hand collecting
sampling index
elevation
SRTM elevation of locality
meter
1
integer
NA
missing value
number
number of individual samples (e.g.,
pitfalls, winkler sacs)
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
area
estimated area sampled
squareMeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
condition
assessment of habitat condition
1
intact
2
partially disturbed (physically
resembles intact ecosystem)
aridity
aridity index from Trabucco and Zomer (2009)
aridity index from Trabucco and Zomer (2009)
pet
PET index from Trabucco and Zomer (2009)
PET index from Trabucco and Zomer (2009)
bio1
annual mean temperature in degrees celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio2
mean diurnal range (mean of monthly (max temp - min temp)) in degrees celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio3
Isothermality (BIO2/BIO7) (* 100)
dimensionless
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio4
temperature seasonality (degrees celsius times 10) (standard deviation *100)
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio5
maximum temperature of warmest month in degrees celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio6
minimum temperature of coldest month in degrees celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio7
temperature annual range (BIO5-BIO6) in degrees celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio8
mean temperature of wettest quarter in celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio9
mean temperature of driest quarter in celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio10
mean temperature of warmest quarter in celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio11
mean temperature of coldest quarter in celsius times 10.
celsius
1
real
NA
missing value
bio12
annual precipitation
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio13
precipitation of wettest month
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio14
precipitation of driest month
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio15
precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation)
dimensionless
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio16
precipitation of wettest quarter
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio17
precipitation of driest quarter
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio18
precipitation of warmest quarter
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
bio19
precipitation of coldest quarter
millimeter
1
whole
NA
missing value
1050
hf113-36-global-ants-thermal.csv
global ants thermal tolerance
hf113-36-global-ants-thermal.csv
28955
21f20b646e791ad3f9a52732b8e2e19e
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-36-global-ants-thermal.csv
accession
unique accession number for each ant colony tested
unique accession number for each ant colony tested
species
Latin binomial species name
Latin binomial species name
ctmax
critical thermal maximum, colony mean (minimum sample = 8 workers for data source = “empirical”; see literature references for details of other data sources)
celsius
0.01
real
NA
missing value
location
description of the colony collection location
description of the colony collection location
latitude
latitude in decimal degrees
degree
0.01
real
NA
missing value
longitude
longitude in decimal degrees
degree
0.01
real
NA
missing value
elevation
elevation
meter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
nest.site
nest site
1
on/in ground
2
logs, herbaceous or small woody plants
3
trunks of trees (subcanopy)
4
tops of trees, arboreal (canopy)
habitat.cover
habitat cover
1
open
2
forest edges or species which regularly occupy both open and/or forested habitats;
3
forested
forage.underground
farging underground
0
no
1
yes
data.source
empirical or a literature citation
empirical or a literature citation
derivative.data.source
refers to the same data as listed in “Data source”, but republished in a secondary outlet
refers to the same data as listed in “Data source”, but republished in a secondary outlet
271
hf113-37-hf-ant-interactions.csv
HF ant interactions
hf113-37-hf-ant-interactions.csv
20842
e6ddcd7ce416448e35a6a40c0f28eef0
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-37-hf-ant-interactions.csv
datetime
date and time
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm
date
date
YYYY-MM-DD
bait
bait station number on Prospect Hill Tract
bait station number on Prospect Hill Tract
time
time
time
temp1
temperature taken instantaneously w/laser temperature gun at one location on 3 x 5 notecard w/bait
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
temp2
temperature taken instantaneously w/laser temperature gun at a second location on 3 x 5 notecard w/bait
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
temp3
temperature taken instantaneously w/laser temperature gun at a third location on 3 x 5 notecard w/bait
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
mean.temp
mean of temps 1, 2 & 3
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
spp1
ant species present at bait
ant species present at bait
spp2
additional ant species observed at bait, if applicable
additional ant species observed at bait, if applicable
n1
number of individuals of Spp1
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
n2
number of individuals of Spp2
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
aggressor
species of ant that defended bait, causing other species to flee. "N" indicates a neutral interaction where both species removed bait
species of ant that defended bait, causing other species to flee. "N" indicates a neutral interaction where both species removed bait
252
hf113-38-greenhouse.csv
HF greenhouse warming
hf113-38-greenhouse.csv
2620
9b35bc4c787291e8f574c54138511b78
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-38-greenhouse.csv
nest
nest replicate number
nest replicate number
treatment
amount of warming about ambient (control)
Ambient
ambient (control)
2 deg C warming
2 degrees Celcius warming
4 deg C warming
4 degrees Celcius warming
8 deg C warming
6 degrees Celcius warming
date.collected
date of ant nest collection
YYYY-MM-DD
experiment.date
date ant nest was placed in warming treatment
YYYY-MM-DD
initial.adults
number of adult workers in nest at start of experiment
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
intial.brood
number of brood (eggs, larvae, pupae) in nest at start of experiment
number
1
natural
NA
missing value
final.adults
number of adults surviving to end of experiment
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
seeds.removed
number of seeds removed during an 8 hour period
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
seeds.discovery.time
time at which ants first found and removed bait
minute
1
natural
NA
missing value
cookie.mean.temp
average of two temperature measurements taken with a laser temperature probe
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
cookie.consumption
proportion of weight removed for a cookie placed in the food chamber
dimensionless
0.000000001
real
NA
missing value
38
hf113-39-aphids.csv
HF warm ants, aphids and plants
hf113-39-aphids.csv
61361
bcb39ccd89042494cf4e3ff168e92d01
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-39-aphids.csv
date
date that each measurement was taken
YYYY-MM-DD
plant
chamber number and treatment letter designation of the plant
chamber number and treatment letter designation of the plant
treatment
treatment
aphids added; ants excluded
plant was innoculated with 30 apterous adult Chaitophorus populicola aphids and tanglefoot was added to plant pot to exclude ants
ants included
plant was not innoculated with aphids and tanglefoot was not added to plant pot
aphids added; ants included
plant was innoculated with 30 apterous adult Chaitophorus populicola aphids and tanglefoot was not added to plant pot
ants excluded
plant was not innoculated with aphids and tanglefoot was added to plant pot to exclude ants
adults
number of apterous Chaitophorus populicola adults on the plant
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
stem.coverage
cm of stem covered in Chaitophorus populicola aphids
centimeter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
alates
number of Chaitophorus populicola alates on the plant
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
plant.health
amount of leaf damage on the plant
1
little to no damage
2
some damage
3
significant damage
4
heavy damage
green.aphids
level of Myzus persicae aphid presence on the plant
0
no aphids
1
very light
2
light
3
moderate
4
heavy
5
very heavy
ant.genus
ant Genus
ant Genus
ants.present
number of ants present on the plant at the time of observation
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
count.30
number of ants entering or leaving the plant over a 30 sec period
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
predators.observed
list of all potential aphid predators observed on the plant
list of all potential aphid predators observed on the plant
plant.height
length of the plant
centimeter
0.1
real
NA
missing value
fv.fm1a
first fv/fm value from the first leaf on a plant
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
fv.fm1b
second fv/fm value from the first leaf on a plant
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
fv.fm2a
first fv/fm value from the second leaf on a plant
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
fv.fm2b
second fv/fm value from the second leaf on a plant
dimensionless
0.001
real
NA
missing value
756
hf113-40-hf-non-ant-invertebrates.csv
HF non-ant invertebrates
hf113-40-hf-non-ant-invertebrates.csv
226893
d47eb33a0e35021773c6a5ae7c9c0129
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-40-hf-non-ant-invertebrates.csv
date.processed
date that the collected samples were identified
YYYY-MM-DD
NA
missing value
experiment
name of project
name of project
current.location
where the vials are currently located
BGSU
Bowling Green State University
NA
missing value
date
date the samples were collected in the field
YYYY-MM-DD
NA
missing value
location
research site
HF
Harvard Forest
NA
missing value
chamber
chamber number
chamber number
sample
subsample from the chamber number. There are four subsamples: A,B,C,D
subsample
subsample
any other identification tag found in the vial
any other identification tag found in the vial
class
taxonomic class
taxonomic class
subclass
taxonomic subclass
taxonomic subclass
order
taxonomic order
taxonomic order
suborder
taxonomic suborder
taxonomic suborder
superfamily
taxonomic superfamily
taxonomic superfamily
family
taxonomic family
taxonomic family
genus
taxonomic genus
taxonomic genus
species
taxonomic species
taxonomic species
common.name
common name of sample
common name of sample
larvae
if sample was in the larval stage
if sample was in the larval stage
other.juv
if sample is classified as a juvenile
if sample is classified as a juvenile
number
quantity of specimens in sample
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
unique.id
unique number labeling each sample
unique number labeling each sample
notes
any other information not included in other fields
any other information not included in other fields
2071
hf113-41-ap-ann-table.txt
Aphaenogaster transcriptome annotation table
hf113-41-ap-ann-table.txt
18716536
4e9ba07603df3c4030724a420f90a874
none
text
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-41-ap-ann-table.txt
document
hf113-42-Ecology_R_and_csv.zip
R code and associated csv files to accompany Diamond et al. 2012 paper
hf113-42-Ecology_R_and_csv.zip
98835
4f0e6c606844638d50ef51cea1efd4d5
zip
R script, csv
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-42-Ecology_R_and_csv.zip
script, document
hf113-43-ICB_R_and_csv.zip
R code and associated csv files to accompany Diamond et al. 2013 paper
hf113-43-ICB_R_and_csv.zip
27710738
2696fcab298526528951e75b06022334
zip
R script, csv
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-43-ICB_R_and_csv.zip
script, document
hf113-44-ap-trans.tar
Aphaenogaster transcriptome assembly
hf113-44-ap-trans.tar
139786240
fd6dbb0b3e88e1c797c9e74611b245b2
tar
fasta
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-44-ap-trans.tar
document
hf113-45-ap-gene-exp-quant.tgz
Aphaenogaster gene expression quantification
hf113-45-ap-gene-exp-quant.tgz
933033505
26102c7ef86cf30b5f8e923640378185
gzip
text
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-45-ap-gene-exp-quant.tgz
document
hf113-46-sci-adv-R-and-data.zip
R code and associated csv files to accompany Diamond et al. 2016 paper
hf113-46-sci-adv-R-and-data.zip
89548
98bbf1b29379b46f38efb382217aa978
zip
R script, csv
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p11/hf113/hf113-46-sci-adv-R-and-data.zip
script, document
plot
long-term measurement
3,4,7,8,11,16
gallonPerMinute
kilowattHour