Harvard Forest Bibliography (by Author)



	Harvard Forest Bibliography By Author 1911. Bulletin of the Harvard Forestry Club. 1913. Bulletin of the Harvard Forestry Club. 1929. The Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts. , . 1991. Abstracts from the 2nd Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 15 February 1991.. 1992. Abstracts from the 3rd Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium January 30 1992. 1992. LTER Site Review, July 21 - July 24. , . 1993. Abstracts from the 4th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 11 February 1993. 1994. Abstracts from the 2nd Annual Harvard Forest Summer Student Symposium, 3 August 1994. 1994. Abstracts from the 5th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 25 April 1994. 1995. Abstracts from the 6th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 10 April 1995. 1996. Abstracts from the 4th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Student Symposium 9 August 1996. 1996. Abstracts from the 7th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 22 February 1996. 1997. Abstracts from the 5th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Student Symposium 6 August 1997. 1997. Abstracts from the 8th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 4 February 1997. 1998. Abstracts from the 6th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Student Symposium 11 August 1998. 1998. Abstracts from the 9th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 11 March 1998. 1999. Abstracts from the 10th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 29 March 1999. 1999. Abstracts from the 7th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium 5 August 1999. 2000. Abstracts from the 11th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 3 April 2000.. 2000. Abstracts from the 8th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Student Research Symposium, 16 August 2000. 2001. Abstracts from the 12th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium. 2001. Abstracts from the 9th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, 15 August 2001. 2002. Abstracts from the 10th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, August 14, 2002. 2002. Abstracts from the 13th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium, 28 March 2002. 2003. Abstracts from the 11th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, August 13, 2003. 2003. Abstracts from the 14th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 12 February 2003. 2004. Abstracts from the 12th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, August 19, 2004. 2004. Abstracts from the 15th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium 29 March 2004. 2005. Abstracts from the 13th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, August 18, 2005. 2005. Abstracts from the 16th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium February 23, 2005. 2006. Abstracts from the 14th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, August 17, 2006. 2006. Abstracts from the 17th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium April 12, 2006. 2007. Abstracts from the 15th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, August 16, 2007. 2007. Abstracts from the 17th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium March 27, 2007. 2008. Abstracts from the 16th Annual Harvard Forest Summer Research Symposium, August 14, 2008. 2008. Abstracts from the 19th Annual Harvard Forest Ecology Symposium March 18, 2008. Abbott, H. G. 1951. Reconnaissance of the forests of Oxford County, Maine, with special reference to the effects of fire, wind, soil and glaciation. Thesis, Harvard University. Aber, J. D. 1992. Nitrogen Cycling and Nitrogen Saturation in Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 7: 220-223. Aber, J. D. 1993. Modification of nitrogen cycling at the regional scale: the subtle effects of atmospheric deposition. In: McDonnell, M. J., Pickett, S. T. A. , Humans as Components of Ecosystems, Springer-Verlag, NY. Aber, J. D. 1997. Why don't we believe the models?. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 78: 232-233. Aber, J. D. 1998. Mostly a misunderstanding, I believe. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 79: 256-257. Aber, J. D. 2002. Nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems: current theory, remaining questions and recent advances. In: Horst, W.J., Burkert, A., Claassen, N., Flessa, H., Progress in Plant Nutrition: Plenary Lectures of the XIV International Plant Nutrition Colloquium, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Aber, J. D. 2004. Biogeochemistry: The Physiology of Ecosystems. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Aber, J. D. 2004. The long lens of history. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Aber, J. D., Currie, W. S., Castro, M. C., Martin, M., Ollinger, S. 2004. Synthesis and extrapolation: models, remote sensing and regional analysis. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Aber, J. D., Driscoll, C. T. 1997. Effects of land use, climate variation and N deposition on N cycling and C storage in northern hardwood forests. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 11: 639-648. Aber, J. D., Driscoll, C. T., Federer, C. A., Lathrop, R. G., Lovett, G., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Vogelmann, J. 1993. A strategy for the regional analysis of the effects of physical and chemical climate change on biogeographical cycles in northeastern (U.S.) forests. Ecological Modelling 67: 37-47. Aber, J. D., Federer, C. A. 1992. A generalized, lumped-parameter model of photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and net primary production in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems. Oecologia 92: 463-474. Aber, J. D., Freuder, R. 2000. Sensitivity of a forest production model to variation in solar radiation data sets for the Eastern U.S.. Climate Research 15: 33-43. Aber, J. D., Goodale, C. G., Ollinger, S. V., Hallett, R. A., Magill, A. H., Martin, M. E., Smith, M. L., Stoddard, J. L. 2003. Is nitrogen saturation occurring in northeastern forests?. Bioscience 53: 375-389. Aber, J. D., Magill, A. H. 2004. Chronic Nitrogen Additions at the Harvard Forest: The First Fifteen Years of a Nitrogen Saturation Experiment.. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 1-5. Aber, J. D., Magill, A., Boone, R. D., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Bowden, R. D. 1993. Plant and soil responses to three years of chronic nitrogen additions at the Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA. Ecological Applications 3: 156-166. Aber, J. D., Magill, A., McNulty, S. G., Boone, R. D., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Downs, M. R., Hallett, R. A. 1995. Forest biogeochemistry and primary production altered by nitrogen saturation. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 85: 1665-1670. Aber, J. D., Magill, A., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Melillo, J., Steudler, P. A., Hendricks, J. J., Bowden, R. D., Currie, W. S., McDowell, W., Berntson, G. M. 2004. Exploring the process of nitrogen saturation. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Aber, J. D., McDowell, W. H., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Magill, A. H., Berntson, G. M., Kamekea, M., McNulty, S. G., Currie, W. S., Rustad, L. E., Fernandez, I. 1998. Nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems: hypotheses revisited. BioScience 48: 921-934. Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. M., McClaugherty, C. A. 1990. Predicting long-term patterns of mass-loss, nitrogen dynamics and soil organic matter formation from initial litter chemistry in forest ecosystems. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 2201-2208. Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. M., McClaugherty, C., Eshleman, K. N. 1983. Potential Sinks For Mineralized Nitrogen Following Disturbance in Forest Ecosystems. Ecological Bulletin (Stockholm) 35: 179-192. Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. M., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Pastor, J., Boone, R. D. 1991. Factors controlling nitrogen cycling and nitrogen saturation in northern temperate forest ecosystems. Ecological Applications 1: 303-315. Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. M., Nadelhoffer, N. J., McClaugherty, C., Pastor, J. 1985. Fine Root Turnover in Forest Ecosystems in Relation to Quantity and Form of Nitrogen Availability: a Comparison of Two Methods. Oecologia 66: 317-321. Aber, J. D., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Steudler, P., Melillo, J. M. 1989. Nitrogen saturation in northern forest ecosystems - Hypotheses and implications. BioScience 39: 378-386. Aber, J. D., Ollinger, S. V., Federer, C. A., Driscoll, C. T. 1997. Modeling nitrogen saturation in forest ecosystems in response to land use and atmospheric deposition. Ecological Modelling 101: 61-78. Aber, J. D., Ollinger, S. V., Federer, C. A., Reich, P. B., Goulden, M. L., Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J. M., Lathrop, R. G. L. 1995. Predicting the effects of climate change on water yield and forest production in the northeastern U.S. Climate Research 5: 207-222. Aber, J. D., Reich, P. B., Goulden, M. I. 1996. Extrapolating leaf CO. Oecologia 106: 257-265. Aber, J. D., Wessman, C. A., Peterson, D. L., Melillo, J. M., Fownes, J. H. 1990. Remote Sensing of Litter and Soil Organic Matter Decomposition in Forest Ecosystems. In: Mooney, Hobbs, Remote Sensing of Biosphere Functioning, , . Abeysekera, R. M, Newcomb, W., Silvester, W. B., Torrey, J. G. 1990. A Freeze-Fracture Electron Microscopic Study of Frankia in Root Nodules of Alnus Incana Grown at Three Oxygen Tensions. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36: 97-108. Abrams, M. D., Orwig, D. A. 1996. A review of dendroecology and successional dynamics of old-growth and second-growth oak and pine forests in the eastern United States. In: Dean, J. S., Meko, D. M., Swetnam, T. W., Tree Rings, Environment and Humanity, Radiocarbon, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. Abrams, M. D., Orwig, D. A., Dockry, J. 1997. Dendroecology and successional status of two contrasting old-growth oak forests in the Blue Ridge Mountains, U.S.A.. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27: 994-1002. Acevedo, O. C., Fitzjarrald, D. R. 2001. The early evening surface-layer transition: temporal and spatial variability. J. Atm. Sci. 58: 2650-2667. Adair, E. C., Parton, W. J., Del Grosso, S. J., Silver, W. L., Harmon, M. E., Hall, S. A., Burke, I. C., Hart, S. C. 2008. Simple three-pool model accurately describes patterns of long-term litter decomposition in diverse climates. Global Change Biology 14: 2636-2660 . Aitkenhead-Peterson, J. A., Berntson, G. M., McDowell, W. H., Aber, J. D. 2007. Chronic carbon and nitrogen manipulation: effect on the relationships between soil C:N, soil respiration and soil solutation DOC in temperate forests. Soil Biology and Biochemistry : . Akachuku, A. E. 1991. Wood growth determined from growth ring analysis in red pine (Pinus resinosa) trees forced to lean by a hurricane. IAWA Bulletin n.s. 12: 263-274. Akachuku, A. E. 1993. Recovery and morphology of Pinus resinosa Ait. trees 50 years after they were displaced by a hurricane. Forest Ecology and Management 56: 113-129. Al-Talib, K. H., Torrey, J. G. 1959. The Aseptic Culture of Isolated Buds of Pseudotsuga Taxifolia. Plant Physiology 34: 630-637. Al-Talib, K. H., Torrey, J. G. 1961. Sclereid Distribution in the Leaves of Pseudotsuga Under Natural and Experimental Conditions. American Journal of Botany 48: 71-99. Albani, M., Medvigy, D., Hurtt, G. C., Moorcroft, P. R. 2006. The contributions of land-use change, CO. Global Change Biology 12: 2370-2390. Albani, M., Moorcroft, P. R., Ellison, A. M., Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2009. Predicting the impact of hemlock Woolly Adelgid on carbon dynamics of Eastern U.S. forests. Can. J. Forest Research : . Allen, A. 1994. Harvard Forest soil map reclassification document (with correlation tables and maps). Allen, A. 1995. Soil science and survey at Harvard Forest. Soil Survey Horizons 36: 133-142. Allen, A. E. 1922. Factors controlling the quality of the second-growth white pine in New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Allen, G. M., E.M. GouldJr 1986. Complexity, wickedness, and public forests. Journal of Forestry 84: 20-23. Allen, R. H. 1920. Eighteenth Annual Report of the State Nursery Inspector for the Year 1919. Massachusetts Department of Agriculture : 15. Allison, T. D. 1990. Pollen production and plant density affect pollination and seed production in Taxus canadensis. Ecology 71: 516-522. Allison, T. D. 1990. The influence of deer browsing on the reproductive biology of Canada yew (Taxus canadensis marsh.). II. Pollen limitation: an indirect effect. Oecologia 83: 530-534. Allison, T. D. 1991. Variation in Sex Expression in Canada Yew (Taxus canadensis). American Journal of Botany 78: 569-578. Allison, T. D. 1993. Self-fertility in Canada Yew. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 120: 115-120. Allison, T. D., Moeller, R. E. 1989. Organic Laminations and Detailed Chronology for Holocene Sediment at Pout Pond, New Hampshire, U.S.A.. Arch. Hydrobiol. 116: 161-180. Allison, T. D., Moeller, R. E., Davis, M. B. 1986. Pollen in Laminated Sediments Provides Evidence for a Mid-Holocene Forest Pathogen Outbreak. Ecology 67: 1101-1105. Almquist-Jacobson, H., Foster, D. R. 1995. Toward an Integrated Model for Raised-Bog Development: Theory and Field Evidence. Ecology 76: 2503-2516. Aloni, R., Zimmermann, M. H. 1984. Length, Width, and Pattern of Regenerative Vessels Along Strips of Vascular Tissue. Botantical Gazette 145: 50-54. Aloni, R., Zimmermann, M. H. 1983. The Control of Vessel Size and Density Along the Plant Axis. Differentiation 24: 203-208. Alstad, K. P., LAI, C-T, Flanagan, L. B., Ehleringer, J. R. 2007. Environmental controls on the carbon isotope composition of ecosystem-respired CO. Tree Physiology 27: 1361-1374. Altpeter, L. S. 1937. A history of the forests of Cape Cod. Thesis, Harvard University. Amthor, J. S., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C. 1994. Testing a mechanistic model of forest-canopy mass and energy exchange using eddy correlation: carbon dioxide and ozone uptake by a mixed oak-maple stand. Journal of Plant Physiology 21: 623-51. Anderson, J. A., Cooper-Ellis, S., Tan, B. C. 1998. New distribution notes on the mosses of Massachusetts. Rhodora 99: 352-367. Anderson, R. L. 2001. Integrating lateral expansion into models of peatland development in temperate New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Anderson, R. L., Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G. 2003. Integrating lateral expansion into models of peatland development in temperate New England. Journal of Ecology 91: 68-76. Angert, A., Barkan, E., Barnett, B., Brugnoli, E., Davidson, E. A., Fessenden, J., Maneepong, S., Panapitukkul, N., Randerson, J. T., Savage, K. E., Yakir, D., Luz, B. 2003. Contribution of soil respiration in tropical, temperate, and boreal forests to the 18O enrichment of atmospheric O2. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 17: 1089 doi:10.1029/2003GB002056. Anonymous 1907. A Harvard University Forest. Woodland & Roadside VI: 68-70. Anonymous 1908. Seventeenth Annual Report of the Trustees of Public Reservations 1907. Anonymous 1924. Catalog of Representative Operations on the Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts. Being brief accounts of selected cuttings, plantations, sample plots, forest types, etc. illustrating the development of forest management.. Anonymous 1932. The Harvard Forest fire study, conducted by C.C. Averill and L.M. Frost. National Fire Protection Association 25: 250-255. Anonymous 1936. Summary of research and other activities at the Harvard Forest, 1907-1936, Mimeo. : . Anonymous 1939. Soils and Forest Conference, June 5-8, 1939, Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts, Mimeo. : 12 pp.. Anonymous 1944. Cases in silvicultural history, Harvard Forest, Mimeo. : . Anonymous 1944. The University - Harvard's Botanical Empire. Harvard Alumni Bulletin 46: 269. Anonymous 1954. Photo feature on Harvard Forest (no author cited). Harvard Alumni Bulletin : . Anonymous 1954. Progress report on the chemical control of hardwoods at the Harvard Forest, Mimeo. : 9 pp.. Anonymous 1954. The Harvard conference on forest production. Harvard Alumni Bulletin 56: 513-519. Anonymous 1975. The Harvard Forest Models. Anonymous 2005. National Woodlands (cites Harvard Forest Firetower and photo). Antibus, R. K., Linkins III, A. E. 1992. Effects of Liming a Red Pine Forest Floor on Mycorrhizal Numbers and Mycorrhizal and Soil Acid Phosphatase Activities. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 24: 479-487. Asner, G. P., Ollinger, S. V. 2008. Remote Sensing for Terrestrial Biogeochemical Modeling. In: Warner, T., Nellis, M. D. , Foody, G., The Handbook of Remote Sensing, SAGE Publications, United Kingdom. Atwater, D. Z., Butler, J. L., Ellison, A. M. 2006. Spatial distribution and impacts of moth herbivory on northern pitcher plants. Northeastern Naturalist 13: 43-56. Austin, E. 2006. Roots: The Autotrophic Component of Soil Respiration (Watching the whole world breathe). Thesis, Hampshire College. Averill, C. C., Frost, L. M. 1933. Some Factors Underlying Forest Fire Insurance in Massachusetts. Harvard Forest Bulletin 17: 80. Averill, R. C., Averill, W. B., Stevens, W. I. 1923. A Statistical Forest Survey of Seven Towns in Central Massachusetts. Harvard Forest Bulletin 6: 39. Bailey, I. W. 1910. Notes on the Wood Structure of the Betulaceae and Fagaceae. Forestry Quarterly 8: 178-185. Bailey, I. W. 1913. The Preservative Treatment of Wood. Forestry Quarterly 11: . Bailey, I. W. 1917. The Role of the Microscope in the Identification and Classification of the"Timbers of Commerce". Journal of Forestry 15: 176-191. Bailey, I. W., Heald, P. C. 1914. Graded volume tables for Vermont hardwoods. Forestry Quarterly 12: 5-23. Baillie, I. C., Ashton, P. S., Chin, S. P., Davies, S. J., Palmioto, P. A., Russo, S .E., Tan, S. 2006. Spatial Associations of Humus, Nutrients and Soils in Mixed Dipterocarp Forest at Lambir, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Journal of Tropical Ecology 22: 543-553. Bain, W. G. 2002. Wind-induced systematic error in the closed dynamic chamber soil respiration measurement method. Thesis, Harvard University. Bain, W. G., Hutyra, L. R., Patterson, D. C., Bright, A. V., Daube, B. C., Munger, J. W. , Wofsy, S. C. 2005. Wind-induced error in the measurement of soil respiration using closed dynamic chambers. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 131: 225-232. Baker, D. D., Newcomb, W., Torrey, J. G. 1980. Characterization of an Ineffective Actinorhizal Microsymbiont, Frankia sp. EuIl (Actinomycetales). Canadian Journal of Microbiology 26: 1072-1089. Baker, D. D., Torrey, J. G. 1990. Symbiotic Apects of the Actinorhizal Casuarinaceae. In: El-Lakany, M. H., Turnbull, J. W., Brewbaker, J. L., Advances in Casuarina Research and Utilization, American University, Cairo, Egypt.. Baker, D., Torrey, J. G. 1979. The Isolation and Cultivation of Actinomycetous Root Nodule Endophytes. In: Gordon, J. C., Wheeler, C. T., Perry, D. A., Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in the Management of Temperate Forests., Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.. Baker, D., Torrey, J. G. 1980. Characterization of an Effective Actinorhizal Microsymbiont, Frankia sp. AvcIl (Actinomycetales). Canadian Journal of Microbiology 26: 1066-1071. Baker, G. Y. 1910. Forestry resources of the world. Thesis, Harvard University . Baker, W. L., Cline, A. C. 1936. A Study of the Gypsy Moth in the Town of Petersham, Massachusetts in 1936. Journal of Forestry 34: 759-765. Bakwin, P. S., Davis, K. J., Yi , C. , Wofsy, S. C., Munger, J. W., Haszpra, L., Barcza, Z. 2004. Regional carbon dioxide fluxes from mixing ratio data. Tellus 56B: 301-311. Balfour, R. P. 2007. The Impact of Changes in Average Winter Temperatures and Habitat Modification on Populations of Terrestrial Birds Over-wintering in Inland Areas of Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Baltaxe, R. 1976. A preliminary investigation of mapping land use and vegetation in Sierra Leona by computer processing landsat data. Thesis, Harvard University. Bank, M. S., Burgess, J., Evers, D., Loftin, C. S. 2007. Mercury contamination in biota from Acadia National Park, Maine, USA: a review. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment (Special Nitrogen & Mercury Biogeochemistry in Acadia National Park Issue) 126: 105-115. Bank, M. S., Crocker, J. B., Davis, S., Brotherton, D., Cook, R., Behler, J., Connery, B. 2009. Population Decline of Northern Dusky Salamanders at Acadia National Park, Maine, USA. . Biological Conservation 130: 230-233. Bank, M. S., Crocker, J., Connery, B., Amirbahman, A. 2007. Mercury bioaccumulation in green frog and bullfrog tadpoles from Acadia National Park, Maine, USA. Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 26: 230-238. Bank, M. S., Lotfin, C. S., Jung, E. R. 2005. Mercury bioaccumulations in Northern two-lined salamanders from streams of the Northeastern United States. Excotoxicology 14: 181-191. Barford, C. C. 1997. Stable isotope dynamics of denitrification. Thesis, Harvard University. Barford, C. C., Wofsy, S. C., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Hammond-Pyle, E., Urbanski, S. P., Hutyra, L. R., Saleska, S. R., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Moore, K. 2001. Factors controlling long- and short-term sequestration of atmospheric CO. Science 294: 1688-1691. Barford, C. C., Wofsy, S. C., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Pyle, E. H., Urbanski, S. P., Hutyra, L. R., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Moore, K. 2001. Factors controlling long-term rates and inter-annual variations of CO. Proceedings of American Geophysical Union Conference. Boston, MA. Barker Plotkin, A., Foster, D. R. 2006. Sustaining long-term research through changing times at the Harvard Forest. In: Irland, L. C., Camp, A. E. , Brissette, J. C. , Donohew, Z. R. , Long-term Silvicultural & Ecological Studies: Results for Science and Management, , GISF Research Paper 005, Yale University. Barker, M. G., Perez-Salicrup, D. 2000. Comparative water relations of mature mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) trees with and without lianas in a subhumid, seasonally dry forest in Bolivia. Tree Physiology 20: 1167-1174. Barnes, D. H. 2000. Quantifying Urban/Industrial Emissions of Greenhouse and Ozone-depleting Gases Based on Atmospheric Observations. Thesis, Harvard University. Barnes, D. H., Wofsy, S. C., Fehlau, B. P., Gottlieb, E. W., Elkins, J. W., Dutton, G. S. , Montzka, S. A. 2003. Urban/industrial pollution for the New York City - Washington, DC, corridor, 1996-1998: 2. A study of the efficacy of the Montreal Protocol and other regulatory measures. Journal Of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres : 4186 (ISI:000182818000002). Barnes, D. H., Wofsy, S. C., Fehlau, B. P., Gottlieb, E. W., Elkins, J. W., Dutton, G. S., Montzka, S. A. 2003. Urban/industrial pollution for the New York City - Washington, DC, corridor, 1996-1998: 1. Providing independent verification of CO and PCE emissions inventoriesUrban/industrial pollution for the New York City - Washington, DC, corridor, 1996-1998. Journal Of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 108: 4185 (ISI:000182818000001). Barnes, D. H., Wofsy, S. C., Fehlau, B. P., Gottlieb, E. W., Elkins, J. W., Dutton, G. S., Novelli, P. C. 2003. Hydrogen in the atmosphere: Observations above a forest canopy in a polluted environment. Journal Of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 108: 4197 (ISI:000182818300001). Barraclough, K. E. 1940. Cooperative marketing of farm forest products and establishment of sustained yield management within a working cycle. Thesis, Harvard University. Barraclough, S. L., Gould Jr., E. M. 1951. A Preliminary Appraisal of New Hampshire's Forest-Yield Tax. , . Barraclough, S. L., Gould Jr., E. M. 1955. Economic Analysis of Farm Operating Units. Harvard Forest Bulletin 26: 145. Bass, P., Miller, R. B. 1985. Functional and Ecological Wood Anatomy. Proceedings of The Martin H. Zimmermann Memorial Sympsoium. Leiden, The Netherlands. Bassow, S. L. 1995. Canopy photosynthesis and carbon cycling in a deciduous forest: implications of species composition and rising concentrations of CO2.. Thesis, Harvard University. Bassow, S. L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Intra- and inter-specific variation in canopy photosynthesis in a mixed deciduous forest. Oecologia 109: 507-515. Bassow, S. L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. How environmental conditions affect leaf-level photosynthesis in four deciduous tree species. Ecology 79: 2660-2675. Bassow, S. L., McConnaughay, K. D. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1994. The response of temperate tree seedlings grown in elevated CO2 to extreme temperature events. Ecological Applications 4: 593-603. Bauer, G. A., Bazzaz, F. A., Minocha, R., Long, S., Magill, A., Aber, J. D., Berntson, G. M. 2004. Effects of chronic N additions on tissue chemistry, photosynthetic capacity, and carbon sequestration potential of a red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) stand in the NE United States. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 173-186. Bauer, G. A., Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 2001. The effect of elevated CO2 and increased N availability on regenerating temperate forest communities: biochemical versus stomatal limitation of photosynthesis. New Phytologist 152: 249-266. Bawa, S. B., Torrey, J. G. 1971. "Budding" and Nuclear Division in Cultured Protoplasts of Corn, Convolvulus, and Onion. The Botanical Gazette 132: 240-245. Bazzaz, F. A 1993. Scaling in biological systems: Population and community perspectives. In: Ehleringer, J. R., Field, C. B. , Scaling Physiological Processes: Leaf to Globe, Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, CA. Bazzaz, F. A. 1989. The Response of a Northeastern Hardwood Forest Ecosystem to Elevated Atmospheric CO2: Tree Regeneration in a Changing Environment. EPRI RFP3041-2 proposal : . Bazzaz, F. A. 1990. Plant-plant interaction in successional environments. In: Grace, J. B. , Tilman, G. D. , Perspectives on Plant Competition, Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Bazzaz, F. A. 1990. The response of natural ecosystems to the rising global CO2 levels. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 21: 167-196. Bazzaz, F. A. 1991. Habitat selection in plants. American Naturalist 137: S116-S130. Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Plants in Changing Environments: Linking Physiological, Population, and Community Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Allocation of resources in plants: state-of-the-science and critical questions. In: Bazzaz, F. A., Grace, J., Plant Resource Allocation, Physiological Ecology Series of Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Tropical forests in a changing climate: the future of biological diversity and impact on carbon cycle. In: S. H. Schneider, Climate Change, Special Issue: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Tropical Forest Ecosystems, Kluwer Academic Publishers, London. Bazzaz, F. A., Bassow, S. L., Berntson, G. M., Thomas, S. C. 1996. Elevated CO. In: Walker, B. H., Steffen, W. , Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY. Bazzaz, F. A., Catovsky, S. 2001. Resource partitioning. In: Levin, S., Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Academic Press, San Diego. Bazzaz, F. A., Catovsky, S. 2002. Impacts of global change on plants: from cells to ecosystems. In: Mooney, H. A., Canadell, J., Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., London. Bazzaz, F. A., Ceballos, G., Davis, M. B., Dirzo, R., Ehrlich, P. R., Eisner, T., Levin, S., Lawton, J. H., Lubchenco, J., Matson, P. A., Mooney, H. A., Raven, P. H., Roughgarden, J. E., Sarukhan, J., Toam, G. D., Vitousek, P. M., Walker, B. H., Wall, D. H., Wilson, E. O., Woodwell, G. M. 1998. Editorial- Ecological science and the human predicament. Science 282: 879. Bazzaz, F. A., Coleman, J. S., Morse, S. R. 1990. Growth response of seven major co-occurring tree species of the northeastern United States to elevated CO2. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20: 1479-1484. Bazzaz, F. A., Fajer, E. D. 1992. Plant life in a CO2-rich world. Scientific American 266: 68-77. Bazzaz, F. A., Grace, J. 1997. Plant Resource Allocation. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Bazzaz, F. A., Miao, S. L. 1993. Successional status, seed size, and responses of tree seedlings to CO2, light, and nutrients. Ecology 74: 104-112. Bazzaz, F. A., Sipe, T. W. 1987. Physiological Ecology, Disturbance, and Ecosystem Recovery. In: Schulze, E. D., Zwolfer, H., Potentials and Limitations of Ecosystem Analysis, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Bazzaz, F. A., Sombroek, W. G. 1996. Global Climate Change and Agricultural Production. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., England. Bazzaz, F. A., Sombroek, W. G. 1996. Global climate change and agricultural production: an assessment of current knowledge and critical gaps. In: , Global Change and Agricultural Production, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., England. Bazzaz, F. A., Stinson, K. A. 2000. Genetic versus environmental control of ecophysiological processes: some challenges for predicting community responses to global change. In: Press, M. C., Scholes, J. D., Barker, M. G., Physiological Plant Ecology, Blackwell Science, U. K.. Bazzaz, F. A., Wayne, P. M. 1994. Coping with environmental heterogeneity: the physiological ecology of tree seeding regeneration across the gap-understory continuum. In: Caldwell, M., Pearcy, R, Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants: Ecophysiological Processes Above and Below Ground, Academic Press, . Behre, C. E., Cline, A. C., Baker, W. L. 1936. Silvicultural control of the gypsy moth. Massachusetts Forest and Park Association Bulletin No. 157 : 16 pp. Belin, D. L., Kittredge, D. B., Stevens, T. H. , Dennis, D. C., Schweik, C. M. , Morzuch, B. J. 2005. Assessing Private Forest Owner Attitudes Toward Ecosystem-Based Management. Journal of Forestry 103: 28-33. Bell, S. 2000. Microbial nitrogen utilization under nitrogen-saturation conditions in temperate forests. Thesis, University of Oregon. Bell, A. 1980. The Vascular Pattern of a Rhizomatous Ginger (Alpinia speciosa L. Zingiberaceae). 2. The Rhizome. Annals of Botany 46: 213-220. Bell, A. D. 1974. Rhizome Organization in Relation to Vegetative Spread in Medeola Virginiana. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 55: 458-468. Bell, A. D., Tomlinson, P. B. 1980. Adaptive Architecture in Rhizomatous Plants. Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society 79: 125-180. Bell, M. M. 1989. Did New England go downhill?. Geographical Review 79: 450-466. Bellemare, J. 2002. Environmental and historical controls on the distribution and variation of rich mesic forests in western Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Bellemare, J., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2002. Legacies of the agricultural past in the forested present: an assessment of historical land-use effects on rich mesic forests. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1401-1420. Bellemare, J., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2005. Rich mesic forests: edaphic and physiographic drivers of community variation in western Massachusetts. Rhodora 107: 239-283. Bennett, K. F., Ellison, A. M. 2009. Nectar, not colour, may lure insects to their death.. Biology Letters : doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0161. Berg, B., McClaugherty, C. 2003. Plant Litter: Decomposition, Humus Formation, Carbon Sequestration. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Berlik, M. M. 1999. The illusion of conservation. An environmental argument for forest cutting in Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Berlik, M. M., Kittredge, D. B., Foster, D. R. 2002. The illusion of preservation: a global environmental argument for the local production of natural resources. Harvard Forest Paper 26: . Berlik, M. M., Kittredge, D. B., Foster, D. R. 2002. The illusion of preservation: a global environmental argument for the local production of natural resources. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1557-1568. Berliner, R., Torrey, J. G. 1989. On tripartite Frankia - mycorrhizal associations in the Myricaceae. Canadian Journal of Botany 67: 1708-1712. Berliner, R., Torrey, J. G. 1989. Studies on mycorrhizal associations in Harvard Forest, Massachusetts. Canadian Journal of Botany 67: 2245-2251. Bernardos, D., Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G., Cardoza, J. 2004. Wildlife dynamics in the changing New England landscape. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Berntson, G. M. 1996. Root growth and nitrogen cycling in temperate deciduous forests in an elevated CO2 world. Thesis, Harvard University. Berntson, G. M. 1997. Topological scaling and plant root system architecture: developmental and functional hierarchies. New Phytologist 135: 621-634. Berntson, G. M., Aber, J. D. 2000. Fast nitrate immobilization in N-saturated temperate forest soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 151-156. Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Belowground positive and negative feedbacks on CO2 growth enhancement. Plant and Soil 187: 119-131. Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. The allometry of root production and loss in seedlings of Acer rubrum (Aceraceae) and Betula papyrifera (Betulaceae): implications for root dynamics in elevated CO2. American Journal of Botany 83: 608-616. Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Elevated CO2 and the magnitude and seasonal dynamics of root production and loss in Betula papyrifera. Plant and Soil 190: 211-216. Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Nitrogen cycling in microcosms of yellow birch exposed to elevated CO2: simultaneous positive and negative belowground feedbacks. Global Change Biology 3: 247-258. Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Regenerating temperate forest microcosms in elevated CO2: species composition, belowground growth and nitrogen cycling. Oecologia 113: 115-125. Berntson, G. M., Lynch, J. P., Snapp, S. 1998. Fractal geometry and the description of plant root systems: current perspectives and future applications. In: Baveye, Parlage, Smith, Chaos and Fractals in Soil Science, CRC Press, Boca Raton. Berntson, G. M., Rajakaruna, N., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Species- and community-level growth and nitrogen acquisition in elevated CO2 atmospheres in an experimental annual community. Global Change Biology 4: 101-120. Berntson, G. M., Stoll, P. 1997. Correcting for finite spatial scales of self-similarity when calculating the fractal dimensions of real-world structures. Proceedings of Royal Society, Biological Sciences 264: 1531-1537. Berntson, G. M., Wayne, P. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Belowground architectural and mycorrhizal responses to elevated CO2 in Betula alleghaniensis populations. Functional Ecology 11: 684-695. Berry, A. M., McIntyre, L., McCully, M. E. 1986. Fine Structure of Root Hair Infection Leading to Nodulation in the Frankia--Alnus Symbiosis. Canadian Journal of Botany 64: 292-305. Berry, A. M., Torrey, J. G. 1979. Isolation and Characterization In Vivo and In Vitro of an Actinomycetous Endophyte from Alnus rubra Bong. In: Gordon, J. C., Wheeler, C. T., Perry, D. A., Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in the Management of Temperate Forests, Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory, . Berry, A. M., Torrey, J. G. 1983. Root Hair Deformation in the Infection Process of Alnus rubra. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 2863-2876. Berry, A. M., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Seed Germination, Seedling Inoculation and Establishment of Alnus spp. in Containers in Greenhouse Trials. Plant and Soil 87: 161-173. Berry, A. M., Torrey, J. G., McCully, M. E. 1983. The Fine Structure of the Root Hair Wall and Surface Mucilage in the Actinorhizal Host, Alnus rubra. In: Goldberg, R. B., Plant Molecular Biology, A.R. Liss, Inc., New York. Bertin, R. I., DeGasperis, B. G., Sabloff, J. M. 2006. Land Use and Forest History in an Urban Sanctuary in Central Massachusetts. Rhodora 108: 119-141. Bess, H. A., Spurr, S. H., Littlefield, E. W. 1947. Forest Site Conditions and the Gypsy Moth. Harvard Forest Bulletin 22: 56. Binzen, Timothy L. 2009. The Sanderson Tannery Historical Site at the Harvad Forest: An Archaeological and Historical Baseline, Petersham, Massaschusetts. Bishop, G. D., Church, M. R., Aber, J. D., Neilson, R. P., Ollinger, S. V., Daley, C. 1998. A comparison of mapped estimates of long-term runoff in the northeastern United States. Journal of Hydrology 206: 176-190. Black, J. D. 1942. The Farmer's Interest in Wages and Earnings. Land Policy Review 5: 17-20. Black, J. D., Brinser, A. 1952. Planning One Town, Petersham, A Hill Town in Massachusetts. Blackman, R. 2000. The determination of the relationship between wood respiration and sapwood temperature in an old growth eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stand. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Bledzki, L. A., Ellison, A. M. 2003. Diversity of rotifers from northeastern USA bogs with new species records for North America and New England. Hydrobiologica 497: 53-62. Bliss, J., Aplet, G., Hartzell, C., Harwood, P., Jahnige, P., Kittredge, D. B., Lewandowski, S., Soscia, M. L. 2001. Community-based Ecosystem Monitoring. Journal of Sustainable Forestry 12: 143-167. Blodget, B. G. 1998. Boom Times for the Big Cranky. Massachusetts Wildlife : 17-25. Bolster, K. L., Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D. 1996. Interactions between precision and generality in the development of calibrations for the determination of carbon fraction and nitrogen concentration in foliage by near infrared reflectance. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26: 590-600. Bond, R. S. 1998. Professional Forestry, forestry education and research. In: Foster, C.H.W., Stepping Back to Look Forward - a History of the Massachusetts Forest, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA. Bonitti, E. E., Decant, J. P., Munson, S. M, Gathany, M. A., Przeszlowska, A., Haddix, M. L., Owens, S., Burke, I. C., Parton, W. J., Harmon, M. E. 2009. Litter decomposition in grasslands of Central North America (US Great Plains). Global Change Biology 15: 1356-1363. Bonnett Jr., H. T., Torrey, J. G. 1965. A Comparison of the Application of Several Histological Procedures to Mature Primary Root Tissue. Protoplasma 60: 310-313. Bonnett Jr., H. T., Torrey, J. G. 1965. Auxin Transport in Convolvulus Roots Cultured In Vitro. Plant Physiology 40: 813-818. Bonnett Jr., H. T., Torrey, J. G. 1965. Chemical Control of Organ Formation In Root Segments of Convolvulus Cultured In Vitro. Plant Physiology 40: 1228-1236. Bonnett Jr., H. T., Torrey, J. G. 1966. Comparative Anatomy of Endogenous Bud and Lateral Root Formation in Convolvulus Arvensis Roots Cultured In Vitro. American Journal of Botany 53: 496-507. Boone, R. D. 1992. Influence of Sampling Date and Substrate on Nitrogen Mineralization: Comparison of Laboratory-Incubation and Buried-Bag Methods For Two Massachusetts Forest Soils. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22: 1895-1990. Boone, R. D., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Canary, J. D., Kaye, J. P. 1998. Roots determine the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration. Nature 396: 571-572. Boose, E. R. 2003. Hurricane impacts in New England and Puerto Rico. In: Greenland, D., Goodin, G., Smith, R. C., Climate Variability and Ecosystem Response at Long-term Ecological Research Sites, Oxford University Press, U.K.. Boose, E. R. 2004. A historical-modeling method for reconstructing hurricane impacts. In: Murnane, R., Liu, K., Hurricanes and Typhoons: Past, Present and Future, Columbia University Press, New York. Boose, E. R., Boose, E. F., Lezberg, A. L. 1998. A practical method for mapping trees using distance measurements. Ecology 79: 819-827. Boose, E. R., Chamberlin, K. E., Foster, D. R. 1997. Reconstructing historical hurricanes in New England. Proceedings of 22nd Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology. Boston, MA. Boose, E. R., Chamberlin, K. E., Foster, D. R. 2001. Landscape and regional impacts of hurricanes in New England. Ecological Monographs 7: 27-48. Boose, E. R., Ellison, A. M. , Osterweil, L. J. , Podorozhny, R. , Clarke, L. , Wise, A. , Hadley, J. L. , Foster, D. R. 2007. Ensuring Reliable Datasets for Environmental Models and Forecasts. Ecological Informatics 2: 237-247. Boose, E. R., Ellison, A. M., Osterweil, L. J., Podorozhny, R., Clarke, L., Wise, A., Hadley, J. L., Foster, D. R. 2007. Data provenance and reliability in sensor networks. Proceedings of Conference on Coastal Environmental Sensing Networks. Boston, MA. Boose, E. R., Ellison, A. M., Osterweil, L. J., Podorozhny, R., Clarke, L., Wise, A., Hadley, J. L., Foster, D. R. 2007. Ensuring Reliable Datasets for Environmental Models and Forecasts. Proceedings of Novel Concepts of Ecological Data Management, Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Ecological Informatics. . Boose, E. R., Foster, D. R., Barker Plotkin, A., Hall, B. 2003. Geographical and historical variation in hurricanes across the Yucatan Peninsula. In: Gómez-Pompa, A., Allen, M. F., Fedick, S. L., Jiménez, J. J., Lowland Maya Area: Three Millennia at the Human-Wildland Interface, Haworth Press, New York. Boose, E. R., Foster, D. R., Fluet, M. 1994. Hurricane impacts to tropical and temperate forest landscapes. Ecological Monographs 64: 369-400. Boose, E. R., Serrano, M. I., Foster, D. R. 2004. Landscape and regional impacts of hurricanes in Puerto Rico. Ecological Monographs 74: 335-352. Borken, W., Davidson, E. A. , Savage, K. E. , Sundquist, E. T. , Stuedler, P. 2006. Effect of summer throughfall exclusion, summer drought, and winter snow cover on methane fluxes in a temperate forest soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 38: 1388-1395. Borken, W., Davidson, E. A., Savage, K. E., Gaudinski, J. B., Trumbore, S. E. 2003. Drying and wetting effects on carbon dioxide release from organic horizons. Soil Science Society of America Journal 67: 1888-1896. Borken, W., Savage, K. E., Davidson, E. A., Trumbore, S. E. 2006. Effects of experimental drought on soil respiration and radiocarbon efflux from a temperate forest soil. Global Change Biology 12: 177-193. Bormann, F. H., Berlyn, G. 1980. Age and growth rate of tropical trees. Proceedings of Proceedings of the workshop on age and growth rate determination for tropical trees - April 1-3, 1980. Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts. Bowden, R. D., Castro, M. C., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Aber, J. D. 1993. Fluxes of greenhouse gases between soils and the atmosphere in a temperate forest following a simulated hurricane blowdown. Biogeochemistry 21: 61-71. Bowden, R. D., Davidson, E. A., Savage, K. E., Arabia, C., Steudler, P. A. 2004. Chronic nitrogen additions reduce total soil respiration and microbial respiration in temperate forest soils at the Harvard Forest.. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 43-56. Bowden, R. D., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Aber, J. D. 1991. Effects of nitrogen additions on annual nitrous oxide fluxes from temperate forest soils in the northeastern United States. Journal of Geophysical Research 96: 9321-9328. Bowden, R. D., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Boone, R. D., Melillo, J. M., Garrison, J. B. 1993. Contributions of aboveground litter, belowground litter, and root respiration to total soil respiration in a temperate mixed hardwood forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 123: 1402-1407. Bowden, R. D., Newkirk, K. M., Rullo, G. M. 1998. Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes by a forest soil under laboratory-controlled moisture and temperature conditions. Soil Biology Biochemistry 30: 1591-1597. Bowden, R. D., Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. M., Aber, J. D. 1990. Annual nitrous oxide fluxes from temperate forest soils in the northeastern United States. Journal of Geophysical Research 95: 13997-14005. Bowes, B. G., Callaham, D., Torrey, J. G. 1977. Time-lapse photographic observations of morphogenesis in root nodules of Comptonia peregrina. American Journal of Botany 64: 516-525. Bowes, B. G., Torrey, J. G. 1976. Ultrastructural changes in cells of pea root cortical explants cultured in vitro. Protoplasma 90: 99-118. Bowman, D. 1995. Down in the forest something stirred.... New Scientist December 9: 54. Bradford, M. A., Davies, C. A., Frey, S. D., Maddox, T. R., Melillo, J. M. , Mohan, J., Reynolds, J. F., Treseder, K. K., Wallenstein, M. D. 2008. Thermal adaptation of soil microbial respiration to elevated temperature. Ecology Letters 11: 1316-1327. Bradshaw, R. H. W., Miller, N.G. 1988. Recent successional processes investigated by pollen analysis of closed-canopy forest sites. Vegetatio 76: 45-54. Brake, R. W., Post, H. A. 1941. Natural restocking of hurricane damaged old field white pine areas in north central Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Breckenridge, C. G., Hosley, N. W. 1932. A complete survey of the Harvard Forest plantations: 1909-1931. Thesis, Harvard University. Briggs, J. M., Schaafsma, H., Trenkov, D. 2006. Woody vegetation expansion in a desert grassland: Preshistoric human impact?. Journal of Arid Environments : doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.10.012. Brinser, A., Raup, H. M. 1958. The Land Use and Conservation Program at Harvard. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 13: 269-271. Brown Jr., C. T., Rose, R. C., Spurr, S. H. 1947. The dial gauge dendrometer as a tool in silvicultural research. Journal of Forestry 45: 102-104. Brubaker, L. B., McLachlan, J. S. 1996. Landscape Diversity and Vegetation Response to Long-term Climate Change in the Eastern Olympic Peninsula, Pacific Northwest, USA. In: Walker, B., Steffen, W., Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Ch. 11, Cambridge University Press., New York, NY. Brues, C. T. 1933. Progressive change in the insect population of forests since the early Tertiary. American Naturalist LXVII: 385-406. Brues, C. T. 1947. Changes in the insect fauna of a New England woodland following the application of DDT. Harvard Forest Paper 1: 18. Bryant, A. 2000. Sustainable forest management and forest certification on the Southern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Thesis, Oregon State University. Bryant, W. S. 2006. John C. Goodlett (1922-1967) Botanist, Plant Geographer, and Teacher. Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science 67: 3-8. Buckingham, F. M. 1950. The use of aerial photographs in forest management, Slab City IX and X. Thesis, Harvard University. Buckley, H. L., Miller, T. E., Ellison, A. M., Gotelli, N. J. 2003. Reverse latitudinal trends in species richness of pitcher-plant food webs. Ecology Letters 6: 825-829. Burleigh, S., Torrey, J. G. 1990. Effectiveness of different Frankia cell types as inocula for the actinorhizal plant Casuarina. Applied and Environmental Microbiology August: 2565-2567. Burls, K., McClaugherty, C. 2008. Landscape Position Influences the Distribution of Garlic Mustard, an Invasive Species. Northeastern Naturalist 15: 541-556. Burton, A. J., Melillo, J. M., Frey, S. D. 2008. Adjustment of Forest Ecosystem Root Respiration as Temperature Warms. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 50: 1462-1483. Burton, P. J. 2005. Ecosystem management and conservation biology. In: Watts, S. B. , Tolland, L. , Forestry Handbook for British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.. Burton, P. J., Messier, C., Smith, D. W. , Adamowicz, W. L. 2003. Towards Sustainable Management of the Boreal Forest. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario. Busby, P. E. 2006. American beech in coastal New England: forest history and dynamics. Thesis, Harvard University. Busby, P. E., Canham, C. D., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2009. Forest response to chronic hurricane disturbance in coastal New England. Journal of Vegetation Science 20: 487-497. Busby, P. E., Motzkin, G. 2009. Dwarf beech forests in coastal New England: topographic and edaphic controls on variation in forest structure. American Midland Naturalist 162: 180-194. Busby, P. E., Motzkin, G., Boose, E. R. 2008. Landscape-level variation in forest response to hurricane disturbance across a storm track. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38: 2942-2950. Busby, P. E., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2008. Multiple and interacting disturbances lead to Fagus grandifolia dominance in coastal New England. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 135: 346-359. Busby, P. E., Motzkin, G., Hall, B. 2009. Distribution and Dynamics of American Beech in Coastal Southern New England.. Northeastern Naturalist 16: 159-176. Busby, P. E., Swanson, F. J. 2003. Record of Public Communications for the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. Butler, J., Atwater, D. Z., Ellison, A. M. 2005. Red-spotted Newts: An Unusual Nutrient Source for Northern Picher Plants. Northeastern Naturalist 12: 1-10. Butler, J. L., Ellison, A. M. 2007. Nitrogen cycling dynamics in the carnivorous northern pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea. Functional Ecology 21: 835-843. Butler, J. L., Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2008. Linking the Brown and Green: Nutrient Transformation and Fate in the Sarracenia Microecosystem. Ecology 89: 898-907. Bürgi, M. 1998. Bestandesgeschichte des Bulacher Hards--was bringt der Einsatz von GIS?. Schweiz. Z. Forstwes. 149: 263-283. Bürgi, M. 1998. Habitat Alterations Caused by Long-term Changes in Forest Use in Northeastern Switzerland. In: Kirby, K. J., Watkins, C., The Ecological History of European Forests, Cab International Publication, . Bürgi, M. 1998. Wie veränderte sich der Wald als Lebensraum im 19. und 20. Jahrundert? - ein Fallbeispiel aus dem Zürcher Unterund Weinland. Schweiz Z. Forstwes. 149: 758-769. Bürgi, M., Russell, E. W. B. 2000. Evaluating accuracy of two types of early land survey records in the northeastern United States. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 127: 94-98. Bürgi, M., Russell, E. W. B., Motzkin, G. 2000. Effects of postsettlement human activities on forest composition in the northeastern United States: a comparative approach. Journal of Biogeography 27: 1123-1128. Callaham, D. A., Torrey, J. G. 1981. The structural basis for infection of root hairs of Trifolium repens by Rhizobium. Canadian Journal of Botany 59: 1647-1664. Callaham, D., Newcomb,W. , Torrey, J. G., Peterson, R. L. 1979. Root hair infection in actinomycete induced root nodule initiation in Casuarina, Myrica, and Comptonia. Botanical Gazette 140(S): 1-9. Callaham, D., Torrey, J. G. 1977. Prenodule formation and primary nodule development in roots of Comptonia (Myricaceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 55: 2306-2318. Callaham, D., Torrey, J. G., Del Tredici, P. 1978. Isoloation and cultivation in vitro of the actinomycete causing root nodulation in Comptonia. Science 199: 899-902. Callahan, H. S., Del Fierro, K. , Patterson, A. E., Zafar, H. 2008. Impacts of elevated nitrogen inputs on oak reproductive and seed ecology. Global Change Biology 14: 285-293. Callaway, R. M., Cipollini, D. , Barto, K. , Thelen, G. C. , Hallett, S. G. , Prati, D., Stinson, K. A., Klironomos, J. N. 2008. Novel Weapons: Invasive Plant Suppresses Fungal Mutualists in America but not in its Native Europe. Ecology 89: 1043-1055. Cameron, R. C. 1948. A comparative study of aerial photographs for forest photo-interpetation, Slab City IX. Thesis, Harvard University. Campbell, J. L., Rustad, L. E., Boyer, E. W., Christopher, S. F. , Driscoll, C. T., Fernandez, I. J., Groffman, P. M., Houle, D., Kiekbusch, J., Magill, A. H., Mitchell, M. J., Ollinger, S. V. 2008. Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America. Canadian Journal of Forest Research : . Campbell, S. M., Kittredge, D. B. 1996. Ecosystem-based management on multiple NIPF ownerships. Journal of Forestry February: 24-29. Carlton, C. G., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Regeneration of three sympatric birch species on experimental hurricane blowdown microsites. Ecological Monographs 68: 99-120. Carlton, G. 1993. Effects of microsite environment on tree regeneration following disturbance. Thesis, Harvard University. Carlton, G. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1988. Resource Congruence and Forest Regeneration Following An Experimental Hurricane Blowdown. Ecology 79: 1305-1319. Carlton, G. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Resource availability, heterogeneity, and congruence following simulated hurricane blowdown of a temperate forest. Ecology 79: 1305-1319. Caron, C. E. 1986. The light environment of red oak and white pine stands and its effect on the growth of red oak advanced reproduction in central New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Carpenter, D. N. 2008. Regional and Historical Influences on Exotic Plant Invasions. The Ecological Drivers of Alliaria petiolata Invasion in Western Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard College. Carr, J. A. 1950. An investigation into the financial aspects of silvicultural thinning. Thesis, Harvard University. Carter, E. E. 1913. A volume table for red maple on the Harvard Forest. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 2: 1-8. Carter, E. E. 1916. Hylobius pales as a factor in the reproduction of conifers in New England. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters 11: 297-307. Cary, A. 1906. Unprofessional forestry. Forestry Quarterly 4: 183-187. Cary, A. 1908. Influence of lumbering upon forestry. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters 3: 67-81. Cary, A. 1909. A Manual for Northern Woodsmen. Harvard University Press, Cambridge. Castro, M. S., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Chapman, J. W. 1995. Soil moisture as a predictor of methane uptake by temperate forest soils. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24: 1805-1810. Castro, M. S., Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. M. , Aber, J. D. , Millham, S. E. 1993. Exchange of N2O and CH4 between the atmosphere and soils in spruce-fir forests in the northeastern United States. Biogeochemistry 18: 119-135. Castro, M. S., Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. M., Aber, J. D., Bowden, R. D. 1995. Factors controlling atmospheric methane consumption by temperate forest soils. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9: 1-10. Catovsky, S. 1998. Functional groups: clarifying our use of the term. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 79: 126-127. Catovsky, S. 1998. Taking a Functional View of Ecosystems (book review). Ecology 79: 1843-1844. Catovsky, S. 2000. Linking community dynamics and ecosystem function in mixed conifer broad-leaved forests. Thesis, Harvard University. Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. Elevated CO2 influences the responses of two birch species to soil moisture: implications for forest community structure. Global Change Biology 5: 507-518. Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Contributions of coniferous and broad-leaved species to mixed forest carbon uptake: A bottom-up approach. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 100-111. Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. The role of resource interactions and seedling regeneration in maintaining a positive feedback in hemlock stands. Journal of Ecology 88: 100-112. Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Feedbacks between canopy composition and seedling regeneration in mixed conifer broad-leaved forests. Oikos 98: 403-420. Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Nitrogen availability influences regeneration of coniferous and broad-leaved tree species in the understory seedling bank. Ecological Applications 12: 1056-1070. Catovsky, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Plant competition in an elevated CO. In: Mooney, H. A, Canadell, J., Encyclopedia of Global Change, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Chichester, England. Catovsky, S., Crabtree, R. C., Sipe, T. W., Carlton, G., Bassow, S., George, L. O., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. Experimental approaches to understanding forest regeneration. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Catovsky, S., Holbrook, N. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Coupling whole-tree transpiration and canopy photosynthesis in coniferous and broad-leaved tree species. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32: 295-309. Cavender-Bares, J., Ackerly, D. D., Baum, D. A., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. Phylogenetic overdispersion in Floridian oak communities. American Naturalist 163: 823-843. Cavender-Bares, J., Apostol, S., Moya, I., Briantais, J. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. Chilling-induced photoinhibition in oaks: are evergreen leaves inherently better protected than deciduous leaves?. Photosynthetica : 587-596. Cavender-Bares, J., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Changes in drought response strategies with ontogeny in Quercus rubra: implications for scaling from seedlings to mature trees. Oecologia 124: 8-18. Cavender-Bares, J., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. From leaves to ecosystems: Using chlorophyll fluorescence to assess photosynthesis and plant function in ecological studies. In: Papageorgiou, G. C., Govindjee, J. T., Chlorophyll fluorescence: A Signature of Photosynthesis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands. Cavender-Bares, J., Holbrook, N. M. 2001. Hydraulic properties and freezing-induced cavitation in sympatric evergreen and deciduous oaks with contrasting habitats. Plant, Cell and Environment 24: 1243-1256. Cavender-Bares, J., Kitajima, K., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. Multiple trait associations in relation to habitat differentiation among 17 Florida oak species. Ecological Monographs 74: 635-662. Cavender-Bares, J., Potts, M., Zacharias, E., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Consequences of CO2 and light interactions for leaf phenology, growth, and senescence in Quercus rubra. Global Change Biology 6: 877-887. Chamberlain, A. R. 1949. An investigation of the uses, grades, and markets of material obtained from hardwood thinnings. Thesis, Harvard University. Chan, A. S. K., Steudler, P. A., Bowden, R. D., Gulledge, J., Cavanaugh, C. 2005. Consequences of nitrogen fertilization on soil methane consumption in a productive temperate deciduous forest. Biology and Fertility of Soils 41: 182-189. Chapman, M. 2004. The Federal Role in Advancing Landscape-Scale, Multi-Owner Forest Conservation and Stewardship. In: Foster, C.H.W., Hagenstein, P. R., Forest Conservation and Stewardship in Massachusetts, , U.S.A.. Charlton, R. E. 1985. A Colony of Williamsonia Fletcheri (Odonata: corduliidae) Discovered in Massachusetts. Entomology News 96: 201-204. Chen, J., Saunders, S. C., Brosofske, K. D. , Crow, T. R. 2006. Linking ecology to landscape hierarchies: From Theory to Application. Nova Publishing, Carbondale, IL, USA. Cheney, C. A. 2009. Familiar Faces? Assessing the Representation of Live, Native, Terrestrial Mammalian Wildlife in Massachusetts Museum Environments. Thesis, Harvard University. Choat, B., Lahr, E., Melcher, P. J., Zwieniecki, M. A., Holbrook, N. M. 2005. The spatial pattern of air seeding thresholds in mature sugar maple trees. Plant, Cell and Environment 28: 1082-1089. Chou, W. W., Wofsy, S. C., Harriss, R. C., Lin, J. C., Gerbig, C., Sachse, G. W. 2002. Net fluxes of CO2 in Amazônia derived from aircraft observations. Journal of Geophysical Research : 107 (D22), 4614, 10.1029/2001JD001295. Chowdhury, R. R., Schneider, L., Ogneva-Himmelberger, Y., Marcario Mendoza, P., Villar, S. C., Barker Plotkin, A. 2004. Land Cover and Land Use: Classification and Change Analysis. In: Turner, B. L., Geoghegan, J., Foster, D. R., Integrated Land Change Science and Tropical Deforestation in Southern Yucatán: Final Frontiers, Oxford University Press, New York. Chute, G. L. 1942. A case study to determine the potential contribution of farm woodlands to the economy of five representative farms in the town of Hardwick, Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Ciccarello, S. C. 1997. A study of the effects of microclimate on leaf phenology of scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia) on Montague Plain. Thesis, Antioch New England Graduate School. Clark, S. A. 2004. Stewards of Our Land: The Forest Service's Stewardship Contracting Program and the Management of Public Land in Regard to Wildfires. Thesis, Harvard College. Clark, M. S. 1953. Local phenotypic variation in red maple. Thesis, Harvard University. Clarke, M. B. 1978. Song Of The Swampland. Cline, A. C. 1924. Pure white pine versus pine in mixtures. American Forest and Forestry Life 30: 557-558. Cline, A. C. 1924. The group selection method with white pine. Journal of Forestry 22: 128-134. Cline, A. C. 1925. Lumber consumption in the Springfield district. Cline, A. C. 1925. The marketing of lumber in New Hampshire. Harvard Forest Bulletin 10: 80. Cline, A. C. 1929. Forest weeding. , . Cline, A. C. 1930. Forest people: the Walker Forest at Greenwich Village. American Forestry and Forest Life 36: 776-778. Cline, A. C. 1931. The William H. Walker Forest and wood-using industry. Journal of Forestry 29: 611-612. Cline, A. C. 1934. Weeding the farm woodlot. Old Farmer's Almanac, 142nd edition : . Cline, A. C. 1935. Improvement cutting and thinning as applied to central New England hardwoods. Massachusetts Forest and Park Association Bulletin No. 155 : 16. Cline, A. C. 1936. A new outlook for the woodlot owner. The Old Farmer's Almanac, 145th edition : . Cline, A. C. 1936. Opportunities for profit in New England forestry. Old Farmer's Almanac 144th edition: . Cline, A. C. 1936. The Harvard Forest Models. Cline, A. C. 1936. The Harvard Forest Models. Journal of Forestry XXXIV: 1046-1048. Cline, A. C. 1936. The Harvard Forest at Petersham, Massachusetts. Harvard Alumni Bulletin 38: 749-759. Cline, A. C. 1936. The forest models. Harvard Alumni Bulletin 38: 1167-1168. Cline, A. C. 1937. Silvicultural aids in the control of the gypsy moth in watershed forests. Journal of New England Waterworks Association 51: 235-244. Cline, A. C. 1938. A sounder basis for woodlot forestry. The Old Farmer's Almanac, 146th edition : . Cline, A. C. 1938. Sustained yield management and its theory. , . Cline, A. C. 1939. Growing a Crop of Trees. Cline, A. C. 1939. The hurricane area of New England: a problem in forest restoration. The Alumni News, New York State Ranger School : 5-8, 11. Cline, A. C. 1939. The restoration of watershed forests in the hurricane area. Journal of New England Waterworks Association 53: 223-237. Cline, A. C. 1940. Our forests and the hurricane. The Old Farmer's Almanac, 147th edition : . Cline, A. C. 1941. Forestry should begin with the forest. Connecticut Woodlands 6: 28-30. Cline, A. C. 1941. The Harvard Forest Models. Cline, A. C. 1941. The Harvard Forest Models. Revised and rewritten 1975. Cline, A. C. 1943. Lumber and the war. Journal of Forestry 41: 324-328. Cline, A. C. 1943. Review of Roy L. Robinson's article, some ecological aspects of afforestation and forestry in Great Britain, in Forestry 16: 1-12. Journal of Forestry 41: 925-927. Cline, A. C. 1944. Review of Henry H. Tyron's practical forestry in the Hudson highlands. (Black Rock Forestry Bulletin No. 12). Journal of Forestry 42: 296-297. Cline, A. C. et al. 1941. Report of Committee on Silviculture, New England Section, Society of American Foresters-A silvicultural policy for the hurricane area. Journal of Forestry 39: 376-378. Cline, A. C., Fletcher, E. D. 1928. Pruning for profit as applied to eastern white pine. , . Cline, A. C., Lockard, C. R. 1925. Mixed white pine and hardwood. Harvard Forest Bulletin 8: 66. Cline, A. C., MacAloney, H. J. 1933. The improvement of weeviled white pine plantations. Connecticut Forest and Park Association, Publication No. 24 : 11 pp. Cline, A. C., MacAloney, H. J. 1935. Progress report of the reclamation of severely weeviled white pine plantations. Journal of Forestry 33: 932-935. Cline, A. C., MacAloney, H. J. 1931. A method of reclaiming severely weeviled white pine plantations. Massachusetts Forestry Association Bulletin No. 152 : 11 pp. Cline, A. C., Potts, S. F. , McIntyre, H. L. 1942. The white pine weevil and its control by the application of concentrated sprays. Journal of Forestry 40: 405-410. Cline, A. C., Spurr, S. H. 1942. The virgin upland forest of central New England: A study of old growth stands in the Pisgah mountain section of southwestern New Hampshire. Harvard Forest Bulletin 21: 58 pp. Cobb, R. C., Orwig, D. A. 2002. Impact of hemlock woolly adelgid on decomposition: an overview. Proceedings of Symposium on the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in Eastern North America Proceedings. New Jersey. Cobb, R. C., Orwig, D. A., Currie, S. J. 2006. Decomposition of green foliage in eastern hemlock forests of southern New England impacted by hemlock woolly adelgid infestations. Canadian Journal Forest Research 36: 1-11. Cogbill, C. V. 2000. Vegetation of the Presettlement Forests of Northern New England and New York. Rhodora 102: 250-276. Cogbill, C. V., Burk, J., Motzkin, G. 2002. The forests of presettlement New England, USA: spatial and compositional patterns based on town proprietor surveys. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1279-1304. Colburn, B. A. 2009. Show Me a Picture, Tell Me a Story: An Introduction to Graphs for the Analysis of Ecological Data from Schoolyard Science Research Studies. Colburn, E. A. 2001. Small pools close up: Examining vernal pools of the Northeast. National Wetlands Newsletter 7-8: 17-18. Colburn, E. A. 2004. Vernal Pools: Natural History and Conservation. McDonald & Woodward, Blacksburg, Virginia and Granville, Ohio. Colburn, E. A., Garretson Clapp, F. M. 2007. Habitat and life history of a northern caddisfly, Phanocelia canadensis (Banks) (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), at the southern extreme of its known range. Northeastern Naturalist 13: 537. Cole, D. W., Compton, J. E., Homann, P. S., Edmonds, R. L., Miegroet, H. V. 1995. Comparison of carbon accumulation in Douglas fir and red alder forests. In: Kelly, J. M., McFee, W. W., Carbon Forms and Functions in Forest Soils, Soil Science Society of American, Madison, WI. Cole, J. J., Prairie, Y. T., Caraco, N. F., McDowell, W. H., Tranvik, L. J., Striegl, R. G., Duarte, C. M., Kortelainen, P., Downing, J. A., Middelburg, J. J., Melack, J. 2007. Plumbing the Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Inland Waters into the Terrestrial Carbon Budget. Ecosystems 10: 172-185. Collins, B., Sobczak, W. V., Colburn, E. A. 2007. Subsurface flowpaths in a forested headwater stream harbor a diverse macroinvertebrate community. Wetlands 27: 319-325. Compton, J. E, Watrud, L. S., Porteous, L. A., DeGrood, S. 2004. Response of soil microbial biomass and community composition to chronic nitrogen additions at Harvard Forest. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 143-158. Compton, J. E., Boone, R. D. 2000. Long-term impacts of agriculture on soil carbon and nitrogen in New England forests. Ecology 81: 2314-2330. Compton, J. E., Boone, R. D. 2004. Land-use legacies on soil properties and nutrients. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Compton, J. E., Boone, R. D., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 1998. Soil carbon and nitrogen in a pine-oak sand plain in central Massachusetts: role of vegetation and land-use history. Oecologia 116: 536-542. Contamin, R., Ellison, A. M. 2009. Indicators of regime shifts in ecological systems: what do we need to know and when do we need to know it?. Ecological Applications 19: 799-816. Cook, H. O. 1911. A forest fire wagon for Massachusetts towns. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 1: 42-43. Cook, H. O. 1913. Some original data on waterflow and forests. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 2: 38-42. Cook, H. O., Fisher, R. T. 1921. Forest mensuration. Cooper-Ellis, S. 1998. Bryophytes in old-growth forests of western Massachusetts. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125: 117-132. Cooper-Ellis, S., Foster, D. R., Carlton, G., Lezberg, A. L. 1999. Forest response to catastrophic wind: results from an experimental hurricane. Ecology 80: 2683-2696. Crabtree, R. C. 1992. Birch regeneration in a changing nitrogen environment. Thesis, Harvard University. Crabtree, R. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Black birch (Betula lenta L.) seedlings as foragers for nitrogen. New Phytologist 122: 617-625. Crabtree, R. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Seedling response of four birch species to simulated nitrogen deposition: Ammonium versus nitrate. Ecological Applications 3: 315-321. Craine, J. M., Bond, W., Lee, W., Reich, P. B., Ollinger, S. 2003. The resource economics of chemical and structural defenses across nitrogen supply gradients. Oecologia 442: 547-556. Crampton, A. B., Stutter, O., Kirby, K. J., Welch, R. C. 1998. Changes in the composition of Monks Wood National Nature Reserve, Cambridgeshire, U.K. 1964-1996. Arboricultural Journal 22: 229-245. Critchfield, W. B. 1971. Shoot growth and heterophylly in Acer. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 52: 240-266. Crocker, J. B., Bank, M. S., Loftin, C. S., Jung-Brown, R. E. 2007. Influence of observers and stream flow on Northern Two-Lined salamander relative abundance estimates in Acadia and Shenendoah National Parks, USA. Journal of Herpetology 41: 325-329. Currie, W. S. 1995. Forest floor leachate biogeochemistry and decomposition dynamics. Thesis, University of New Hampshire. Currie, W. S. 1999. The responsive C and N biogeochemistry of the temperate forest floor. TREE 14: 316-320. Currie, W. S. 2003. Relationships between carbon turnover and bioavailable energy fluxes in two temperate forest soils. Global Change Biology 9: 919-929. Currie, W. S., Aber, J. D. 1997. Modeling leaching as a decomposition process in humid, montane forests. Ecology 78: 1844-1860. Currie, W. S., Aber, J. D., Driscoll, C. T. 1999. Leaching of nutrient cations from the forests floor: effects of nitrogen saturation in two long-term manipulations. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29: 609-620. Currie, W. S., Aber, J. D., McDowell, W. H., Boone, R. D., McGill, A. H. 1996. Vertical transport of dissolved organic C and N under long-term N amendments in pine and hardwood forests. Biochemistry 35: 471-505. Currie, W. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J. 1999. Dynamic redistribution of isotopically labeled cohorts of nitrogen inputs in two temperate forests. Ecosystems 2: 4-18. Currie, W. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J. 2003. The imprint of land use history: patterns of carbon and nitrogen in downed woody debris at the Harvard Forest. Ecosystems 5: 446-460. Currie, W. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Aber, J. D. 1999. Soil detrital processes controlling the movement of 15N tracers to forest vegetation. Ecological Applications 9: 87-102. Currie, W. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Aber, J. D. 2004. Redistributions of 15N highlight turnover and replishment of mineral soil organic N as a long-term control on forest C balance. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 109-127. Currie, W. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Colman, B. P. 2002. Long-term movement of 15N tracers into fine woody debris under chronically elevated N inputs. Plant and Soil 238: 313-323. Curry, B. 2002. The Initial Impact of a Selective Harvest on Aboveground Carbon Storage in a Northern Temperate Forest. Thesis, University of Notre Dame. Curtis, J. D. 1934. A study of artificial pruning in white pine plantations. Thesis, Harvard University. Curtis, J. D. 1936. A method of pruning dead branches. Forestry Chronicle 2: 291-299. Curtis, J. D. 1937. An historical review of artificial forest pruning. Forest Chronicle 13: 380-395. Curtis, J. D. 1937. Artificial forest pruning: with special reference to the healing of branch cuts. The Scottish Forestry Journal 51 (part 2): 138-140. Curtis, P. S., Hanson, P. J., Bolstad, P. V., Barford, C. C., Randolph, J. C., Schmid, H. P., Wilson, K. B. 2002. Biometric and eddy-covariance based estimates of annual carbon storage in five eastern North American deciduous forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 3-19. Cusack, D. F., Chou, W. W., Yang, W. H., Harmon, M. E., Silver, W. L., LIDET 2009. Controls on long-term root and leaf litter decomposition in neotropical forests. Global Change Biology 15: 1339-1355. Czikowsky, M. J., Fitzjarrald, D. R. 2001. Seasonal and successional effects on streamflow in the northeast. Eos. Trans. AGU 82 (80): . D'Amato, A. W. , Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2009. Understory vegetation in old-growth and second-growth Tsuga canadensis forests in western Massachusetts. Forest Ecology and Management 257: 1043-1052. D'Amato, A. W., Catanzaro, P. 2007. Restoring old-growth characteristics. D'Amato, A. W., Orwig, D. A. 2008. Stand and Landscape-Level Disturbance Dynamics in Old-Growth Forests in Western Massachusetts. Ecological Monographs 78: 507-522. D'Amato, A. W., Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2006. New estimates of Massachusetts old-growth forests: useful data for regional conservation and forest planning. Northeastern Naturalist 13: 495-506. D'Amato, A. W., Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2008. The Influence of Successional Processes and Disturbance on the structure of Tsuga canadensis Forests. Ecological Applications 18: 1182-1199. Dail, D. B., Davidson, E. A., Chrover, J. 2001. Rapid abiotic transformation of nitrate in an acid forest soil. Biogeochemistry 54: 131-146. Daley, M. J., Phillips, N. G., Pettijohn, J. C., Hadley, J. L. 2007. Water use by eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and black birch (Betula lenta): Implications of effects of the hemlock woolly adelgid. Can. J. For. Res. 37: 2031-2040. Daley, R. K., Branch, U. K., Lotti, T. 1930. Life history of the climax forest on the Pisgah Tract, Winchester, New Hampshire. Thesis, Harvard University. Davidson, E. A., Belk, E., Boone, R. D. 1998. Soil and water content and temperature as independent or confounded factors controlling soil respiration in a temperate mixed hardwood forest. Global Change Biology 4: 217-228. Davidson, E. A., Chorover, J., Dail, B. D. 2003. A mechanism of abiotic immobilization of nitrate in forest ecosystems: The ferrous wheel hypothesis. Global Change Biology 9:: 228-236. Davidson, E. A., Dail, B. D., Chorover, J. 2008. Iron interference in the quantification of nitrate in soil extracts and its effect on hypothesized abiotic immobilization of nitrate. Biogeochemistry 90: 65-73. Davidson, E. A., Janssens, I. 2006. Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change. Nature 440: . Davidson, E. A., Janssens, I., Luo, Y. 2006. On the variability of respiration in terrestrial ecosystems: moving beyond Q10. Global Change Biology 12: 154-164. Davidson, E. A., Savage, K. E., Bolstad, P. V., Clark, D. A., Curtis, P. S. , Ellsworth, D. S., Hanson, P. J., Law, B. E., Luo, Y., Pregitzer, K. S., Randolph, J. C., Zak, D. 2002. Belowground carbon allocation in forests estimated from litterfall and IRGA-based soil respiration measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology : 39-51. Davidson, E. A., Savage, K. E., Trumbore, S. E., Borken, W. 2006. Vertical partitioning of CO2 production within a temperate forest soil. Global Change Biology 12: 944-956. Davidson, E. A., Savage, K. E., Verchot, L. V., Navarro, R. I. 2002. Minimizing artifacts and biases in chamber-based measurements of soil respiration.. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 21-37. Davis, M. B. 1958. Three pollen diagrams from central Massachusetts. American Journal of Science 256: 540-570. Davis, M. B., Goodlett, J. C. 1960. Comparison of the present vegetation with pollen-spectra in surface samples from Brownington Pond, Vermont. Ecology 41: 346-357. DeBell, L. J., Talbot, R. W., Dibb, J. E., Munger, J. W., Fischer, E. V., Frolking, S. E. 2005. A major regional air pollution event in the northeastern U.S. caused by extensive forest fires in Quebec, Canada. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 109: . DeGasperis, B. G. 2006. Windows of opportunity: historical and ecological perspectives on plant invasions. Thesis, Harvard University. DeGasperis, B. G., Motzkin, G. 2007. Windows of opportunity: Historical and ecological controls on Berberis Thunbergii invasions. Ecology 88: 3115-3125. Del Tredici, P. 1977. The buried seeds of Comptonia peregrina, the sweet fern. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 104: 270-275. Del Tredici, P., Torrey, J. G. 1976. On the germination of seeds of Comptonia peregrina, the sweet fern. Botanical Gazette 137: 262-268. Delepine, R., Lamp, I. M., Zimmermann, M. H. 1966. Informe Preliminar Sobre la Vegetacion Marina de la Peninsula Antartica. Tirade Aparte del Boletin del Servicio de Hidrografia Naval III: 127-139. Denny, C. S. 1938. Glacial geology of the Black Rock Forest. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No.8 : 27. Dixon, P. M., Ellison, A. M., Gotelli, N. J. 2005. Improving the precision of estimates of the frequency of rare events. Ecology 86: 1114-1123. Donahue, B. 2003. The Resettling of America. In: N. Wirzba, The Essential Agrarian Reader, University Press of Kentucky, . Donahue, B. 2004. The Great Meadow: Farmers and the Land in Colonial Concord. Yale University Press, . Donahue, B. 2007. The New View from Sanderson's Farm: A perspective on Harvard Forest, New England History, and the Conservation of Land. Environmental History 12: 8-12. Donohue, K. 1995. The Spatial Demography of Mistletoe Parasitism on a Yemeni Acacia. Int.J.Plant Science 156: 816-823. Donohue, K. 2002. Germination timing influences natural selection on life-history characters in Arabidopsis thaliana. Ecology 83: 1006-1016. Donohue, K. 2003. Setting the stage: phenotypic plasticity as habitat selection. International Journal of Plant Sciences (special issue) 164: S79-S92. Donohue, K. 2003. The influence of neighbor relatedness on multilevel selection in the Great lakes sea rocket. The American Naturalist 162: 77-92. Donohue, K. 2004. Density-dependent multilevel selection in the Great Lakes sea rocket. Ecology 85: 180-191. Donohue, K. 2005. Niche construction through phenological plasticity: Life history dynamics and ecological consequences. (Invited review). New Phytologist 166: 83-92. Donohue, K. 2005. Seeds and seasons: Interpreting germination timing in the field. Seed Science Research 15: 175-187. Donohue, K., Dorn, C. G. L., Griffith, C., Kim, E. S., Aguilera, A., Polisetty, C. R., Schmitt, J. 2005. Environmental and genetic influences on the germination of Arabidopsis thaliana in the field. Evolution 59: 740-757. Donohue, K., Dorn, C. G. L., Kim, E. S., Aguilera, A., Polisetty, C. R., Schmitt, J. 2005. Niche construction through germination cueing: Life history responses to timing of germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. Evolution 59: 771-785. Donohue, K., Dorn, C. G. L., Kim, E. S., Aguilera, A., Polisetty, C. R., Schmitt, J. 2005. The evolutionary ecology of seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana: Variable natural selection on germination timing. Evolution 59: 758-770. Donohue, K., Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G. 2000. Effects of the past and the present on species distributions: land-use history and demography of wintergreen. Journal of Ecology 88: 14-15. Donohue, K., Polisetty, C. R., Wender, N. J. 2005. Genetic consequences of niche construction: Plasticity-mediated genetic constraints on the evolution of seed dispersal of Arabidopsis thalinia (Brassicaceae). The American Naturalist 165: 537-550. Douglas, T., Burton, P.J. 2005. Integrating ecosystem restoration into forest management in British Columbia, Canada. In: J.A. Stanturf, P. Madsen, Restoration of Boreal and Temperate Forests, CRC Press., Boca Raton, Florida. Downs, J. B. 1928. The wood-using industries of Massachusetts. Harvard Forest Bulletin 12: . Downs, M. R., Michener, R. H., Fry, B., Nadelhoffer, K. J. 1999. Routine measurement of dissolved inorganic 15N in streamwater. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment 55: 211-220. Downs, M. R., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Melillo, J. M., Aber, J. D. 1993. Foliar and fine root nitrate reductase activity in seedlings of four forest tree species in relation to nitrogen availability. Trees, Structure and Function 7: 233-236. Downs, M. R., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Melillo, J. M., Aber, J. D. 1996. Immobilization of a 15N labelled nitrate addition by decomposing forest litter. Oecologia 105: 141-150. Driscoll, C. T., Whitall, D., Aber, J. D., Boyer, B., Castro, M. C., Cronan, C., Goodale, C. G., Groffman, P., Hopkinson, C. S., Lambert, K., Lawrence, G., Ollinger, S. 2003. Nitrogen pollution in the northeastern United States: Sources, effects and management options. Bioscience 53: 357-374. Driscoll, C. T., Whitall, D., Aber, J. D., Boyer, B., Castro, M. C., Cronan, C., Goodale, C. G., Groffman, P., Hopkinson, C. S., Lambert, K., Lawrence, G., Ollinger, S. 2003. Nitrogen pollution: sources and consequences in the northeastern United States. Environment 47: 8-22. Dukes, J. S., Pontius, J., Orwig, D. A., Garnes, J. R., Rodgers, V. L., Brazee, N., Cooke, B., Theoharides, K. A., Stange, E. E., Harrington, R., Ehrenfeld, J., Gurevitch, J., Lerdau, M. T., Stinson, K. A., Wick, R., Ayres, M. 2009. Responses of insect pests, pathogens, and invasive plant species to climate change in the forests of northeastern North America: What can we predict?. Can. J. For. Res. 39: 231-248. Dunford, S. S., Zimmermann, M. H. 1976. Factors affecting phloem exudation in white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Plant Physiology 57(Supplement): 77. Dunn, R. R., Agosti, D., Andersen, A. N., Arnan, X. , Bruehl, C. , Cerda, X., Ellison, A. M., Fisher, B. L., Fitzpatrick, M. C., Gibb, H., Gotelli, N. J., Gove, A. D., Guenard, B., Janda, M. , Kaspari, M., Laurent, E. J., Lessard, J.-P., Longino, J. T., Majer, J., Menke, S. B., McGlynn, T. P., Parr, C. L., Philpott, S. M., Pfeiffer, M., Retana, J., Suarez, A. V., Vasconcelos, H. L., Weiser, M. D., Sanders, N. J. 2009. Climatic drivers of hemispheric asymmetry in global patterns of ant species richness. Ecology Letters 12: 324-333. Dunn, R. R., Sanders, N. J., Fitzpatrick, M. C., Laurent, E., Lessard, J-P., Agosti, D., Anderson, A. N., Bruhl, Carsten, Cerda, X., Ellison, A. M., Fisher, B. L., Gibb, H., Gotelli, N. J., Gove, A., Guenard, B., Janda, M., Kaspari, M., Longino, J. T., Majer, J., McGlynn, T. P., Menke, S. B., Parr, C. L., Philpogt, S. M., Pfeiffer, M., Retana, J., Suarez, A. V., Vasconcelos, H. L. 2007. Global ant biodiversity and biogeography - a new database and its possibilities. Myrmecological News 10: 77-83. Dunwiddie, P., Foster, D. R., Leopold, D. J., Leverett, R. 1996. Old-growth forests of southern New England, New York and Pennsylvania. In: Davis, M. B., Eastern Old Growth Forests, Island Press, Covelo, CA. Earle, E. D., Torrey, J. G. 1965. Colony formation by isolated convolvulus cells plated on defined media. Plant Physiology 40: 520-528. Earle, E. D., Torrey, J. G. 1965. Morphogenesis in cell colonies grown from convolvulus cell suspensions plated on synthetic media. American Journal of Botany 52: 891-899. Eberhardt, R. 2001. Implications of land-use legacies in the sand plain vegetation of Cape Cod National Seashore. Thesis, Harvard. Eberhardt, R., Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G., Hall, B. 2003. Conservation of changing landscapes: vegetation, land-use history, and fire on Cape Cod National Seashore. Ecological Applications 13: 68-84. Edmonds, W. D. 1945. Timber cruising with aerial photographs. Harvard Alumni Bulletin 48: 155-156. Edmonds, W. D. 1946. The Harvard Forest. , . Ellison, A. M. 2004. Bayesian inference for ecologists. Ecology Letters 7: 509-520. Ellison, A. M. 2004. Commentary on statistics and the scientific method in ecology by Brian Dennis. In: Taper, M. L., Lele, S. R., The Nature of Scientific Evidence, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Ellison, A. M. 2004. Wetlands of Central America. Wetlands Ecology and Management 12: 3-55. Ellison, A. M. 2005. Turning the tables: plants bite back. Wings : 25-30. Ellison, A. M. 2006. Nutrient Limitation and Stoichiometry of Carnivorous Plant. Plant Biology 8: 740-747. Ellison, A. M. 2007. Metabolic theory and patterns of species richness. Ecology 88: 1889. Ellison, A. M. 2008. Managing mangroves with benthic biodiversity in mind: Moving beyond roving banditry. Journal of Sea Research 59: 2-15. Ellison, A. M., Agrawal, A. A. 2005. The Statistics of Rarity - A collection of eight articles. Ecology - Special Feature 86: 1079-1163. Ellison, A. M., Bank, M. S., Clinton, B. D., Colburn, E. A., Elliott, K., Ford, C. R., Foster, D. R., Kloeppel, B. D., Knoepp, J. D., Lovett, G. M., Mohan, J., Orwig, D. A., Rodenhouse, N. L., Sobczak, W. V., Stinson, K. A., Stone, J. K., Swan, C. M., Thompson, J., Von Holle, B., Webster, J. R. 2005. Loss of foundation species: consequences for the structure and dynamics of forested ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment : 479-486. Ellison, A. M., Buckley, H. L., Miller, T. E., Gotelli, N. J. 2004. Morphological variation in Sarracenia purpurea (Sarraceniaceae): geographic, environmental, and taxonomic correlates. American Journal of Botany 91: 1930-1935.. Ellison, A. M., Chen, J. , Díaz, D. , Kammerer-Burnham, C. , Lau, M. 2005. Changes in ant community structure and composition associated with hemlock decline in New England. Proceedings of Third Symposium on Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Eastern United States. Morgantown, West Virginia. Ellison, A. M., Farnsworth, E. J. 2005. The Cost of Carnivory for Darlingtonia california (Sarracheniaceae): Evidence from Relationships among Leaf Traits. American Journal of Botany 92: 1085-1093. Ellison, A. M., Farnsworth, E. J., Gotelli, N. J. 2002. Ant diversity in pitcher-plant bogs of Massachusetts. Northeastern Naturalist 9: 267-284. Ellison, A. M., Gotelli, N. J. 2009. Energetics and the evolution of carnivorous plants - Darwin's "most wonderful plants in the world". Journal of Experimental Biology 60: 19-42. Ellison, A. M., Gotelli, N. J., Brewer, J. S., Cochran-Stafira, D. L., Kneitel, J. M., Miller, T. E., Worley, A. S., Zamora, R. 2003. The evolutionary ecology of carnivorous plants. Advances in Ecological Research 33: 1-74. Ellison, A. M., Osterweil, L. J. , Hadley, J. L. , Wise, A. , Boose, E. R., Clarke, L. , Foster, D. R., Hanson, A., Jensen, D. , Kuzeja, P.S., Riseman, E., Schultz, H. 2006. Analytic Webs Support the Synthesis of Ecological Data Sets. Ecology 87: 1345-1358. Ellison, A. M., Record, S. , Arguello, A., Gotelli, N. J. 2007. Rapid Inventory of the Ant Assemblage in a Temperate Hardwood Forest: Species Composition and Assessment of Sampling Methods. Environmental Entomology 36: 766-775. Esquivel, R. 2000. Presence of Hypsipyla grandella in plantations of Cedrela odorata and Swietenia macrophylla in Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico. Journal of Tropical Ecology (notes) : . Evers, D. C., Savoy, L., DeSorbo, C., Yates, D., Hanson, W., Taylor, K. M. , Siegel, L. , Cooley, J. H., Bank, M. S. , Major, A. , Munney, K. , Mower, B. F., Vogel, H. S. , Schoch, N. , Pokras, M. , Goodale, M. W., Fair, J. 2008. Adverse effects from environmental mercury loads on breeding common loons. Ecotoxicology 17: 69-81. Ewers, F. W., Zimmermann, M. H. 1983. The hydraulic architecture of two conifers. American Journal of Botany 70: 20-21. Ewers, F. W., Zimmermann, M. H. 1984. The hydraulic architecture of balsam fir (Abies balsamea). Physiologia Plantarum 60: 453-458. Ewers, F. W., Zimmermann, M. H. 1984. The hydraulic architecture of eastern hemlock. Canadian Journal of Botany 62: 940-946. Fahn, A., Burley, J., Longman, K. A., Mariaux, A. 1981. Possible contributions of wood anatomy to the determination of the age of tropical trees. In: Bormann, F. H. , Berlyn, G., Age and Growth Rate of Tropical Trees, Yale University, New Haven, CT. Fahn, A., Zimmermann, M. H. 1982. Development of the successive cambia in Atriplex halimus (Chenopodiaceae). Botanical Gazette 143: 353-357. Faison, E. K. 2006. Moose foraging in the temperate forests of Central Massachusetts: a natural re-wilding experiment. Thesis, Harvard University. Faison, E. K., Foster, D. R., Oswald, W. W., Doughty, E. D., Hansen, B. C. S. 2006. Early-Holocene openlands in southern New England. Ecology 87: 2537-2547. Fajvan, M. A., Barker Plotkin, A., Foster, D. R. 2006. Modeling tree regeneration height growth after an experimental hurricane. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36: 2003-2014. Falge, E. M., Baldocchi, D. D., Olson, R. J., Anthoni, P., Aubinet, M., Bernhofer, C., Burba, G. G., Ceulemans, R., Clement, R., Dolman, H., Granier, A., Gross, P., Grünwald, T., Hollinger, D. Y., Jensen, N-O., Katul, G. G., Keronen, P., Kowalski, A., Ta Lai, C., Law, B. E., Meyers, T., Moncrieff, J., Moors, E., Munger, J. W., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, Ü., Rebmann, C., Suyker, A. E., Tenhunen, J., Tu, K., Verma, S. B., Vesala, T., Wilson, K. B., Wofsy, S. C. 2001. Gap Filling Strategies for Defensible Annual Sums of Net Ecosystem Exchange. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 107: 43-69. Falge, E. M., Baldocchi, D. D., Olson, R. J., Anthoni, P., Aubinet, M., Bernhofer, C., Burba, G. G., Ceulemans, R., Clement, R., Dolman, H., Granier, A., Gross, P., Grünwald, T., Hollinger, D. Y., Jensen, N.-O. , Katul, G. G., Keronen, P., Kowalski, A., Ta Lai, C., Law, B. E., Meyers, T., Moncrieff, J., Moors, E., Munger, J. W., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, Ü., Rebmann, C., Suyker, A. E., Tenhunen, J., Tu, K., Verma, S. B., Vesala, T., Wilson, K. B., Wofsy, S. C. 2001. Gap Filling Strategies for Long term Energy Flux Data Sets. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 107: 71-77. Falge, E. M., Baldocchi, D. D., Tenhunen, J., Aubinet, M., Bakwin, P. S., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Burba, G. G., Clement, R., Davis, K. J., Elbers, J. A., Goldstein, A. H., Grelle, A., Granier, A., Gumundsson, J., Hollinger, D. Y., Kowalski, A. S., Katul, G. G., Law, B. E., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T., Monson, R. K., Munger, J. W., Oechel, W., Paw U, K. T., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, U., Rebmann, C., Suyker, A. E., Valentini, R., Wilson, K. B., Wofsy, S. C. 2002. Seasonality of ecosystem respiration and gross primary production as derived from FLUXNET measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 53-74. Falge, E. M., Tenhunen, J., Baldocchi, D. D., Aubinet, M., Bakwin, P. S., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Bonnefond, J. M., Burba, G. G., Clement, R., Davis, K. J., Elbers, J. A., Falk, M., Goldstein, A. H., Grelle, A., Granier, A., Grundwald, T. , Gumundsson, J., Hollinger, D. Y., Janssens, I. A., Keronen, P., Kowalski, A. S., Katul, G. G., Law, B. E., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T., Monson, R. K., Moors, E., Munger, J. W., Oechel, W., Paw U, K. T., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, U., Rebmann, C., Suyker, A. E., Thorgeirsson, H., Tirone, G., Turnipseed, A. A., Wilson, K. B., Wofsy, S. C. 2002. Phase and amplitude of ecosystem carbon release and uptake potentials as derived from FLUXNET measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 75-95. Fan, S.-M., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Daube, B. C., Bakwin, P. S., Wofsy, S. C., Amthor, J. S., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Moore, K. E., Moore, T. R. 1995. Environmental controls on the photosynthesis and respiration of a boreal lichen woodland: a growing season of whole-ecosystem exchange measurements by eddy correlation. Oecologia 102: 443-452. Farnsworth, E. J. 2007. Plant life history traits of rare versus frequent plant taxa of sandplains: Implications for research and management trials. Biological Conservation 136: 44-52. Farnsworth, E. J., Ellison, A. M. 2008. Prey availability directly affects physiology, growth, nutrient allocation and scaling relationships among leaf traits in 10 carnivorous plant species. Journal of Ecology 96: 213-221. Farnsworth, E. J., Ellison, A. M., Gotelli, N. J. 2009. EvoSoap. NATURE 458: 938. Farnsworth, E. J., Lowe, S. 2005. Peterson Field Guide to Ferns and Their Related Families. Houghton Mifflin, . Farnsworth, E. J., Nunez-Farfan, J. , Careaga, S. A., Bazzaz, F. A. 1995. Phenology and growth of three temperate forest life forms in response to artificial soil warming. Journal of Ecology 83: 967-977. Farnsworth, E. J., Ogurcak, D. E. 2006. Biogeography and decline of rare plants in New England: historical evidence and contemporary monitoring. Ecological Applications 16: . Farnsworth, E. J., Sinton, J., Sinton, W. 2007. The Connecticut River Boating Guide: Source to Sea. Globe Pequot Press, . Feigl, B. J., Melillo, J. M., Cerri, C. C. 1995. Changes in the origin and quality of soil organic matter after pasture introduction in Rondônia (Brazil). Plant and Soil 175: 21-29. Feild, T. S., Lee, D. W., Holbrook, N. M. 2001. Why leaves turn red in autumn: the role of anthocyanims in senescing leaves of red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera). Plant Physiology 127: 566-574. Feldman, L. J., Torrey, J. G. 1975. The quiescent center and primary vascular tissue pattern formation in cultured roots of Zea. Canadian Journal of Botany 53: 2796-2803. Feldman, L. J., Torrey, J. G. 1976. The isolation and culture in vitro of the quiescent center of Zea mays. American Journal of Botany 63: 345-355. Felzer, B., Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J., Wang, C., Zhuang, Q., Prinn, R. G. 2004. Effects of ozone on net primary production and carbon sequestration in the conterminous United States using a biogeochemistry model. Tellus 56: 230-248. Fenn, M. E., Poth, M., Aber, J. D., Baron, J. S., Bormann, B. T., Johnson, D. W., Lemly, A. D., McNulty, S. G., Ryan, D. F., Stottlemeyer, R. 1998. Nitrogen excess in North American ecosystems: a review of predisposing factors, geographic extent, ecosystem responses and management strategies. Ecological Applications 8: 706-733. Fetherston, K. 1987. A computer cartographic analysis of a forested landscape's response to hurricane force winds in central New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Finley, A. O. 2002. Forest owner attitudes towards management at a multi-property scale. Thesis, University of Massachusetts. Finley, A. O., Kittredge, D. B. 2006. Thoreau, Muir, and Jane Doe: different types of private forest owners need different kinds of forest management. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 23: 27-34. Finley, A. O., Kittredge, D. B., Stevens, T. H., Schweik, C. M., Dennis, D. C. 2006. Interest in Cross-Boundary Cooperation: Identification of Distinct Types of Private Forest Owners. Forest Science 52: 10-22. Finn, R. F. 1942. Mycorrhizal inoculation of soil of low fertility. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 19 : . Finn, R. F. 1942. Notes on the resampling of certain fertilized plots. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 16 : . Finn, R. F. 1943. The leaching of some plant nutrients following the burning of forest litter. Black Rock Forest Papers : . Finn, R. F., Tryon, H. H. 1942. The comparative influence of leaf mould and inorganic fertilizers on the growth of red oak. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 17 : . Finnie, T. C., Tomlin, C. D., Bossler, J., Cowen, D., Petchenik, B., Thomas, H., Wilbanks, T., Estes, J. 1990. Spatial data needs: the future of the national mapping program. National Academy Press, Washington, D. C. Fisher Memorial Committee 1935. The Harvard Forest 1907-1934: A memorial to its first director Richard Thornton Fisher. Fisher, R. T. 1903. Forestry at Harvard. Forestry and Irrigation 9: 320. Fisher, R. T. 1903. Forestry for southern New England woodlots. Forestry and Irrigation 9: 120-121. Fisher, R. T. 1909. Methods of instruction in the forest school. Forestry Quarterly 8: 12-16. Fisher, R. T. 1911. An account of operations in the Harvard Forest, 1908-09. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 1: 1-9. Fisher, R. T. 1912. Forestry. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 21: 680. Fisher, R. T. 1916. Some unwritten records of the Harvard Forest. Harvard Graduates Magazine 25: 191-193. Fisher, R. T. 1916. Utilization of round edge lumber. Proceedings of the Society of the American Foresters 11: 386-393. Fisher, R. T. 1918. Second-growth white pine as related to the former uses of the land. Journal of Forestry 16: 253-254. Fisher, R. T. 1918. Silviculture for country roadsides. Massachusetts Forestry Association Bulletin No. 123 : 4. Fisher, R. T. 1918. The yield of volunteer second growth as affected by improvement cutting and early weeding. Journal of Forestry 16: . Fisher, R. T. 1920. The Harvard Forest at Petersham. Harvard Alumni Bulletin 22: 829-835. Fisher, R. T. 1921. The management of the Harvard Forest, 1909-1919. Harvard Forest Bulletin 1: 27. Fisher, R. T. 1922. Note on the measurement of growth for large regions. Journal of Forestry 20: 586-588. Fisher, R. T. 1925. A note on Harvard Forest silviculture. Journal of Forestry 23: 909-912. Fisher, R. T. 1925. Descent of the white pine woodlot. Harvard Forest Bulletin 8: 7-14. Fisher, R. T. 1925. Marketing Massachusetts forest products. The Hampden 7: 1-2. Fisher, R. T. 1925. The new policy for the Society. Journal of Forestry 23: 707-708. Fisher, R. T. 1926. General marketing conditions in New Hampshire. Harvard Forest Bulletin 10: 7-12. Fisher, R. T. 1926. Lumber Consumption in the Springfield District. The Hampden 8: 1-2. Fisher, R. T. 1927. A museum of forest antiquity. American Forests and Forest Life 33: 348. Fisher, R. T. 1928. Pine plantations and New England forestry. Journal of Forestry 26: 790-793. Fisher, R. T. 1928. Prospects for Utilization of Land for Timber in New England. Proceedings of New England Research Council, December 7, 1928. . Fisher, R. T. 1928. Soil changes and silviculture of the Harvard Forest. Ecology 9: 6-11. Fisher, R. T. 1929. Our wildlife and the changing forest. The Sportsman : . Fisher, R. T. 1929. The Harvard Forest: A model forest to demonstrate the practice of forestry, an experiment station for research in forestry and allied problems, a field laboratory for graduate students. . Fisher, R. T. 1931. The Harvard Forest as a demonstration tract. Quarterly Journal of Forestry 25: 1-12. Fisher, R. T. 1933. New England Forests: Biological Factors. New England's Prospect: 1933. American Geographical Society Special Publication 16: 213-223. Fisher, R. T. 1934. Abandoned farms and pine woodlots. Fisher, R. T., Terry, E. I. T. 1920. The management of second growth white pine in central New England. Journal of Forestry 18: 358-366. Fitzjarrald, D. R., Acevedo, O. C., Moore, K. E. 2001. Climatic consequences of leaf presence in the eastern United States. Journal of Climate 14: 598-614. Fitzpatrick, M. C., Preisser, E. L., Ellison, A. M., Elkinton, J. S. 2009. Observer bias and the detection of low-denisty populations. Ecological Applications 19: 1673-1679. Fletcher, L., Kittredge, D. B., Stevens, T. H. 2009. Forestland Owners Willingness to Sell Carbon Credits: A Preliminary Study. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry : 37-39. Fontaine, M. S., Lancelle, S. A. , Torrey, J. G. 1984. Initiation and ontogeny of vesicles in cultured Frankia sp. strain HFPArI3. Journal of Bacteriology Dec: 921-927. Fontaine, M. S., Young, P. H., Torrey, J. G. 1986. Effects of long-term preservation of Frankia strains on infectivity, effectivity, and in vitro nitrogenase activity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology April: 694-698. Forbes, R. H. 1985. Richard Thornton Fisher - 1876-1934, Director of the Harvard Forest for its first twenty-seven years: Selections from his publications with a memorial biography by Henry James. , . Forman, R. T. T. 2005. Foreword. In: Emanuela Morelli, Disegnare linee nel paesaggio: metodologie di progettazione paesistica delle grandi infrastrutture viarie, Firenze University Press, Firenze, Italy. Forman, R. T. T. 2005. Roadside redesigns---woody and variegated---to help sustain nature and people. Harvard Design Magazine Fall 2005/Winter 2006: 35-41. Forman, R. T. T. 2006. Foreword. In: Botequilha, L. A., Miller, J. , Ahern, J., McGarigal, K., Measuring Landscapes: A Planner’s Handbook, Island Press, Washington, D.C.. Forman, R. T. T. 2006. Good and bad places for roads: effects of varying road and natural patterns on habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation. Proceedings of 2005 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation. Center for Transportation and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina. Forman, R. T. T. 2007. Foreword. In: White, T., Getting Up To Speed, Defenders of Wildlife, Washington, D.C.. Forman, R. T. T., McDonald, R. I. 2007. A massive increase in roadside woody vegetation: goals, pros, and cons. Proceedings of International Conference on Ecology and Transportation 2007 Proceedings. CTE, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina. Fosket, D. E., Torrey, J. G. 1969. Hormonal control of cell proliferation and xylem differentiation in cultured tissues of glycine max var. Biloxi. Plant Physiology 44: 871-880. Foster, C.H.W. 1970. The Northfield mountain pumped storage project counterpoint to Con Ed. Harvard Forest Paper 19: . Foster, C.H.W. 1998. Stepping Back to Look Forward - a History of the Massachusetts Forest. Harvard Forest and Harvard University Press, Petersham and Cambridge. Foster, C.H.W. 2008. Twentieth-Century New England Land Conservation, A Heritage of Civic Engagement. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. Foster, C.H.W., Foster, D. R. 1999. Thinking in Forest Time - A Strategy for the Massachusetts Forest. Harvard Forest Paper 24: . Foster, C.H.W., Foster, D. R. 1994. Managing the greenwealth - The forests of Quabbin. Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Center for Science & International Affairs, Environment and Natural Resources Program, . Foster, C.H.W., Hagenstein, P. R., Foster, D. R. 2004. Forest Conservation and Stewardship in Massachusetts. Foster, D. R. 1983. The history and pattern of fire in the boreal forest of southeastern Labrador. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 2459-2471. Foster, D. R. 1984. Phytosociological description of the forest vegetation of southeastern Labrador. Canadian Journal of Botany 62: 899-906. Foster, D. R. 1984. The dynamics of Sphagnum in forest and peatland communities in Southeastern Labrador, Canada. Arctic 37: 133-140. Foster, D. R. 1985. The origin and development of patterned mires in Labrador. In: Moore, T. R., Future Directions for Research in Nouveau - Quebec. McGill Subarctic Research paper No. 39, Center for Northern Studies and Research, McGill University, Montreal. Foster, D. R. 1985. Vegetation development following fire in . Journal of Ecology 73: 517-534. Foster, D. R. 1988. Disturbance history, community organization and vegetation dynamics of the old-growth Pisgah Forest, southwestern New Hampshire, U.S.A. Journal of Ecology 76: 105-134. Foster, D. R. 1988. Species and stand response to catastrophic wind in central New England, U.S.A. Journal of Ecology 76: 135-151. Foster, D. R. 1992. Land-use history (1730-1990) and vegetation dynamics in central New England, USA. Journal of Ecology 80: 753-772. Foster, D. R. 1993. Land-use history and forest transformations in central New England. In: Pickett, S., McDonald, M., Humans as Components of Ecosystems, Springer-Verlag, NY. Foster, D. R. 1995. Land-use history and four hundred years of vegetation change in New England. In: Turner, B. L., Sal, A. G., Bernaldez, F. G., DiCastri, F., Global Land Use Change: a Perspective from the Columbian Encounter, SCOPE Publication, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid. Foster, D. R. 1999. Forests the way they used to be. New York Times. New York. Foster, D. R. 1999. Hemlock's Future in the Context of Its History: An Ecological Perspective. Proceedings of Symposium on Sustainable Management of Hemlock Ecosystems in Eastern North America. . Foster, D. R. 1999. Thoreau's Country: Journey Through a Transformed Landscape. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. Foster, D. R. 2000. From bobolinks to bears: interjecting geographical history into ecological studies, environmental interpretation, and conservation planning. Journal of Biogeography 27: 27-30. Foster, D. R. 2000. Hemlock's future in the context of its history: an ecological perspective. Proceedings of Sustainable Management of Hemlock Ecosystems in Eastern North America. . Foster, D. R. 2000. Linking the deep and recent past to the modern New England Landscape. Rhodora 102: 278-279. Foster, D. R. 2000. The Forest Primeval. Sanctuary 39: 9-12. Foster, D. R. 2000. Using history to interpret current environmental conditions and future trends: an example from the US Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program. PAGES Newsletter 8: 23-25. Foster, D. R. 2001. Conservation lessons and challenges from ecological history. Forest History Today Fall 2000: 2-11. Foster, D. R. 2001. New England's Forest Primeval. Wild Earth 11: 40-44. Foster, D. R. 2002. Conservation issues and approaches for dynamic cultural landscapes. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1533-1535. Foster, D. R. 2002. Insights from historical geography to ecology and conservation: lessons from the New England landscape. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1269-1275. Foster, D. R. 2002. Thoreau's country: a historical-ecological perspective to conservation in the New England landscape. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1537-1555. Foster, D. R. 2005. Wildlands and Woodlands. Sanctuary 44: 18. Foster, D. R. 2006. The importance of land use history to conservation biology. In: Groom, M. J. , Meffe, G. K., Carroll, C. R., Principles of Conservation Biology, Sinauer, Sunderland, MA. Foster, D. R. 2008. In Memoriam Richard Hale Goodwin 1910-2007, Botanist, Teacher, Conservationist, and Mentor. Rhodora 110: 103-110. Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D. 2004. Background and framework for long-term ecological research. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D. 2004. Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D. 2004. Overviews of the experiments and approaches. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D. 2004. The Physical and Biological Setting for Ecological Research. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Bowden, R. D., Melillo, J., Bazzaz, F. 2004. Comparison between physical disturbance and novel stresses. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. M., Bowden, R. D., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Forest response to disturbance and anthropogenic stress. Rethinking the 1938 Hurricane and the impact of physical disturbance vs chemical and climate stress on forest ecosystems. BioScience 47: 437-445. Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Melillo, J., Bowden, R. D., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Forest response to natural disturbance versus human-induced stresses. Arnoldia 58: 35-40. Foster, D. R., Boose, E. R. 1992. Patterns of forest damage resulting from catastrophic wind in central New England, USA. Journal of Ecology 80: 79-99. Foster, D. R., Boose, E. R. 1992. Technology development in the LTER Network - Current status of GIS, remote sensing, Internet connectivity, archival storage and global positioning systems. LTER Publication, Seattle, WA: . Foster, D. R., Boose, E. R. 1995. Hurricane disturbance regimes in temperate and tropical forest ecosystems. In: Coutts, M., Grace, J., Wind and Trees, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY. Foster, D. R., Clayden, S., Orwig, D. A., Hall, B., Barry, S. 2002. Oak, chestnut and fire: climatic and cultural controls of long-term forest dynamics in New England, USA. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1359-1379. Foster, D. R., Cooper-Ellis, S., Barker Plotkin, A., Carlton, G., Bowden, R. D., Magill, A., Aber, J. D. 2004. Simulating a catastrophic hurricane. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Foster, D. R., Donahue, B., Kittredge, D. B., Motzkin, G., Hall, B., Turner, B. L., Chilton, E. 2008. New England's Forest Landscape. Ecological Legacies and Conservation Patterns Shaped by Agrarian History. In: Redman, C. L., Foster, D. R., Agrarian Landscapes in Transition, Oxford University Press, Inc., New York, N. Y.. Foster, D. R., Fluet, M., Boose, E. R. 1999. Human or natural disturbance: landscape-scale dynamics of the tropical forests of Puerto Rico. Ecological Applications 9: 555-572. Foster, D. R., Fritz, S.C. 1987. Mire development, pool formation and landscape processes on patterned fens in Dalarna, central Sweden. Journal of Ecology 75: 409-437. Foster, D. R., Glaser, P.H. 1986. The raised bogs of south-eastern Labrador, Canada: classification, distribution, vegetation and recent dynamics. Journal of Ecology 74: 47-71. Foster, D. R., Hall, B., Barry, S., Clayden, S., Parshall, T. 2002. Cultural, environmental, and historical controls of vegetation patterns and the modern conservation setting on the island of Martha's Vineyard, USA. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1381-1400. Foster, D. R., Jacobson, H. A. 1990. The comparative development of bogs and fens in central Sweden: Evaluating the role of climate change and ecosystem development. Aquilo Ser. Bot. 28: 15-26. Foster, D. R., King, G.A. 1984. Landscape features, vegetation and developmental history of a patterned fen in south-eastern Labrador, Canada. Journal of Ecology 72: 115-143. Foster, D. R., King, G.A. 1986. Vegetation pattern and diversity in S.E. Labrador, Canada: . Journal of Ecology 74: 465-483. Foster, D. R., King, G.A., Glaser, P.H., Wright Jr., H.E. 1983. Origin of string patterns in boreal peatlands. Nature 306: 256-258. Foster, D. R., King, G.A., Santelmann, M. V. 1988. Patterned fens of western Labrador and adjacent Quebec: phytosociology, water chemistry, landform features, and dynamics of surface patterns. Canadian Journal of Botany 66: 2402-2418. Foster, D. R., Kittredge, D. B., Donahue, B., Motzkin, G., Orwig, D. A., Ellison, A. M., Hall, B., Colburn, E. A., D'Amato, A. 2005. Wildlands and Woodlands: A Vision for the Forests of Massachusetts. Harvard Forest Paper 27: 25. Foster, D. R., Knight, D., Franklin, J. F. 1998. Landscape patterns and legacies of large infrequent disturbances. Ecosystems 1: 497-510. Foster, D. R., Labich, W. 2008. A Wildland and Woodland Vision for the New England Landscape: Local Conservation, Biodiversity and the Global Environment. In: Askins, R. A., Dreyer, G. D., Visgilio, G. R., Whitelaw, D. M., Saving Biological Diversity, Springer, US. Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G. 1998. Ecology and conservation in the cultural landscape of New England: lessons from nature's history. Northeastern Naturalist 5: 111-126. Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G. 1999. Historical influences on the landscape of Martha's Vineyard: perspectives on the management of the Manuel F. Correllus State Forest. Harvard Forest Paper 23: . Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G. 2003. Interpreting and conserving the openland habitats of coastal New England: insights from landscape history. Forest Ecology and Management 185: 127-150. Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G., Bernardos, D., Cardoza, J. 2002. Historical wildlife dynamics in Massachusetts: Responses to land cover and land-use changes. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1337-1357. Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G., O'Keefe, J., Boose, E. R., Orwig, D. A., Fuller, J. L., Hall, B. 2004. The environmental and human history of New England. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G., Orwig, D. A., Aber, J. D., Melillo, J., Bowden, R. D., Bazzaz, F. 1998. Case studies in forest history and ecology from the Harvard Forest. Arnoldia 58: 32-44. Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G., Slater, B. 1998. Land-use history as long-term broad-scale disturbance: regional forest dynamics in central New England. Ecosystems 1: 96-119. Foster, D. R., O'Keefe, J. 2000. New England Forests Through Time: Insights from the Harvard Forest Dioramas. Harvard Forest and Harvard University Press, Petersham and Cambridge. Foster, D. R., Orwig, D. A. 2006. Pre-emptive and salvage harvesting of New England forests: when doing nothing is a viable alternative. Conservation Biology 20: 959-970. Foster, D. R., Orwig, D. A., McLachlan, J. S. 1996. Ecological and conservation insights from reconstructive studies of temperate old-growth forests. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 11: 419-424. Foster, D. R., Orwig, D. A., O'Keefe, J. F. 1996. Evaluation of the old-growth forest at Mount Wachusett, central Massachusetts. , . Foster, D. R., Orwig, D. A., O'Keefe, J. F. 1997. Impact of development on the forests of Wachusett Mountain. , . Foster, D. R., Orwig, D. A., O'Keefe, J. F. 1997. Old-growth forest monitoring on Wachusett Mountain. , . Foster, D. R., Oswald, W. W. , Faison, E. K. , Doughty, E. D. , Hansen, B. C. S. 2006. A climatic driver for abrupt mid-Holocene vegetation dynamics and the hemlock decline in New England. Ecology 87: 2959-2966. Foster, D. R., Schoonmaker, P. K., Pickett, S. T. A. 1990. Insights from paleoecology to community ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5: 119-122. Foster, D. R., Swanson, F. J., Aber, J. D., Burke, I., Brokaw, N., Tilman, D., Knapp, A. 2003. The Importance of Land-Use Legacies to Ecology and Conservation. BioScience 53: 77-88. Foster, D. R., Turner, B. L. 2003. The Long View: Human--Environment Relationships, 1000 BC--AD 1900. In: Turner, B. L., Geoghegan, J., Foster, D. R., I, Oxford University Press, New York. Foster, D. R., Wright Jr., H. E. 1990. Role of ecosystem development and climate change in bog formation in central Sweden. Ecology 71: 450-463. Foster, D. R., Wright Jr., H. E., Thelaus, M., King, G. A. 1988. Bog development and landform dynamics in central Sweden and south-eastern Labrador, Canada. Journal of Ecology 76: 1164-1185. Foster, D. R., Zebryk, T. M. 1993. Long-term vegetation dynamics and disturbance history of a Tsuga-dominated forest in New England. Ecology 74: 982-998. Foster, D. R., Zebryk, T. M., Schoonmaker, P. K., Lezberg, A. L. 1992. Post-settlement history of human land-use and vegetation dynamics of a hemlock woodlot in central New England. Journal of Ecology 80: 773-786. Francis, D. R. 2001. Reconstructing past hyopolimnetic oxygen conditions in a temperate multidepression lake using chemical evidence and chironomid remains. Journal of Paleolimnology 25: 351. Francis, D. R. 2004. Distribution of Midge Remains (Diptera: Chironomidae) in Surficial Lake Sediments in New England. Northeastern Naturalist 11: 459-478. Francis, D. R., Foster, D. R. 2001. Response of small New England ponds to historic land use. The Holocene 11: 301-312. Francis, D. R., Jude, D. J., Barres, J. A. 1998. Mercury Distribution in the Biota of a Great Lakes Estuary: Old Woman Creek, Ohio. Journal of Great Lakes Research 24: 595-607. Freedman, J. M., Fitzjarrald, D. R. 2001. Postfrontal airmass modification.. J. Hydromet : 419-437. Freedman, J. M., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Moore, K. E., Sakai, R. K. 2001. Boundary layer clouds and vegetation-atmosphere feedbacks. Journal of Climate 14: 180-197. French, J. C., Tomlinson, P.B. 1981. Vascular patterns in stems of Araceae: subfamily Pothoideae. American Journal of Botany 68: 713-729. Frey, S. D. 2006. Forest ecosystem responses to chronic nitrogen additions. Teaching Issues and Experiments in Ecology 4: . Frey, S. D., Drijber, R., Smith, H., Melillo, J. 2008. Microbial biomass, functional capacity, and community composition after twelve years of soil warming. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 40: 2904-2907. Frey, S. D., Knorr, M., Parrent, J. L., Simpson, R. T. 2004. Chronic nitrogen enrichment affects the structure and function of the soil microbial community in temperate hardwood and pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 159-171. Fritz, S. C. 2007. Deciphering climatic history from lake sediments. Journal of Paleolimnology : . Fritz, S. C., Baker, P. A., Seltzer, G. O., Ballantyne, A., Tapia, P., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L. 2007. Quaternary glaciation and hydrologic variation in the South American tropics as reconstructed from the Lake Titicaca drilling project. Quaternary Research : . Fry, B., Jones, D. E., Kling, G. W., McKane, R. B., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Peterson, B. J. 1995. Adding 15N tracers to ecosystem experiments. In: Wada, E., Yoneyama, T., Minagawa, M., Ando, T., Fry, B., Stable Isotopes in the Biosphere, Kyoto University Press, Kyoto, Japan. Fuller, J. L. 1997. Holocene forest dynamics in southern Ontario, Canada: fine-resolution pollen data. Canadian Journal of Botany 75: 1714-1727. Fuller, J. L. 1998. Ecological impact of the mid-Holocene hemlock decline in southern Ontario, Canada. Ecology 79: 2337-2351. Fuller, J. L., Foster, D. R., McLachlan, J. S., Drake, N. 1998. Impact of human activity on regional forest composition and dynamics in central New England. Ecosystems 1: 76-95. Fuller, J. L., Foster, D. R., Motzkin, G., McLachlan, J., Barry, S. 2004. Broad-scale forest response to land-use and climate change. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Furuya, M., Torrey, J. G. 1964. The reversible inhibition by red and far-red light of auxin-induced lateral root initiation in isolated pea roots. Plant Physiology 39: 987-991. Galun, E., Torrey, J. G. 1969. Initiation and Suppression of Apical Hairs of Fucus Embryos. Developmental Biology 19: 447-459. Gast, P. R. 1925. Studies of the humus layers of coniferous forests, their peculiarities and their dependence upon silviculture. Medd. Statens Skogsforsoksanst 22: 169-552. Gast, P. R. 1927. Insolation and silvics with reference to studies at the Harvard Forest. Thesis, Harvard University. Gast, P. R. 1930. "Conclusion" in the evolution of soils. Harvard Forest Bulletin 15: 74-78. Gast, P. R. 1930. A thermoelectric radiometer for silvical research. Harvard Forest Bulletin 14: 76. Gast, P. R. 1931. "Comment" in the physical properties of the cove soils. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 2 : 35-37. Gast, P. R. 1936. Studies in the development of conifers in raw humus. III. The growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings in pot cultures of different soils under varied radiation intensities. Statens Skogforsoksanst 29: 582-587. Gast, P. R. 1937. Contrasts between the soil profiles developed under pines and hardwoods. Journal of Forestry 35: 11-16. Gast, P. R. 1965. Modification and measurement of sun, sky and terrestrial radiation for eco-phsiological studies. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Montpellier Symposium, Methodology of Plant Eco-Physiology. . Gast, P. R., Stickel, P. W. 1929. Solar radiation and relative humidity in relation to duff moisture and forest fire hazard. Monthly Weather Review 57: 466-468. Gaudinski, J. B., Trumbore, S. E., Davidson, E. A., Belk, E. 1997. Determination of organic carbon turnover rates at Harvard Forest, Massachusetts. Proceedings of Agronomy Abstracts Annual Meeting. Anaheim, CA. Gaudinski, J. B., Trumbore, S. E., Davidson, E. A., Richter, A. 2001. The age of fine-root carbon in three forests of the eastern United States measured by radiocarbon.. Oecologia 129: 420-429. Gaudinski, J. B., Trumbore, S. E., Davidson, E. A., Zheng, S. 2000. Soil carbon cycling in a temperate forest: radiocarbon-based estimates of residence times, sequestration rates and partitioning of fluxes. Biogeochemistry 51: 33-69. Gavin, D. G., Brubaker, L. B. , McLachlan, J. S., Oswald, W. W. 2005. Correspondence of pollen assemblages with forest zones across steep environmental gradients, Olympic Peninsula, Washington, USA. The Holocene 15: 633-650. George, L. O. 1996. The understory as an ecological filter. Thesis, Harvard University. George, L. O., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. The fern understory as an ecological filter: growth and survival of canopy tree seedlings. Ecology 80: 846-856. Gerbig, C., Lin, J. C. , Munger, J. W. , Wofsy, S. C. 2006. What can Tracer Observations in the Continental Boundary Layer tell us about Surface-Atmosphere Fluxes?. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6: . Gerbig, C., Lin, J. C., Wofsy, S. C., Daube, B. C., Andrews, A. E., Stephens, B. B., Bakwin, P. S., Grainger, C. A. 2003. Towards constraining regional scale fluxes of CO2 with atmospheric observations over a continent: 1. Observed Spatial Variability. Journal of Geophysical Research : 108,.D24,4756 (14 pp). Gerbig, C., Lin, J. C., Wofsy, S. C., Daube, B. C., Andrews, A. E., Stephens, B. B., Bakwin, P. S., Grainger, C. A. 2003. Towards constraining regional scale fluxes of CO2 with atmospheric observations over a continent: 2. Analysis of COBRA data using a receptor oriented framework. Journal of Geophysical Research : 108,.D24,4757 (27 pp). Gerhardt, F. 1993. Physiographic and historical influences of forest composition in central New England, U.S.A.. Thesis, Harvard University. Gerhardt, F., Foster, D. R. 2002. Physiographical and historical effects on forest vegetation in central New England, USA. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1421-1437. Gevorkiantz, S. R., Hosley, N. W. 1929. Form and development of white pine stands in relation to growing space. Harvard Forest Bulletin 13: 83. Gill, A. M. 1971. The formation, growth and fate of buds of Fraxinus americana L. in central Masachusetts. Harvard Forest Paper 20: 16. Gill, A. M., Tomlinson, P.B. 1977. Studies on the Growth of Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle L.). 4. The Adult Root System. Biotropica 9: 145-155. Gill, A. M., Tomlinson, P.B. 1971. Studies on the Growth of Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle L.) 3. Phenology of the Shoot. Biotropica 3: 109-124. Gill, C. E., Prahar, L. , Yoder, R. D. 1942. A silvicultural study and management plan for Tom Swamp III. Thesis, Harvard University. Givan, C. V., Torrey, J. G. 1968. Fluoride inhibition of respiration and fermentation in cultured cells of Acer pseudoplatanus. Physiologia Plantarum 21: 1010-1019. Givan, C. V., Torrey, J. G. 1968. Respiratory response of Acer pseudoplatanus cells to Pyruvate and 2,4-Dinitrophenol. Plant Physiology 43: 635-640. Glaser, P. H., Foster, D. R. 1984. The vascular flora of raised bogs in southeastern Labrador and its phytogeographic significance. Canadian Journal of Botany 62: 1361-1364. Godbold, D. L., Berntson, G. M. 1997. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations lead to changes in ectomycorrhizal morphotype assemblages in Betula papyrifera. Tree Physiology 17: 347-350. Godbold, D. L., Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Growth and mycorrhizal colonization of three North-American tree species under elevated atmospheric CO2. New Phytologist 137: 433-440. Goforth, P. L., Torrey, J. G. 1977. The development of isolated roots of Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. (Myricaceae) in culture. American Journal of Botany 64: 476-482. Goldstein, A. H. 1994. Non-methane hydrocarbons above a mid-latitude forest: biogenic emissions and seasonal concentration variations. Thesis, Harvard University. Goldstein, A. H., Daube, B. C., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C. 1995. Automated in situ monitoring of atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon concentrations and gradients. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 21: 43-59. Goldstein, A. H., Fan, S. M., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C. 1996. Emissions of ethene propene and 1-butene by a midlatitude forest. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 9149-9157. Goldstein, A. H., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C., Geron, C. D. 1998. Seasonal course of isoprene emissions from a midlatitude deciduous forest.. Journal of Geophysical Research 103: 31045-31051. Goldstein, A. H., Spivokovsky, C. M., Wofsy, S. C. 1995. Seasonal variations of non-methane hydrocarbons in rural New England: constraints on OH concentrations in northern midlatitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research 100: 21023-21033. Golodetz, A. 1993. Historical patterns of land protection in north-central Massachusetts: the emergence of a greenway. Thesis, Hampshire College. Golodetz, A., Foster, D. R. 1997. History and importance of land use and protection in the North Quabbin Region of Massachusetts. Conservation Biology 11: 227-235. Goodale, C. L., Aber, J. D. 2000. The long-term effects of land-use history on nitrogen cycling in northern hardwood forests. Ecological Applications 11: 253-267. Goodale, C. L., Aber, J. D., Farrell, E. P. 1998. Applying an uncalibrated, physiologically based model of forest productivity to Ireland. Climate Research 10: 51-67. Goodale, C. L., Aber, J. D., McDowell, W. H. 2000. The long-term effects of disturbance on organic and inorganic nitrogen export in the White Mountains, New Hampshire. Ecosystems 3: 433-450. Goodale, C. L., Aber, J. D., Ollinger, S. V. 1998. Mapping monthly precipitation, temperature and solar radiation for Ireland with polynomial regression and a digital elevation model. Climate Research 10: 35-49. Goodell, B. C. 1937. A study of spring flood factors as influenced by forest cover types in central New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Goodlett, J. C. 1954. Vegetation adjacent to the border of the Wisconsin drift in Potter County, Pennsylvania. Harvard Forest Bulletin 25: 93. Goodlett, J. C. 1960. The development of site concepts at the Harvard Forest and their impact upon management policy. Harvard Forest Bulletin 28: 128. Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2002. Assembly rules for New England ant assemblages. Oikos 99: 591-599. Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2002. Biogeography at a Regional Scale: Determinants of Ant Species Density in New England Bogs and Forests. Ecology 83: 1604-1609. Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2002. Nitrogen deposition and extinction risk in the northern pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea. Ecology 83: 2758-2765. Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2004. A Primer of Ecological Statistics. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA. Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2006. Food-web models predict species abundances in response to habitat change. Public Library of Science Biology 14: e324. Gotelli, N. J., Ellison, A. M. 2006. Forecasting extinction risk with non-stationary matrix models. Ecological Applications 16: 51-61. Gottlieb, A. W. 1927. The occurrence of nitrogen in soil profiles under pine in various forest types. Thesis, Harvard University. Gould Jr., E. M. 1942. Economic problems of managing small woodlot holdings in New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Gould Jr., E. M. 1950. Economic problems of managing small woodland holdings in New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Gould Jr., E. M. 1952. Motivations of landowners in adopting different management practices. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the New England Research Council on Marketing and Food Supply. . Gould Jr., E. M. 1953. The role of capital in forest resource use and research in the economics forestry: report of the forest economics workshop. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the New England Research Council on Marketing and Food Supply. . Gould Jr., E. M. 1957. The Harvard Forest prism holder for point sampling. Journal of Forestry 55: 730-731. Gould Jr., E. M. 1960. Fifty years of management at the Harvard Forest. Harvard Forest Bulletin 29: 30. Gould Jr., E. M. 1961. Planning a recreation complex. American Forests 67: 30-35. Gould Jr., E. M. 1961. Review: Farm economics: New laws for new forests by E.D. Solberg. Journal of Farm Economics 43: . Gould Jr., E. M. 1962. Forest policy and economics. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1962. Forestry and recreation. Harvard Forest Paper 6: 17. Gould Jr., E. M. 1962. Forestry and recreation (Report No. 11). Proceedings of Economics in Outdoor Recreational Policy, Conference Proceedings-Committee on the Economics of Water Resources Development of the Western Agricultural Economics. . Gould Jr., E. M. 1964. Conservation and sustained yield. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1964. The future of forests in society. The Forestry Chronicle 40: 431-444. Gould Jr., E. M. 1965. Forest and water system problems. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Municipal Watershed Management Symposium. Amherst. Gould Jr., E. M. 1966. Changing economics of the forest products industries. Proceedings of Conference on the History of the Forest Products Industries. Graduate School of Business, Harvard University. Gould Jr., E. M. 1966. Forestry and the urban realm. The Forestry Chronicle 42: 285-293. Gould Jr., E. M. 1967. Forest and Water System Problems. UMass Cooperative Extension Service Publication, . Gould Jr., E. M. 1967. Simulation and forestry. Proceedings of Proceedings 14th IUFRO Congress (Section 25). Munich. Gould Jr., E. M. 1968. Planning for forest development on small holdings. Journal of Forestry 66: 792-795. Gould Jr., E. M. 1969. Scholars in the forest. Southern Lumberman 219: 185-188. Gould Jr., E. M. 1969. Whatever became of the invisible hand?. Forest History 12: 7-9. Gould Jr., E. M. 1970. Forestry in Massachusetts. In: Ashman, R. I., A Half Century of Forestry 1920-1970, N.E. Section, Society of American Foresters, Littleton, NH. Gould Jr., E. M. 1971. The Harvard Forest: a window on the world. Massachusetts Land League 2: 2 pp. Gould Jr., E. M. 1971. Values, trees and the urban realm. In: , Trees and Forests in an Urbanizing Environment, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Massachusetts, . Gould Jr., E. M. 1972. Toward a new forest decision model. In: , A Perspective on Clear-cutting in a Changing World. State University College of Forestry at Syracuse. AFRI Misc. Report No.4, , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1973. Clearcutting and economics. In: E.C.J. Horwitz, Clearcutting, a View from the Top, Acropolis Books, Ltd., Washington, D.C.. Gould Jr., E. M. 1973. Future expectations. In: Wm. A. Duerr, Timber: Problems, Prospects, Policies, Iowa University Press, Ames, Iowa. Gould Jr., E. M. 1973. How is forestry shaping up, futurewise?. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1975. The plan is to act. Journal of Forestry 73: 90-93. Gould Jr., E. M. 1975. The search for parity. Journal of Forestry 73: 217-221. Gould Jr., E. M. 1975. Wilderness: what are the opportunities?. Journal of Forestry 73: 8-11. Gould Jr., E. M. 1976. Miscellaneous owners: expectations and realities. Proceedings of America's Renewable Resource Potential-1975: The Turning Point. Proc. 1975 National Convention, Society of American Foresters. . Gould Jr., E. M. 1976. The Future of Forest Industry in the Northeast. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1977. Harvard Forest management game. Journal of Forestry 75: 587-589. Gould Jr., E. M. 1978. Wanted: high-satisfaction forestry. Journal of Forestry 76: 715-717. Gould Jr., E. M. 1979. Report of the Massachusetts Forestry Program Review Board. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1980. Economic prospects of private forest owners. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1980. New England forestry round the bend. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1981. The past and future of New England forests. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1982. Forest succession - the human factor. In: D. Howlett, The Small Woodland Owner in Maine, Tech. Notes No. 85, College of Forest Resources, University of Maine, Orono, ME. Gould Jr., E. M. 1983. The planning process today - its strengths and weaknesses. Proceedings of Proceedings New England Section, Society of American Foresters, 63rd annual winter meeting. Burlington, VT. Gould Jr., E. M. 1983. The woodlot. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1984. Culture and guides to action. Proceedings of Fees for Outdoor Recreation on Lands Open to the Public, AMC Conference Proceedings. . Gould Jr., E. M. 1984. Even-flow sustained yield is antisocial. Journal of Forestry 82: 641. Gould Jr., E. M. 1984. Fee or free, fight or flight. Appalachia Bulletin 51: 8-10. Gould Jr., E. M. 1984. Riding the winds of change in Maine's forests. , . Gould Jr., E. M. 1985. Managing a small woodlot. Arnoldia 445: 1-12. Gould Jr., E. M. 1986. Where have all the forests gone? Long time passing. In: D.T. Funk, Eastern White Pine: Today and Tomorrow. USDA Forest Service. General Technocal Report WO-51, , . Gould Jr., E. M., C.H. Reidel. 1979. The Yankee forest. Journal of Forestry 77: 558-562. Gould Jr., E. M., W.G. O'Regan 1965. Simulation: A step toward better forest planning. Harvard Forest Paper 13: 86. Gould Jr., E. W. 1937. Occurrence of low-growing game foods in the old field white pine mixed hardwood succession in the Harvard Forest. Thesis, Harvard University. Gould, H. F. 1911. Some preliminary investigations concerning the ratio between D.B.H. and D.I.B. at stump for white pine in Massachusetts. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 1: 44-45. Gould, V. A. 1938. A study of the winter relations of the snowshoe hare in the Harvard Forest. Thesis, Harvard University. Goulden, M. L., Daube, B. C., Fan, S.-M., Sutton, D. J., Bazzaz, F., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C. 1998. Physiological responses of a black spruce forest to weather. Journal of Geophysical Research 102: 28987-29007. Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W. , Fan, S. M., Daube, B. C., Wofsy, S. C. 1996. Exchange of carbon dioxide by a deciduous forest: response to interannual climate variability. Science 271: 1576-1578. Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Fan, S.-M., Daube, B. C., Wofsy, S. C. 1996. Effects of interannual climate variability on the carbon dioxide exchange of a temperate deciduous forest. Science 271: 1576-1578. Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Fan, S.-M., Daube, B. C., Wofsy, S. C. 1996. Measurements of carbon sequestration by long-term eddy covariance: methods and a critical evaluation of accuracy. Global Change Biology 2: 169-182. Goulden, M. L., Wofsy, S. C., Harden, J. W., Trumbore, S. E., Crill, P. M., Gower, S. T., Fires, T., Daube, B. C., Fan, S.-M., Sutton, D. J., Bazzaz, A., Munger, J. W. 1998. Sensitivity of boreal forest carbon balance to soil thaw. Science 279: 214-217. Graves, H. S., Fisher, R. T. 1903. The Woodlot: A handbook for owners of woodlands in southern New England. USDA, Bureau of Forestry--Bulletin No. 42 : 82 pp. Greenland, D., Hayden, B. P., Magnuson, J. J., Ollinger, S. V., Pielke Sr., R. A., Smith, R. C. 2003. LTER Program long-term research on biosphere-atmosphere interactions. Bioscience 53: 33-45. Gregory, R. A., Wilson, B. F. 1968. A comparison of cambial activity of white spruce in Alaska and New England. Canadian Journal of Botany 46: 733. Griffith, B. G., Hartwell, E.W. , Shaw, T. E. 1930. The evolution of soils as affected by the old field white pine-mixed hardwood succession in central New England. Harvard Forest Bulletin 15: 82. Griffith, C., Kim, E. S., Donohue, K. 2004. Life-history variation and adaptation in the historically mobile plant, Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae), in North America. American Journal of Botany 91: 837-849. Grossenbacher, K. A. 1945. An apparatus to maintain a surface film of water for use in vegetative propagation. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 26: 207-211. Gu, L. D., Baldocchi, D. D., Wofsy, S. C., Munger, J. W., Michalsky, J. J., Urbanski, S. P., Boden, T. A. 2003. Response of a deciduous forest to the Mount Pinatubo eruption: Enhanced photosynthesis. Science 299: 2035-2038. Gu, L. H., Falge, E. M., Boden, T. A., Baldocchi, D. D., Black, T. A., Saleska, S. R., Suni, T., Verma, S. B., Vesala, T., Wofsy, S. C., Xu, L. K. 2005. Objective threshold determination for nighttime eddy flux filtering. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 128: 179-197. Gulledge, J., Hrywna, Y., Cavanaugh, C., Steudler, P. A. 2004. Effects of long-term nitrogen fertilization on the uptake kinetics of atmospheric methane in temperate forest soils. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 49: 389-400. Hack, J. T., Goodlett, J. 1960. Geomorphology and Forest Ecology of a Mountain Region in the Central Appalachians. USGS Professional Paper 347: 66. Hadley, J. L. 2000. Effect of Daily Minimum Temperature on Photosynthesis in Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L.) in Autumn and Winter. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 32: 368-374. Hadley, J. L. 2000. Understory microclimate and photosynthetic response of saplings in an old-growth eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L.) forest. Ecoscience 7: 66-72. Hadley, J. L., Kuzeja, P.S., Daley, M.J., Phillips, N.G., Mulcahy, T., Singh, S. 2008. Water use and carbon exchange of red oak- and eastern hemlock-dominated forests in the northeastern U.S.: Implications for ecosystem-level effects of the hemlock woolly adelgid. Tree Physiology 28: 614-627. Hadley, J. L., Schedlbauer, J. L. 2002. Carbon Exchange of an Old-Growth Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) Forest in Central New England. Tree Physiology 22: 1079-1092. Hagenstein, P. R. 1971. Multiple use and environmental decisions on public lands. Journal of Forestry 69: 21-24. Hale, W. F. 1910. Disposal of slash in relation to forest management. Thesis, Harvard University. Hall, B. R., Raynal, D. J., Leopold, D. J. 2001. Environmental Influences on Plant Species Composition in Ground-Water Seeps in the Catskill Mountains of New York. Wetlands 21: 125-134. Hall, B., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R., Syfert, M., Burk, J. 2002. Three hundred years of forest and land-use change in Massachusetts, USA. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1319-1335. Halle, F., Oldeman, R.A.A., Tomlinson, P. B. 1978. Tropical Trees and Forests, an Architectural Analysis. Springer-Verlag, New York. Halle, F., Tomlinson, P. B. 2006. Tree architecture in the vicinity of Auckland. Auckland Botanical Society Journal 60: 66-68. Hammett, R. F. 1913. Fire protection. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 2: 9-12. Hanson, E. A. 1939. Reproduction systems in the pine-hardwood succession in old fields, Tom Swamp. Thesis, Harvard University. Hari, P., Raivonen, M., Vesala, T., Munger, J. W., Pilegaard, K., Kulmala, M. 2003. Atmospheric science - Ultraviolet light and leaf emission of NOx. Nature 422: 134-134. Harmon, M. E. 2006. Chapter 2: Atmospheric carbon dioxide.. In: Salwasser, H., Cloughsey, M., Forests and Carbon, Oregon Forest Research Institute, Portland, OR. Harmon, M. E. 2009. Chapter 8. Woody Detritus Mass and its Contribution to Carbon Dynamics of Old-Growth Forests: the Temporal Context. In: Wirth, C., Gleixner, G., Heirmann, Martin, Old-Growth Forests, Ecological Studies 207, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. Harmon, M. E., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Blair, J. M. 1999. Measuring decomposition, nutrient turnover and stores in plant litter. In: Robertson, G. P., Bledsoe, C. S., Coleman, D. C., Sollins, P., Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research, Oxford University Press, New York. Harmon, M. E., Phillips, D. L. , Battles, J. J., Rassweiler, A., Hall, Jr, R. O. , Lauenroth, W. K. 2007. Quantifying Uncertainty in Net Primary Production Measurements. In: Fahey, T. J., Knapp, A. K. , Principles and Standards for Measuring Net Primary Production in Long-Term Ecological Studies, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England. Harmon, M. E., Silver, W. L., Fasth, B., Chen, H., Burke, I. C., Parton, W. J., Hart, S. C., Currie, W. S., LIDET 2009. Long-term patterns of mass loss during the decomposition of leaf and fine root litter: an intersite comparison. Global Change Biology 15: 1320-1338. Harper, J. L., J. White. 1974. The demography of plants. Annual Reviews of Ecology and Systematics 5: 419-463. Harper, J. L., White, J. 1972. The dynamics of plant populations. Proceedings of Dynamics of Populations. Proceedings of Advanced Study Institute, Centre for Agric. Publ. and Docum.. Wageningen, Netherlands. Harper, K. A., Macdonald, S. E., Burton, P.J., Chen, J., Brosofske, K. D., Saunders, S. C., Euskirchen, E. S., Roberts, D., Jaiteh, M. S., Esseen, P.-A. 2005. Edge influence on forest structure and composition in fragmented landscapes. Conservation Biology 19: 768-782. Harrington, C. A., Karnig, J. J. 1975. Growth increase after moderate thinning in a 70-year-old mixed oak stand. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 31 : . Harris, S. L., Silvester, W. B. 1994. Frankia and Actinorhizal Plants. Selected Papers from the Ninth International Conference - Dedicated to the Memory of John Torrey. Harrod, J. C., White, P. S., Harmon, M. E. 1998. Changes in xeric forests in western Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Castanea 63: 346-360. Harrod, J. C., White, R. D. 1999. Age structure and radial growth in xeric pine-oak forests in western Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 126: 139-146. Hartley, A. E., Neill, C., Crabtree, R. C., Melillo, J. M., Bowles, F. P. 1999. Plant performance and soil N mineralization in response to simulated climate change in subarctic dwarf shrub heath. Oikos 86: 331-343. Harvard Forest Summer Student Research Assistants 1995. Abstracts from the 3rd annual Harvard Forest Summer Student Symposium 10 August 1995. Hatch, A. B. 1937. The physical basis of mycotrophy in Pinus. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No.6 : 17 pp. Hathaway, W. H. 1954. The influence of soil moisture on site in Tom Swamp I, Harvard Forest. Thesis, Harvard University. Hatt, R. T. 1929. The red squirrel: its life history and habits, with special reference to the Adirondacks of New York and the Harvard Forest. Bulletin of the New York State College of Forestry at Syracuse University 2: 11-146. Hatt, R. T. 1930. The relation of mammals to the Harvard Forest. Bulletin of the New York State College of Forestry at Syracuse University 3: 625-671. He, J-S., Zhang, Q-B, Bazzaz, F. A. 2005. Differential drought responses between saplings and adult trees in four co-occurring species of New England. Trees 19: 442-450. He, J. S., Bazzaz, F. A. 2003. Density-dependent responses of reproductive allocation to elevated atmospheric CO2 in Phytolacca americana. New Phytologist 157: 229-239. Heimann, M., Esser, G., Haxeltine, A., Kaduk, J., Kicklighter, D. W., Knorr, W., Kohlmaier, G. H., McGuire, A. D., Melillo, J., Moore, B., Otto, R. D., Prentice, I. C., Sauf, W., Schloss, A. L., Sitch, S., Wittenberg, U., Würth, G. 1998. Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models through simulations of the seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2: first results of a model intercomparison study. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12: 1-24. Heinsch, F. A., Zhao, C., Running, S. W., Kimball, J. S., Nemani, R. R., Davis, K. J., Bolstad, P. V., Cook, B. D., Desai, A. R. , Ricciuto, D. M., Law, B. E., Oechel, W. C. , Kwon, H., Luo, H., Wofsy, S. C., Dunn, A. L., Munger, J. W. , Baldocchi, D. D., Xu, L. K., Hollinger, D. Y., Richardson, A. D., Stoy, P. C., Siqueira, M. B. S., Monson,R. K. , Burns, S. P., Flanagan, L. B. 2006. Evaluation of Remote Sensing Based Terrestrial Productivity From MODIS Using Regional Tower Eddy Flux Network Observations. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 44: 1908-1925. Hendricks, J. J. 1994. Assessing the effects of nitrogen availability on fine root turnover and tissue chemistry in forest ecosystems. Thesis, University of New Hampshire. Hendricks, J. J., Aber, J. D., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Hallett, R. D. 2000. Nitrogen controls on fine root substrate quality in temperate forest ecosystems. Ecosystems 3: 57-69. Hendricks, J. J., Nadelhoffer, K. J. , Aber, J. D. 1993. Assessing the Role of Fine Roots in Carbon and Nutrient Cycling. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 8: 174-178. Hendricks, J. J., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Aber, J. D. 1993. The role of fine roots in energy and nutrient cycling. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8: 174-178. Hendricks, J. J., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Aber, J. D. 1997. A 15N tracer technique for assessing fine root production and turnover. Oecologia 112: 300-304. Henry, J. D. 1968. The Pisgah Forest: 300 years of change. Thesis, Harvard University. Henry, J. D., Swan, J.M.A. 1974. Reconstructing forest history from live and dead plant material - an approach to the study of forest succession in southwest New Hampshire. Ecology 55: 772-783. Herr, C. S. 1930. The regrowth of hardwood sprouts resulting from repeated weedings. Thesis, Harvard University. Hibbs, D. E. 1979. The age structure of a striped maple population. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research 9: 504-508. Hibbs, D. E. 1981. Development of the forest canopy - a key to silviculture. The Northern Logger and Timber Processor 29: 62,78. Hibbs, D. E. 1981. Leader growth and the architecture of three North American hemlocks. Canadian Journal of Botany 59: 476-480. Hibbs, D. E. 1982. Gap dynamics in a hemlock-hardwood forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 12: 522-527. Hibbs, D. E. 1982. White pine in the transition hardwood forest. Canadian Journal of Botany 60: 2046-2053. Hibbs, D. E. 1983. Forty years of forest succession in central New England. Ecology 64: 1394-1401. Hibbs, D. E., Fischer, B. C. 1979. Sexual and vegetative reproduction of striped maple (Acer pensylvanium L.). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 106: 222-227. Hibbs, D. E., Wilson, B. F., Fischer, B. C. 1979. Striped maple: a silvicultural problem with a solution. Northern Logger 28: 19. Hibbs, D. E., Wilson, B. F., Fischer, B. C. 1980. Habitat requirements and growth of striped maple (Acer pensylvanicum). Ecology 61: 490-496. Hick, R. M. 1927. Influence of land, history and legislative enactments on the character and condition of the state forests of Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Hill, C. 1997. The representation of categorical ambiguity: a comparison of fuzzy, probabilistic Boolean and index approaches in suitability analysis. Thesis, Harvard University. Hill, M. 1948. A comparative study of aerial photographs for forest photo-interpretation, Slab City IX. Thesis, Harvard University. Hirose, T., Ackerly, D. D., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. CO. In: Ch. Körner, F. A. Bazzaz, Carbon Dioxide, Populations and Communities, Academic Press, London. Hirose, T., Ackerly, D. D., Traw, M. B., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Effects of CO2 elevation on canopy development in the stands of two co-occurring annuals. Oecologia 108: 215-223. Hirsch, A. I., Munger, J. W., Jacob, D. J., Horowitz, L. W., Goldstein, A. H. 1996. Seasonal variation of the ozone production efficiency per unit NOx at Harvard Forest, Massachusetts. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 12659-12666. Hirsch, A. M., Bhuvaneswari, T. V., Torrey, J. G., Bisseling, T. 1989. Early nodulin genes are induced in alfalfa root outgrowths elicited by auxin transport inhibitors. Proceedings of Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. . Hirsch, A. M., Pengelly, W. L., Torrey, J. G. 1982. Endogenous IAA levels in boron-deficient and control root tips of sunflower. Botanical Gazette 143: 15-19. Hirsch, A. M., Torrey, J. G. 1980. Ultrastructural changes in sunflower root cells in relation to boron deficiency and added auxin. Canadian Journal of Botany 58: 856-866. Hobbie, E. A. 2005. Using isotopic tracers to follow carbon and nitrogen cycling of fungi. In: J. Dighton, P. Oudemans, J. White, The Fungal Community: Its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Hobbie, E. A. 2006. Carbon allocation to ectomycorrhizal fungi correlates with total belowground allocation in culture studies. Ecology 87: 563-569. Hobbie, E. A., Wallander, H. 2006. Integrating ectomycorrhizal fungi into quantitative frameworks of forest carbon and nitrogen cycling. In: G.M. Gadd, Fungi in Biogeochemical Cycles, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Hobbie, E. A., Werner, R. A. 2004. Intramolecular, compound-specific, and bulk carbon isotope patterns in C3 and C4 plants: a review and synthesis. New Phytologist 161: 371-385. Hobbie, J. E., Hobbie, E. A. 2006. 15N content in symbiotic fungi and plants estimates nitrogen and carbon flux rates in Arctic tundra. Ecology 87: 816-822. Hoffman, D. 1950. The role of photo-periodism in controlling height growth in Populus spp. Thesis, Harvard University. Hoisington, R. E. 1950. A silvicultural plan for the management of red oak in central New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Holbrook, N. M., Zwieniecki, M. A. 1999. Embolism repair and xylem tension: do we need a miracle?. Plant Physiology 120: 7-10. Holbrook, N. M., Zwieniecki, M. A., Melcher, P. J. 2002. The dynamics of "dead" wood: maintenance of water transport through plant stems. Integrative and Comparative Biology 42: 492-496. Holowinsky, A. W., Moore, P. B., Torrey, J. G. 1965. Regulatory Aspects of Chloroplast Growth in Leaves of Xanthium Pensylvanicum and Etiolated Red Kidney Bean Seedling Leaves. Protoplasma 60: 94-110. Holsoe, T. 1933. Management of red oak and white ash with special reference to thinning. Thesis, Harvard University. Holsoe, T. 1947. The relation of tree development to the timing of the first thinning in even-aged hardwood stands. Harvard Forest Paper 2: 25. Holsoe, T. 1948. Crown development and basil area growth of red oak and white ash. Harvard Forest Paper 3: 33. Honda, H., Tomlinson, P. B., Fisher, J. B. 1981. Computer simulation of branch interaction and regulation by unequal flow rates in botanical trees. American Journal of Botany 68: 569-585. Honda, H., Tomlinson, P. B., Fisher, J. B. 1982. Two geometrical models of branching of botanical trees. Ann. Bot. 49: 1-11. Horii, C. V., Munger, S. C., Wofsy, S. C., Zahniser, M. S., Nelson, D., McManus, J. B. 2004. Fluxes of Nitrogen Oxides over a Temperate Deciduous Forest. Journal of Geophysical Research 109: D08305. Horii, C. V., Zahniser, M. S., Nelson, D. D., McManus, J. B., Wofsy, S. C. 1999. Nitric acid and nitrogen dioxide flux measurements: a new application of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. SPIE 3758: 152-165. Horii, C., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C., Zahniser, M. S., Nelson, D, McManus, J. B. 2006. Atmospheric reactive nitrogen concentrations and flux budgets at a northeastern U. S. forest site. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 136: 159-174. Horn, H. S. 1975. Forest succession. Scientific American 232: 90-98. Horn, J. W., Fisher, J. B., Tomlinson, P. B., Lewis, C. E., Laubengayer, K. 2009. Evolution of Lamina Anatomy in the Palm Family (Arecaceae). American Journal of Botany 96: 1462-1486. Hosley, N. W. 1925. A mystery of the treetops. American Forestry and Forestry Life 31: 455-457. Hosley, N. W. 1928. A preliminary study of borer damage in stacked white pine lumber. Journal of Forestry 26: 888-891. Hosley, N. W. 1928. Red squirrel damage to coniferous plantations and its relation to changing food habits. Ecology 9: 43-48. Hosley, N. W. 1931. Wild animal damage to New England forests. Journal of Forestry 29: 700-708. Hosley, N. W. 1935. The essentials of a management plan for forest wildlife in New England. Journal of Forestry 33: 985-989. Hosley, N. W. 1936. Food and cover for wildlife. American Wildlife 25: 36,44-46. Hosley, N. W. 1936. Forest wildlife census methods applicable to New England conditions. Journal of Forestry 34: 467-471. Hosley, N. W. 1936. Norway spruce in the northeastern United States: A study of existing plantations. Harvard Forest Bulletin 19: 80. Hosley, N. W. 1937. Some interrelations of wildlife management and forest management. Journal of Forestry 35: 674-67. Hosley, N. W. 1937. Woody plants of New England used as food by birds and mammals. Connecticut Forester : 20-26. Hosley, N. W., HamiltonJr., W.G. , MacGregor, A. E. 1937. Late summer and early fall foods of the red fox in central Massachusetts. Journal of Mammology 18: 366-367. Hosley, N. W., Ziebarth, R. K. 1935. Some winter relations of the white-tailed deer to the forests in north central Massachusetts. Ecology 16: 535-553. Hosmer, R. S. 1934. Richard Thornton Fisher. Journal of Forestry 32: 680-683. Hou, J., Huang, Y., Oswald, W. W., Foster, D. R., Shuman, B. 2007. Centennial-scale compound-specific hydrogen isotope record of Pleistocene - Holocene climate transition from southern New England.. Geophysical Research Letters : doi:10.1029/2007GL030303. Hou, J., Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Shuman, B., Oswald, W. W., Faison, E. K., Foster, D. R. 2006. Postglacial climate reconstruction based on compound-specific D/H ratios of fatty acids from Blood Pond, New England. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 7: Q03008. Howard, W. G. 1911. Land surveying in forestry. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 1: 36-41. Hughes, G. D. 1997. Alien Plant Invasion on Hawaiian Mountains - in relation to canopy cover and feral ungulate activity. Thesis, . Hughes, L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Effect of elevated CO2 on interactions between the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca. Oecologia 109: 286-290. Hunt, S. S. 1931. European larch in the northeastern United States: A study of existing plantations. Harvard Forest Bulletin 16: 45. Hurst, J. M., Barket, D. J., Herrera-Gomez, O., Couch, T. L., Shepson, P. B., Faloona, I., Tan, D., Brune, W., Westberg, H., Lamb, B., Biesenthal, T., Young, V., Goldstein, A. H., Munger, J. W., Carroll, M. A., Thornberry, T. 2001. Investigation of the nighttime decay of isoprene. Journal of Geophysical Research 106: 24335-24346. Ingerson, A. E. 2004. From Contracts to Consequences: History as an Adaptive Management Tool for National Forests and Local Communities. In: Foster, C.H.W., Hagenstein, P. R., Forest Conservation and Stewardship in Massachusetts, , U.S.A.. Ireland, A. W., Mew, B. J., Foster, D. R. 2008. Bob Marshall’s forest reconstruction study: three centuries of ecological resilience to disturbance. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125: 411-422. Jabbar, S. A. 1963. The anatomy of healing of pruned stubs in Norway spruce. Thesis, Harvard University. Jack, J. G. 1911. Trees and other woody plants found in the Harvard Forest, 1908-09. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 1: 10-26. Jasienski, M., Ayala, F. J., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Phenotypic plasticity and similarity of DNA among genotypes of an annual plant. Heredity 78: 176-181. Jasienski, M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. The fallacy of ratios and the testability of models in biology. Oikos 84: 321-326. Jasienski, M., Thomas, S. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Blaming the trees: a critique of research on forest responses to high CO2. Tree 13: 427. Jefts, S., Orwig, D. A. 2005. The effects of HWA outbreaks on ecosystem level changes in southern New England. Proceedings of 3rd Symposium on Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Eastern United States. Newtown, PA. Jeglum, J. K., Wehrhann, C. F., Swan, J.M.A. 1971. Comparisons of environmental ordinations with principal component vegetational ordinations for sets of data having different degrees of complexity. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 1: 99-112. Jeje, A. A. 1979. Rates of spontaneous movement of water in capillary tubes. Journal of Colloidal and Interface Science 69: 420-429. Jeje, A. A., Odetola, A. O., Zimmermann, M. H. 1978. Transpiration and oil accumulation rates for developing oil palm fruits Elaeis guineensis Jacq.. Acta Bot. Neerl. 27: 213-228. Jeje, A. A., Zimmermann, M. H. 1979. Resistance to water flow in xylem vessels. Journal of Experimental Botany 30: 817-827. Jeje, A., Zimmermann, M. H. 1983. The Anisotropy of the Mesophyll and CO2 Capture Sites in Vicia faba L. Leaves at Low Light Intensities. Journal of Experimental Botany 34: 1676-1694. Jenkins, J. C., Aber, J. D., Canham, C. 1999. Hemlock woolly adelgid impacts on community structure and N cycling rates in eastern hemlock forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29: 630-645. Jenkins, J. C., Kicklighter, D. W., Aber, J. D. 1999. Sources of variability in NPP predictions at a regional scale: a comparison using PnET-II and TEM 4.0 in northeastern forests. Ecosystems 2: 555-570. Jenkins, J. C., Kicklighter, D. W., Aber, J. D. 2000. Predicting the regional impacts of increased CO. In: Birdsey, R., Hom, J., Mickler, R., Responses of Northern Forests to Environmental Change, Springer-Verlag, . Jenkins, J. C., Motzkin, G., Ward, K. 2008. The Harvard Forest Flora. An Inventory, Analysis and Ecological History. Harvard Forest Paper 28: 266. Jenkins, S. H. 1975. Food selection by beavers: a multidimensional contingency table analysis. Oecologia 21: 157-173. Jenkins, S. H. 1978. Food selection by beavers: sampling behavior. Breviora 447: 1-6. Jenkins, S. H. 1979. Seasonal and year-to-year differences in food selection by beavers. Oecologia 44: 112-116. Jenkins, S. H. 1980. A size-distance relation in food selection by beavers. Ecology 61: 740-746. Jenkins, S. H. 1981. Problems, progress, and prospects in studies of food selection by beavers. Proceedings of Worldwide Furbearers Conference Proceedings. . Johden, A. J. 1949. Preliminary investigation of the utilization of hardwood thinnings. Thesis, Harvard University. Johnson, F., Raup, H. M. 1947. Grassy Island: Archaeological and botanical investigations of an Indian site in the Taunton River, Massachusetts. , . Johnson, G. T. 1953. The Petersham Foray. Mycologia XLV: 794-800. Johnson, T. C., Barry, S. L., Chan, Y., Wilkinson, P. 2001. Decadal record of climate variability spanning the past 700 years in the Southern Tropics of East Africa. Geology 29: 83. Johnson, T. C., Brown, E. T., McManus, J., Barry, S., Barker, P., Gasse, F. 2002. A high-resolution paleoclimate record spanning the past 25,000 years in southern East Africa. Science 296:: 113-132. Johnston, J. W. 1932. The fauna of soil as affected by the old field white pine-mixed hardwood succession. Thesis, Harvard University. Jones, J. A. 2005. Intersite comparisons of rainfall-runoff processes. In: M. Anderson, Encyclopedia of Hydrologic Sciences, John Wiley, Chichester, England. Jones, N. 1991. An ecological history of agricultural land use in two Massachusetts towns. Thesis, Hampshire College. Kahl, J. S., Nelson, S., Fernandez, I. J., Haines, T., Wiersma, G. B., Norton, S., Jacobson Jr., G., Amirbahman, A., Johnson, A. G., Schauffler, M., Peckenham, J., Rustad, L. E., Tonnessen, K., Neilsen, M., Weathers, K., Lent, R. A., Bank, M. S., Elvir, J., Eckhoff, J., Caron, H., Ruck, P., Parker, J., Campbell, J. L., Manski, D., Breen, R., Roman, C., Sheehan, K., Grygo, A. 2007. Effects of landscape heterogeneity on stream water biogeochemistry at Acadia National Park, Maine, USA. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment (Special Nitrogen & Mercury Biogeochemistry in Acadia National Park Issue) : . Kaiser, J. 2001. An Experiment For All Seasons. Science 293: 624-627. Kana, T. M., Tjepkema, J. D. 1978. Nitrogen fixation associated with Scirpus atrovirens and other nonnodulated plants in Massachusetts.. Canadian Journal of Botany 56: 2636-2640. Karagatzides, J. D., Butler, J. L. , Ellison, A. M. 2009. The pitcher plant . PloS One 4: e6164. Karagatzides, J. D., Ellison, A. M. 2009. Construction costs, payback times and the leaf economics of carnivorous plants. American Journal of Botany 96: 1612-1619. Karnig, J. J. 1963. Chemical control of hardwood sprouts using ammonium thiocyanate crystals. Proceedings of Proceedings of The Northeastern Weed Control Conference. . Karnig, J. J. 1963. The effect of chemical control of an understory upon growth rates of heavily thinned mixed oaks at the Harvard Black Rock Forest - A progress report. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Northeastern Weed Control Conference. . Karnig, J. J. 1966. Recreation use within the Harvard Black Rock Forest. Black Rock Forest Papers 26: . Karnig, J. J. 1972. Nitrogen fertilizer increases diameter growth of northern red oak. Journal of Forestry 70: . Karnig, J. J., Lyford, W. H. 1968. Oak mortality and drought in the Hudson Highlands. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 29 : . Karnig, J. J., Stout, B. B. 1969. Diameter growth of northern red oak following understory control. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 30 : . Kein, B. 2009. In the bowels of carnivorous plants, a tiny model of the world. Keller, M., Melillo, J., Mello, W. Z. de 1997. Trace gas emissions from ecosystems of the Amazon basin. Ciencia e Cultura Journal of the Brazilian Association for the Advancement of Science 49: 87-97. Kelty, M. J. 1984. The development and productivity of hemlock-hardwood forests in southern New England. Thesis, Yale University. Kelty, M. J. 1986. Development patterns in two hemlock-hardwood stands in southern New England. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16: 885-891. Kelty, M. J. 1989. Productivity of New England hemlock/hardwood stands as affected by species composition and canopy structure. Forest Ecology and Management 28: 237-257. Kelty, M. J., D'Amato, A. W. 2006. Historical perspective on diameter-limit cutting in northeastern forests. Proceedings of Diameter-limit Cutting in Northeastern Forests 2005 May 23-24. Newtown Square, PA. Kelty, M. J., Gould Jr., E. M. 1987. Effects of understory removal in hardwood stands. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 4: 162-164. Kicklighter, D. W., Bruno, M., Dönges, S., Esser, G., Heimann, M., Helfrich, F., Ift, F., Joos, F., Kaduk, J., Kohlmaier, G. H., McGuire, A. D., Melillo, J. M., Meyer, R., Moore, B. I. N. A., Prentice, I. C., Sauf, W., Schloss, A. L., Sitch, S., Wittenberg, U., Würth, G. 1999. A first-order analysis of the potential role of CO2 fertilization to affect the global carbon budget: a comparison study of four terrestrial biosphere models. Tellus 51B: 343-366. Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J. M., Peterjohn, W. T., Rastetter, E. B., McGuire, A. D., Steudler, P. A., Aber, J. D. 1994. Scaling field measurements to estimate regional carbon dioxide fluxes from temperate forest soils. Journal of Geophysical Research 99: 1303-1315. Kimball, G. W., Carter, E. E. 1913. Influence of shade and other factors on plantations. Forestry Quarterly 11: 176-184. Kirby, K. J., Reid, C. M., Thomas, R. C., Goldsmith, B. 1998. Preliminary estimates of falled dead wood and standing dead trees in managed and unmanaged forests in Britain. Journal of Applied Ecology 35: 148-155. Kittel, T. G. F., Rosenbloom, N. A., Painter, T. H., Schimel, D. S., Participants, V. E. M. A. P. 1995. The VEMAP integrated database for modeling United States ecosystem/vegetation sensitivity to climate change. Journal of Biogeography 22: 857-862. Kittredge, D. B. 1995. Logging & the protection of rare wetland species habitat. The Northern Logger & Timber Processor October: 28-33. Kittredge, D. B. 1996. Protection of habitat for rare wetland fauna during timber harvesting in Massachusetts. Natural Areas Journal 16: 310-317. Kittredge, D. B. 2003. Private forest owners in Sweden: large-scale cooperation in action. Journal of Forestry 101: 41-46. Kittredge, D. B. 2004. Defining a Vision for Massachusetts Forest. In: Foster, C.H.W., Hagenstein, P. R., Forest Conservation and Stewardship in Massachusetts, , U.S.A.. Kittredge, D. B. 2004. Extension/Outreach Implications for America's Family Forests Owners. Journal of Forestry 102: 15-18. Kittredge, D. B. 2004. Forests and Forestry of Massachusetts. In: Foster, C.H.W., Hagenstein, P. R., Forest Conservation and Stewardship in Massachusetts, , U.S.A.. Kittredge, D. B. 2005. The cooperation of private forest owners on scales larger than one individual property: international examples and potential application in the United States. Forest Policy and Economics 7: 671-688. Kittredge, D. B. 2009. The Fire in The East. Journal of Forestry : 62-63. Kittredge, D. B., Clark, K., Ohmann, M., Huckery, P., French, T. 2006. Protection of habitat for state-listed rare flora and fauna in Massachusetts during timber harvesting. Natural Areas Journal 26: 198-207. Kittredge, D. B., D'Amato, A. W., Catanzaro, P., Fish, J., Butler, J. 2008. Estimating ownerships and parcels of non-industrial private forest in Massachusetts. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 25: 93-98. Kittredge, D. B., Finley, A. O., Foster, D. R. 2003. Timber harvesting as ongoing disturbance in a landscape of diverse ownership. Forest Ecology and Management 180: 425-442. Kittredge, D. B., Mauri, M. J., McGuire, E. J. 1996. Decreasing woodlot size and the future of timber sales in Massachusetts: When is an operation too small?. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 13: 96-101. Kittredge, D. B., Parker, M. 1995. Massachusetts Forestry Best Management Practices Manual. , . Kittredge, D. B., Rickenbach, M. G., Broderick, S. H. 1999. Regulation and stumpage prices: a tale of two states. Journal of Forestry 97: 12-16. Kittredge, J. 1913. Notes on the chestnut bark disease in Petersham, Mass. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 2: 13-22. Kittredge, J., Shepard, W. 1913. Hardwood lumbering in Potter County, PA. Thesis, Harvard University. Kizlinski, M. L. 2002. Vegetation and ecosystem response to eastern hemlock decline and logging: direct and indirect consequences of the hemlock woolly adelgid.. Thesis, Harvard University. Kizlinski, M. L., Orwig, D. A., Cobb, R. C., Foster, D. R. 2002. Direct and indirect ecosystem consequences of an invasive pest on forests dominated by eastern hemlock. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1489-1503. Kloppel, B., Harmon, M. E., Fahey, T. J. 2007. Estimating ANPP in Forest Dominated Ecosystems. In: Fahey, T. J., Knapp, A. K. , Principles and Standards for Measuring Net Primary Production in Long-Term Ecological Studies, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England. Klosowski, R., Stevens, T. H., Kittredge, D. B., Dennis, D. C. 2001. Economic incentives for coordinated management of forest land: a case study of southern New England. Forest Policy and Economics 2: 29-38. Kokaly, R.F., Asner, G. P., Martin, M. E., Ollinger, S.V., Wessman, C.A. 2009. Characterizing canopy biochemistry from imaging spectrometer data for studying ecosystem processes. Remote Sensing of Environment 113: S78-S91. Krankina, O. N., Harmon, M. E. 2006. Chapter 5: Forest Management Strategies for Carbon Storage. In: Salwasser, H. , Cloughsey, M., Forests and Carbon, Oregon Forest Research Institute, Portland, OR. Kucharik, C. J., Barford, C. C., El Maayar, M., Wofsy, S. C., Monson, R. K., Baldocchi, D. D. 2006. A multiyear evaluation of a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model at three AmeriFlux forest sites: Vegetation structure, phenology, soil temperature, and CO2 and H2O vapor exchange. Ecological Modeling 196: 1-3. Körner, C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Carbon Dioxide, Population and Communities. Physiological Ecology Series of Academic Press, London. Körner, C., Bazzaz, F. A., Field, C. B. 1996. The significance of biological variation, organism interactions and life histories in CO. In: Körner, C., Bazzaz, F. A., Carbon Dioxide, Populations, and Communities, Academic Press, London, England. Köster, D., Pienitz, R. 2006. Seasonal Diatom Variability and Paleolimnological Inferences - A Case Study. Journal of Paleolimnology 35: 395-416.. Köster, D., Pienitz, R., Wolfe, B. B., Barry, S., Foster, D. R., Dixit, S. S. 2005. Paleolimnological assessment of human-induced impacts on the nutrient balance of Walden Pond (Massachusetts, USA) during the last three centuries using diatoms and stable isotopes. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 8: 117-131. Laborde, A. 2000. The influence of stone walls on white-footed mice and red-back voles. Thesis, Harvard University. Lai, C. T., Ehleringer, J. R., Schauer, A.J. , Tans, P., Hollinger, D. Y., Paw U, K. T. , Munger, J. W. , Wofsy, S. C. 2005. Canopy-scale delta 1(3)C of photosynthetic and respiratory CO2 fluxes: observations in forest biomes across the United States. Global Change Biology 11: 633-643. Lai, C. T., Ehleringer, J. R., Tans, P.P., Wofsy, S. C. , Urbanski, S. P., Hollinger, D. Y. 2004. Estimating photosynthetic C-13 discrimination in terrestrial CO2 exchange from canopy to regional scales. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: -GB1041, ISI:000220437700002. Lamb, I. M., Zimmermann, M. H. 1964. Marine vegetation of Cape Ann, Essex County, Massachusetts. Rhodora 66: 217-254. Lamb, I. M., Zimmermann, M. H. 1966. Botanische Erforschung westantarktischer Inselgruppen. Die Naturwissenschaften 6: 150-152. Lamb, I. M., Zimmermann, M. H., Webber, E. E. 1977. Artificial key to the common marine algae of New England north of Cape Cod. , . Lamont, H. C., Silvester, W. B., Torrey, J. G. 1988. Nile red fluorescence demonstrates lipid in the envelope of vesicles from N2-fixing cultures of Frankia. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34: 656-660. Lancelle, S. A., Torrey, J. G. 1984. Early development of Rhizobium-induced root nodules of Parasponia rigida. I. Infection and early nodule initiation.. Protoplasma 123: 26-37. Lancelle, S. A., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Early development of Rhizobium-induced root nodules of Parasponia rigida. II. Nodule morphogenesis and symbiotic development. Canadian Journal of Botany 63: 25-35. Lancelle, S. A., Torrey, J. G., Hepler, P. K., Callaham, D. A. 1985. Ultrastructure of freeze-substituted Frankia strain HFPCcI3, the Actinomycete isolated from root nodules of Casuarina cunninghamiana. Protoplasma 127: 64-72. Landgren, C. R., Torrey, J. G. 1976. The Culture of Protoplasts Derived From Explants of Seedling Pea Roots. In: , Colloques internationaux C.N.R.S. No. 212--Protoplastes et Fusion de Cellules Somatiques Vegetales, Editions de l"Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 149, rue de Grenelle - 75007 Paris. Lattin, J. D., Stanton, N. L. 1992. A Review of the Species of Anthocoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) found on Pinus contorta. Journal of the New York Entomol. Society 100: 424-479. Laurence, J. A., Ollinger, S.V. , Woodbury, P. B. 2000. Regional impacts of multiple stresses on productivity and forest health. In: Mickler, R., Birdsey, R., Hom, J., Response of Northern U.S. Forests to Environmental Change, Springer, New York. Lavelle, N. 1999. Effects of 1996-97 winter storms on pine and mixed hardwoods on the Montague sand plain in central Massachusetts. Thesis, Mt. Holyoke College. Law, B. E., Falge, E. M., Gu, L. D., Baldocchi, D. D., Bakwin, P. S., Berbigier, P., Davis, K. J., Dolman, A. J., Falk, M., Fuentes, J. D., Goldstein, A., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Hollinger, D. Y., Janssens, I. A., Jarvis, P., Jensen, N. O., Katul, G. G., Mahli, Y., Matteucci, G., Meyers, T., Monson, R., Munger, W., Oechel, W., Olson, R., Pilegaard, K., Paw U, K. T., Thorgeirsson, H., Valentini, R., Verma, S. B., Vesala, T., Wilson, K. B., Wofsy, S. C. 2002. Environmental controls over carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange of terrestrial vegetation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 97-120. Law, B. E., Waring, R. H., Aber, J. D., Anthoni, P. M. 2000. Measurements of gross and net ecosystem productivity and water vapor exchange of a Pinus poderosa ecosystem and an evaluation of two generalized models. Global Change Biology 6: 155-168. Lawrence, D., D'Ordorico, P., Diekmann, L., DeLonge, M.D.R., Eaton, E. 2007. Ecological feedbacks following deforestation create the potential for a catastrophic ecosystem shift in tropical dry forest. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104: 20696-20701. Lawrence, D., Foster, D. R. 2001. Determinants of regional variability in litter production of forests in the Southern Yucatan: environmental gradients or human legacy? . EOS. Trans. AGU 82: . Lawrence, D., Foster, D. R. 2002. Changes in forest biomass, litter dynamics and soils following shifting cultivation in southern Mexico: an overview. Interciencia 27: 400-408. Lawrence, D., Foster, D. R. 2003. Recovery of Nutrient Cycling and Ecosystem Properties Following Swidden Cultivation: Regional and Stand-Level Constraints. In: Turner, B. L., Geoghegan, J., Foster, D. R., Integrated Land Change Science and Tropical Deforestation in Southern Yucatán: Final Frontiers, Oxford University Press, New York. LeVert, M., Stevens, T. H., Kittredge, D. B. 2008. Willingness to Sell Conservation Easements: A Case Study of Private Forestland Owners in Southern New England. Journal of Forest Economics : . Lee, B. H., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C., Goldstein, A. H. 2006. Anthropogenic emissions of nonmethane hydrocarbons in the northeastern United States: Measured seasonal variations from 1992-1996 and 1999-2001. Journal of Geophysical Research 111: doi:10.1029/2005JD006172. Lee, D. R., M.H. Zimmermann. 1976. Longitudinal and lateral water permeability of the xylem of Betula papyrifera. Plant Physiology 57 (suppl.): 78. Lee, D. R., S.S. Dunford, M.H. Zimmermann. 1977. Estimation of the elastic nodules of sieve element cell walls. Plant Physiology 59 (Suppl.): 26. Lee, D. W., O’Keefe, J. F., Holbrook, N. M., Field, T. S. 2003. Pigment dymanics and autumn leaf senescence in a New England deciduous forest, eastern U.S.A.. Ecological Research 18: 677-694. Lefer, B. L., Talbot, R. W., Munger, J. W. 1999. Nitric acid and ammonia at a rural northeastern U.S. site.. Journal of Geophysical Research 104: 1645-1661. Lent, R. A., Capen, D. E. 1995. Effects of small-scale habitat disturbance on the ecology of breeding birds in a Vermont (USA) hardwood forest. Ecography 18: 97-108. Lerdau, M. T., Munger, J. W., Jacob, D. J. 2000. The NO2 flux conundrum.. Science 289: 2291. Levitt, J. N. 2005. From Walden to Wall Street: Frontiers of Conservation Finance. Island Press and Lincoln Institute, . Levitt, J. N. 2007. Report on the Conservation Finance Intermediaries Roundtable. Lewis, A. M. 1982. Vascular connections between roots and shoots of Acer rubrum: coppice growth and implications for management. Thesis, Harvard University. Lewis, A. M., Boose, E. R. 1995. Estimating volume flow rates through xylem conduits. American Journal of Botany 82: 1112-1116. Lewis, D. A., Garrison, W., Wommack, E., Whittemore, A., Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. 1999. Influence of environmental changes on degradation of chiral pollutants in soils. Nature 401: 898-901. Li, A., Godbold, D. L., Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. The dynamics of root production and loss in Betula papyrifera seedlings in response to elevated CO2 and an aluminum pulse.. Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk. 161: 17-21. Li, Q. B., Jacob, D. J., Munger, J. W., Yantosca, R. M., Parrish, D. D. 2004. Export of NOy from the North American boundary layer: Reconciling aircraft observations and global model budgets. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 109: -D02313. Libbenga, K. R., Torrey, J. G. 1973. Hormone-induced endoreduplication prior to mitosis in cultured pea root cortex cells. American Journal of Botany 60: 293-299. Lim, H. C., Sodhi, N. S., Brook, B. W., Soh, M. C. 2003. Undesirable aliens: factors determining the distribution of three invasive bird species in Singapore. Journal of Tropical Ecology 19: 685-695. Lin, C. Y. C., Jacob, D. J., Munger, J. W., Fiore, A. M. 2000. Increasing background ozone in surface air over the United States. Geophysical Research Letters 27: 3465-3468. Lin, J. C., Gerbig, C., Wofsy, S. C., Andrews, A. E., Daube, B. C., Davis, K. J., Grainger, A. 2003. The Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport Model (STILT): Quantitiative analysis of surface sources from atmospheric concentration data No.D16,4493. Journal of Geophysical Research : 4493, 10.1029/2002JD003161. Lin, J. C., Gerbig, C., Wofsy, S. C., Daube, B. C., Matross, D. M., Chow, V. Y., Gottlieb, E. W., Andrews, A. E., Pathmathevan, M., Munger, J. W. 2006. What have we learned from intensive atmospheric sampling field programmes of CO2?. Tellus B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology 50: 31-343. Lin, J. C., Gerbig, C., Wofsy, S. C., Draxler, R., Chow, V. Y., Gottlieb, A. W. 2007. Designing Lagrangian experiments to measure regional-scale trace gas fluxes. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: doi:10.1029/2006JD008077. Lindbladh, M., Oswald, W. W., Foster, D. R., Faison, E. K., Hou, J., Huang, Y. 2007. A late-glacial transition from Picea glauca to Picea mariana in southern New England. Quaternary Research 67: 502-508. Lindenmayer, D. B., Foster, D. R., Franklin, J. F., Hunter, M. L., Noss, R. F., Schmiegelow, F. A., Perry, D. 2004. Salvage Harvesting Policies after Natural Disturbance. Science 303: 1303. Linkins, A. E., Sinsabaugh, R. L., McClaugherty, C. M., Melillo, J. M. 1990. Comparison of cellulase activity on decomposing leaves in a hardwood forest and woodland stream. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 22: 423-425. Liu, W. H., Bryant, D. M., Hutyra, L. R., Saleska, S. R., Pyle, E. H., Curran, D. J., Wofsy, S. C. 2006. Woody Debris Contribution to the Carbon Budget of Selectively Logged and Maturing Midlatitude Forests. Oecologia 148: . Livingston, R. B., Allessio, M. L. 1968. Buried viable seed in successional field and forest stands, Harvard Forest, Massachusetts. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 95: 58-69. Loescher, H. W., Law, B. E., Mahrt, L., Hollinger, D. Y., Campbell, J. L., Wofsy, S. C. 2006. Uncertainties in, and interpretation of, carbon flux estimates using the eddy covariance technique. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 111: Art. No. D21S90. Loescher, H. W., Munger, J. W. 2006. Preface to special section on new approaches to quantifying exchanges of carbon and energy across a range of scales. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 111: Art. No. D14S91. Loiselle, B. A., Howell, C. A., Graham, C. H., Goerck, J. M., Brooks, T., Smith, K. G., Williams, P. H. 2003. Avoiding Pitfalls of Using Species Distribution Models in Conservation Planning. Conservation Biology 17: 1591-1600. Loomis, R. S., Torrey, J. G. 1964. Chemical Control of Vascular Cambium Initiation In Isolated Radish Roots. Proceedings of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. . Lopez, M. F., Fontaine, M. S., Torrey, J. G. 1984. Levels of trehalose and glycogen in Frankia sp. HFPArI3 (Actinomycetales). Canadian Journal of Microbiology 30: 746-752. Lopez, M. F., Murry, M. A., Torrey, J. G. 1986. Effect of oxygen on substrate utilization for nitrogen fixation and growth in Frankia spp.. Arch Microbiology 145: 209-214. Lopez, M. F., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Enzymes of glucose metabolism in Frankia sp.. Journal of Bacteriology April: 110-116. Lopez, M. F., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Purification and properties of trehalase in Frankia ArI3. Arch Microbiol 143: 209-215. Lopez, M. F., Whaling, C. S., Torrey, J. G. 1983. The polar lipids and free sugars of Frankia in culture. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 2834-2842. Lopez, M. F., Young, P. H., Torrey, J. G. 1986. A comparison of carbon source utilization for growth and nitrogenase activity in two Frankia isolates. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32: 353-358. Lorimer, C. G. 1977. The presettlement forest and natural disturbance cycle of northeastern Maine. Ecology 58: 139-148. Lorimer, C. G. 1981. Survival and growth of understory trees in oak forests of the Hudson Highlands, New York. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 11: 689-695. Lorimer, C. G. 1983. A test of the accuracy of shade-tolerant classifications based on physiognomic and reproductive traits. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 1595-1598. Lorimer, C. G. 1983. Tests of age-independent competition indices for individual trees in natural hardwood stands. Forest Ecology and Management 6: 343-360. Lorimer, C. G. 1984. Development of the red maple understory in northeastern oak forests. Forest Science 30: 3-22. Lorimer, C. G., A.G. Krug. 1983. Diameter distributions in even-aged stands of shade tolerant and mid-tolerant tree species. American Midland Naturalist 109: 331-345. Louis, I., Racette, S., Torrey, J. G. 1990. Occurrence of cluster roots on Myrica cerifera L. (Myricaceae) in water culture in relation to phosphorus nutrition. New Phytologist 115: 311-317. Louis, I., Torrey, J. G. 1991. In vitro clonal multiplication of the actinorhizal plant Comptonia peregrina. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 26: 89-96. Lundquist, R., Torrey, J. G. 1984. The propagation of Casuarina species from rooted stem cuttings. Botanical Gazette 145: 378-384. Lutz, R. J., Cline, A. C. 1947. Results of the first thirty years of experimentation in silviculture in the Harvard Forest, 1908-1938. Part I. The conversion of stands of old field origin by various methods of cutting and subsequent cultural treatments. Harvard Forest Bulletin 23: 182. Lutz, R. J., Cline, A. C. 1956. Results of the first thirty years of experimentation in silviculture in the Harvard Forest, 1908-1938. Part II. Natural reproduction methods in white pine-hemlock stands on light, sandy soils. Harvard Forest Bulletin 27: 69. Lyford, W. H. 1963. Importance of ants to brown podzolic soil genesis in New England. Harvard Forest Paper 7: 18. Lyford, W. H. 1964. Coarse fragments in the Gloucester soils of the Harvard Forest. Harvard Forest Paper 9: 16. Lyford, W. H. 1964. Water table fluctuations in periodically wet soils of central New England. Harvard Forest Paper 8: 15. Lyford, W. H. 1966. Fungal hyphae and the morphology of B horizons of New England soils. Harvard Forest Paper 17: 8. Lyford, W. H. 1969. The ecology of an elfin forest in Puerto Rico, 7. Soil, root, and earthworm relationships. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 50: 210-224. Lyford, W. H. 1973. Forest soil microtopography. Proceedings of Proceedings of the 1st Soil Microcommunities Conference. . Lyford, W. H. 1974. Narrow soils and intricate soil patterns in southern New England. Geoderma 11: 195-208. Lyford, W. H. 1975. Overland migration of Collembolla (Hypogastrura nivicola Fitch) colonies. American Midland Naturalist 94: 205-209. Lyford, W. H. 1975. Rhizography of non-woody roots of trees in the forest floor. In: Torrey, J. G., Clarkson, D. T., The Development and Function of Roots, Academic Press, . Lyford, W. H. 1980. Development of the root system of the northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.). Harvard Forest Paper 21: 30. Lyford, W. H., Goodlett, J. C., Coates, W. H. 1963. Landforms, soils with fragipans, and forest on a slope in the Harvard Forest. Harvard Forest Bulletin 30: 68. Lyford, W. H., MacLean, D. W. 1966. Mound and pit microrelief in relation to soil disturance and tree distribution in New Brunswick, Canada. Harvard Forest Paper 15: 18. Lyford, W. H., Troedsson, T. 1973. Fragipan horizons in soils on moraines near Garpenberg, Sweden. Studia Forestalia Suecica 108: 1-21. Lyford, W. H., Wilson, B. F. 1964. Development of the root system of Acer rubrum L. Harvard Forest Paper 10: 17. Lyford, W. H., Wilson, B. F. 1966. Controlled growth of forest tree roots. Harvard Forest Paper 16: 12. Mabry, C., Jasienski, M., Coleman, J. S., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Genotypic variation in Polygonum pensylvanicum: nutrient effects on plant growth and aphid infestation. Canadian Journal of Botany 75: 546-551. Mabry, C., Korsgren, T. 1998. A permanent plot study of vegetation and vegetation-site factors fifty-three years following disturbance in central New England, U.S.A. Ecoscience 5: 232-240. MacAloney, H. J., Hosley, N. W. 1934. Experiments in simplified control of mound building ants in the forest. Journal of Forestry 32: 1003-1006. Mack, R. N., Simberloff, D., Lonsdale, W. M., Evans, H., Clout, M., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Biotic invasions: causes epidemiology, global consequences and control. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 5: 2-20. Mack, R. N., Simberloff, D., Lonsdale, W. M., Evans, H., Clout, M., Bazzaz, F. A. 2000. Biotic invasions: causes epidemiology, global consequences and control. Ecological Applications 10: 689-710. Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D. 1998. Long-term effects of chronic nitrogen additions on foliar litter decay and humus formation in forest ecosystems. Plant and Soil 203: 301-311. Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D. 2000. Dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen relationships in forest litter as affected by nitrogen deposition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 603-613. Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D. 2000. Variation in soil net mineralization rates with dissolved organic carbon additions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 597-601. Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D., Berntson, G. M., McDowell, W. H., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A. 2000. Long-term nitrogen additions and nitrogen saturation in two temperate forests. Ecosystems 3: 238-253. Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D., Currie, W. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Martin, M. E., McDowell, W. H., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A. 2004. Ecosystem Response to 15 years of Chronic Nitrogen Additions at the Harvard Forest LTER, Massachusetts, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 7-28. Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D., Hendricks, J. J., Bowden, R. D., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A. 1997. Biogeochemical response of forest ecosystems to simulated chronic nitrogen deposition. Ecological Applications 7: 402-415. Magill, A. H., Downs, M. R., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Hallett, R. A., Aber, J. D. 1996. Forest ecosystem response to four years of chronic nitrate and sulfate additions at Bear Brooks Watershed, Maine, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 84: 29-37. Mahadevan, P., Wofsy, S. C., Matross, D. M., Xiao, X., Dunn, A. L., Lin, J. C., Gerbig, C., Munger, J. W., Chow, V. Y., Gottlieb, E. W. 2008. A satellite-based biosphere parameterization for net ecosystem CO2 exchange: Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM). Global Biogeochem. Cycles 22: doi:10.1029/2006GB002735. Maherali, H., DeLucia, E. H., Sipe, T. W. 1997. Hydraulic adjustment of maple saplings to canopy gap formation. Oecologia 112: 472-480. Malizia, N. R., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R., Kittredge, D. B. 2009. Assessing progress and prioritizing future steps in the conservation of a forested landscape in New England. Conservation Biology : . Mansfield, C., Pattanayak, S., McDow, W., McDonald, R. I., Halpin, P. N. 2006. Shades of green: Measuring the value of urban forests in the housing market. Journal of Forest Economics 11: 177-199. Mansour, S. R., Dewedar, A., Torrey, J. G. 1990. Isolation, culture, and behavior of Frankia strain HFPCg14 from root nodules of Casuarina glauca. Botanical Gazette 151: 490-496. Mansour, S. R., Torrey, J. G. 1991. Frankia spores of strain HFPCg14 as inoculum for seedlings of Casuarina glauca. Canadian Journal of Botany 69: 1251-1256. Marcus, L. F., Gould Jr., E. M., Bury, R. L. 1961. Measuring the recreation use of national forests. , . Marshall, R. 1927. The growth of hemlock before and after the release from suppression. Harvard Forest Bulletin 11: 43. Martin, M. E. 1994. Measurements of foliar chemistry using laboratory and airborne high spectral resolution visible and infrared data. Thesis, University of New Hampshire. Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D. 1990. Effects of moisture content and chemical composition on the near infrared spectra of forest foliage. Proceedings of . Proceedings of the International Society for Optical Engineering Technical Symposium on Aerospace Sensing. Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D. 1990. The effect of water content and leaf structure on the estimation of nitrogen, lignin and cellulose content of forest foliage samples. Remote Sensing for the Nineties IGARSS: 24-28. Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D. 1997. Estimation of forest canopy lignin and nitrogen concentration and ecosystem processes by high spectral resolution remote sensing. Ecological Applications 7: 431-443. Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D. 2000. Estimating forest canopy characteristics as inputs for models of forest carbon exchange by high spectral resolution remote sensing. In: Gholz, H., The Use of Remote Sensing in the Modeling of Forest Productivity at Scales from the Stand to the Globe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. Martin, M. E., Newman, S. D., Aber, J. D., Congalton, R. 1997. Determining forest species composition using high spectral resolution remote sensing data. Remote Sensing of the Environment 65: 249-254. Martin, M. E., Plourde, L. C., Ollinger, S. V., Smith, M-L., McNeil, B.E. 2008. A generalizeable method for remote sensing of canopy nitrogen across a wide range of forest ecosystems. Remote Sensing and Environment 112: 3511-3519. Martin, W. H. 1949. Sex-associated characters of dioecious species (white ash, juniper, and trembling aspen). Thesis, Harvard University. Martinez-Ramos, M., Soto-Castro, A. 1992. Seed rain and advanced regeneration in a tropical rain forest. In: , Frugivores and Seed Dispersal: Ecological and Evolutionary Aspects, Kluwer Publishers, NY. Marvel, D. J., Kuldau, G., Hirsch, A. I., Richards, E., Torrey, J. G., Ausubel, F. M. 1985. Conservation of nodulation genes between Rhizobium meliloti and a slow-growing Rhizobium strain that nodulates a nonlegume host. Proceedings of Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. . Marvel, D. J., Torrey, J. G., Ausubel, F. M. 1987. Rhizobium symbiotic genes required for nodulation of legume and nonlegume hosts. Proceedings of Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. . Mathewson, B. 2006. Differences in eastern red-back salamander populations in eastern hemlock-dominated and mixed deciduous forest in north central Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Mathewson, B. 2007. Salamanders in a Changing Environment on Hemlock Hill. Arnoldia 65: 19-25. Mathewson, B. 2009. The relative abundance of Eastern Red-backed Salamanders in eastern hemlock-dominated and mixed deciduous forests at Harvard Forest. Northeastern Naturalist 16: 1-12. Matlack, G. R. 1997. Four centuries of forest clearance and regeneration in the hinterland of a large city. Journal of Biogeography 24: 281-295. Matlack, G. R. 1997. Land use and forest habitat distribution in the hinterland of a large city. Journal of Biogeography 24: 297-307. Matross, D. M., Andrews, A., Pathmathevan, M., Gerbig, C., Lin, J. C., Wofsy, S. C., Daube, B. C., Gottlieb, E. W., Chow, V. Y., Lee, J. T., Zhao, C., Bakwin, P. S., Munger, J. W., Hollinger, D. Y. 2006. Estimating Regional Carbon Exchange in New England and Quebec by Combining Atmospheric Gound-based and Satellite Data. Tellus 58B: 344-358. Matthysse, A. G., Torrey, J. G. 1967. DNA synthesis in relation to polyploid mitoses in excised pea root segments cultured in vitro. Experimental Cell Research 48: 484-498. Matthysse, A. G., Torrey, J. G. 1967. Nutritional requirements for polyploid mitoses in cultured pea root segments. Physiologia Plantarum 20: 661-672. Matthysse, A. G., Torrey, J. G. 1969. Factors limiting the stimulation of polyploid mitoses in intact pea roots and excised root segments. Botanical Gazette 130: 62-69. Mays, A. 2009. "Does Glossy Buckthorn (. Thesis, Mount Holyoke. McClaugherty, C. A., Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. 1984. Decomposition dynamics of fine roots in forested ecosystems. Oikos 42: 378-386. McClaugherty, C. A., Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. M. 1982. The role of fine roots in the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of two forest ecosystems. Ecology 63: 1481-1490. McClaugherty, C. A., Linkins, A. E. 1989. Temperature responses of enzymes in two forest soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry : . McConnaughay, K. D. M., Bassow, S. L., Berntson, G. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Leaf senescence and decline of end-of-season gas exchange in five temperate deciduous tree species grown in elevated CO2 concentrations. Global Change Biology 2: 25-34. McConnaughay, K. D. M., Nicotra, A. B., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Rooting volume, nutrient availability and CO2-induced growth enhancement in temperate forest tree seedlings. Ecological Applications 6: 619-627. McDonald, R. I. 2006. A world of the city, by the city, for the city.. In: J. Harf, M. Lombardi, Taking Sides: Clashing views in global issues, McGraw-Hill, New York. McDonald, R. I. 2007. Predicting the unknown: rates of environmental problem generation over time. The Environmentalist 26: 221-225. McDonald, R. I., Halpin, P. N., Urban, D. L. 2007. Determination of successional trends from remote sensing imagery.. Journal of Applied Vegetation Science 10: 193-203. McDonald, R. I., Halpin, P. N., Urban, D. L. 2007. Monitoring succession from space: A case study from the North Carolina Piedmont. Applied Vegetation Science 10: 193-203. McDonald, R. I., McKnight, M., Weiss, D., Selig, E. , O'Connor, M. , Violin, C. , Moody, A. 2005. Species compositional similarity and ecoregions: Do ecoregion boundaries represent zones of high species turnover?. Biological Conservation 126: 24-40. McDonald, R. I., Motzkin, G. , Foster, D. R. 2008. The effect of logging on vegetation composition in Western Massachusetts. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 4021-4031. McDonald, R. I., Motzkin, G., Bank, M. S., Kittredge, D. B., Burk, J., Foster, D. R. 2006. Forest Harvesting and Deforestation Relationships over Two Decades in Massachusetts. Forest Ecology and Management 227: 31-41. McDonald, R. I., Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2008. Assessing the influence of historical factors, contemporary processes, and environmental conditions on the distribution of invasive species. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 135: 259-270. McDonald, R. I., Urban, D. L. 2006. Edges effects on species composition and exotic species abundance in the North Carolina Piedmont. Ecology 85: 1049-1060. McDonald, R. I., Urban, D. L. 2006. Forest Edges and Forest Composition in the Northern Carolina Piedmont.. Biological Invasions 8: 1049-1060. McDonald, R. I., Urban, D. L. 2006. Spatially Varying Rules of Landscape Change: Lessons from a Case Study. Landscape and Urban Planning 74: 7-20. McDonald, R. I., Yuan-Farrell, C., Fievet, C., Moeller, M., Kareiva, P., Foster, D. R., Gragson, T., Kinzig, T., Kuby, L., Redman, C. L. 2007. Estimating the Effect of Protected Lands on the Development and Conservation of Their Surroundings. Conservation Biology : doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00799. McDonough, J. 1977. An investigation of xylem pressure in coconut palm with reference to lethal yellowing. Thesis, Harvard University. McDonough, J., Zimmermann, M. H. 1979. Effect of lethal yellowing on xylem pressure in coconut palms. Principes - Journal of the Palm Society 23: 132-137. McDowell, W. H., Currie, W. S., Aber, J. D., Yano, Y. 1998. Effects of chronic nitrogen amendment on production of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in forest soils. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 105: 175-182. McDowell, W. H., Magill, A., Aikenhead-Peterson, J. A., Aber, J. D., Merriam, J. L., Kaushal, S. S. 2004. Effects of chronic nitrogen amendment on dissolved organic matter and inorganic nitrogen soil solution.. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 29-41. McEnery, R. 1988. Sylvan Sancturary: Black Rock Forest. Orange - The Magazine for and about the County : 14-21. McGuire, A. D., Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J. M. 1996. Global climate change and carbon cycling in grasslands and conifer forests. In: Breymeyer, A. I., Hall, D. O., Melillo, J. M., Ågren, G., Global Change: Effects on Coniferous Forests and Grasslands, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, England. McGuire, A. D., Melillo, J. M., Joyce, A., Kicklighter, D. W., Grace, A. L., Moore, B. III, Vorosmarty, C. J. 1992. Interactions between carbon and nitrogen dynamics in estimating net primary productivity for potential vegetation in North America. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 6: 101-124. McGuire, A. D., Melillo, J. M., Joyce, L. A. 1995. The role of nitrogen in the response of forest net primary production to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 26: 473-503. McGuire, A. D., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., Joyce, L. A. 1995. Equilibrium responses of soil carbon to climate change: Empirical and process-based estimates. Journal of Biogeography 22: 785-796. McGuire, A. D., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., Pan, Y., Xiao, X., Helfrich, J., Moore, B. III, Vorosmarty, C. J., Schloss, A. L. 1997. Equilibrium responses of global net primary production and carbon storage to doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide: Sensitivity to changes in vegetation nitrogen concentration. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 11: 173-189. McGuire, A. D., Melillo, J. M., Randerson, J. T., Parton, W. J., Heimann, M., Meier, R. A., Clein-Curley, J. S., Kicklighter, D. W., Sauf, W. 2000. Modeling the effects of snowpack on heterotrophic respiration across northern temperate and high latitude regions: Comparison with measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide in high latitudes. Biogeochemistry 48: 91-114. McKain, K. 2005. Carbon accumulation at the Harvard Forest: A comparison of methods for measuring tree biomass for regional extrapolation of the eddy-flux tower footprint. Thesis, Mt. Holyoke College. McKane, R. B., Rastetter, E. B., Melillo, J. M., Shaver, G. R., Hopkinson, C. S., Fernandes, D. N., Skole, D. L., Chomentowski, W. H. 1995. Effects of global change on carbon storage in tropical forests of South America. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9: 329-350. McKinnon, F. S., Hyde, G. R. , Cline, A. C. 1935. Cut-over old field pine lands in central New England: A regional study of the composition and stocking of the ensuing volunteer stands. Harvard Forest Bulletin 18: 79. McLachlan, J. S., Brubaker, L. B. 1995. Local and regional vegetation change on the northeastern Olympic Peninsula during the Holocene. Canadian Journal of Botany 73: 1618-1627. McLachlan, J. S., Clark, J. S. 2004. Reconstructing historical ranges with fossil data. Forest Ecology and Management 197: 139-147. McLachlan, J. S., Clark. J. S., Manos, P.S. 2005. Molecular indicators of tree migration capacity under rapid climate change. Ecology 86: 2088-2098. McLachlan, J., Foster, D. R., Clayden, S., Barry, S. 2004. Long-term forest and landscape dynamics. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. McLachlan, J., Foster, D. R., Menalled, F. 2000. Anthropogenic ties to late-successional structure and composition in four New England hemlock stands. Ecology 81: 717-733. McLauchlan, K. K., Craine, J. M., Oswald, W. W., Leavitt, P. R., Likens, G. E. 2007. Changes in nitrogen cycling during the past century in a northern hardwood forest. PNAS 104: 7466-7470. McLellan, T., Aber, J. D., Martin, M. E., Melillo, J. M., Nadelhoffer, K. J. 1991. Determination of nitrogen, lignin and cellulose content of decomposing leaf material by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21: 1684-1688. McLellan, T., Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D., Melillo, J. M., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Dewey, B. 1991. Comparison of wet chemical and near infrared reflectance measurements of carbon fraction chemistry and nitrogen concentration of forest foliage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21: 1689-1693. McMurtrie, R. E., Shaver, G. R., Ågren, G., Field, C. B., Gifford, R., Körner, C., Melillo, J., Parton, W., Pitelka, L. F., Tenhunen, J., Thompson, G. 2001. SCOPE workshop on CO. In: , Resource Interactions, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England. McNulty, S. G., Aber, J. D. 1993. Effect of chronic nitrogen additions on nitrogen cycling in a high elevation spruce-fir stand. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23: 1252-1263. McNulty, S. G., Aber, J. D., Boone, R. D. 1991. Spatial changes in forest floor and foliar chemistry of spruce-fir forests across New England. Biogeochemistry 14: 13-29. McNulty, S. G., Aber, J. D., McLellan, T. M., Katt, S. M. 1990. Nitrogen cycling in high elevation forests of the U.S. in relation to nitrogen deposition. Ambio 19: 38-40. Medvigy, D., Wofsy, S. C., Munger, J. W., Hollinger, D. Y., Moorcroft, P. R. 2007. Mechanistic scaling of ecosystem function and dynamics in space and one time: the Ecosystem Demography model version 2. GCB : . Melcher, P. J., Zwieniecki, M. A., Holbrook, N. M. 2003. Vulnerability of xylem vessels to cavitation in Acer saccharum (Marsh.): scaling from individual vessels to whole branches. Plant Physiology 131: 1775-1780. Melillo, J. M. 1995. Human influences on the global N budget and their implications for the global carbon budget. In: Murai, S., Kimura, M., Toward Global Planning of Sustainable Use of the Earth: Development of Global Eco-engineering, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Melillo, J. M. 1996. Carbon and nitrogen interactions in the terrestrial biosphere: anthropogenic effects. In: Walker, B., Steffen, W., Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY. Melillo, J. M. 1996. Elevated carbon dioxide, litter quality and decomposition. In: Breymeyer, A. I., Hall, D. O., Melillo, J. M., Ågren, G., Global Change: Effects on Coniferous Forests and Grasslands, SCOPE, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England. Melillo, J. M. 1999. Warm, warm on the range. Science 283: 183-184. Melillo, J. M., Aber, J. D., Linkins, A. E., Ricca, A., Fry, B., Nadelhoffer, K. 1989. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics along the decay continuum: Plant litter to soil organic matter. In: Clarholm, M., Bergstrom, L., Ecology of Arable Land, Kluwer Academic Publ., Dordrecht, Netherlands. Melillo, J. M., Aber, J. D., Linkins, A. E., Ricca, A., Fry, B., Nadelhoffer, K. 1989. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics along the decay continuum: Plant litter to soil organic matter. Plant and Soil 115: 189-198. Melillo, J. M., Hall, D. O., Ågren, G. 1996. Executive summary. In: Breymeyer, A. I., Hall, D. O., Melillo, J. M., Ågren, G., Global Change: Effects on Coniferous Forests and Grasslands, John Wiley & Sons, . Melillo, J. M., Houghton, R. A., Kicklighter, D. W., McGuire, A. D. 1996. Tropical deforestation and the global carbon budget. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment 21: 293-310. Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., McGuire, A. D., Peterjohn, W. T., Newkirk, K. 1995. Global change and its effects on soil organic carbon stocks. In: Zepp, R., Report of the Dahlem Workshop on the Role of Nonliving Organic Matter in the Earth's Carbon Cycle, John Wiley and Sons, .. Melillo, J. M., McGuire, A D., Kicklighter, D. W., Moore, B. III, Vorosmarty, C. J., Schloss, A. L. 1993. Global climate change and terrestrial net primary production. Nature 363: 234-240. Melillo, J. M., Prentice, I. C., Farquhar, G. D., Schulze, E.-D., Sala, O. 1996. Terrestrial biotic responses to environmental change and feedbacks to climate. In: Houghton, J. T., . Climate Change 1996 - The Science of Climate Change: Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A. 1989. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the COS and CS2 emissions from temperate forest soils. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 9: 411-417. Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Aber, J. D., Bowden, R. D. 1989. Atmospheric deposition and nutrient cycling. In: Andreae, M. O., Schimel, D. S., Exchange of Trace Gases Between Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Atmosphere, John Wiley and Sons, New York. Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Aber, J. D., Newkirk, K., Lux, H., Bowles, F. P., Catricala, C., Magill, A., Ahrens, T., Morrisseau, S. 2002. Soil warming and carbon-cycle feedbacks to the climate system. Science 298: 2173-2176. Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Aber, J. D., Newkirk, K., Lux, H., Bowles, F. P., Catricala, C., Magill, A., Ahrens, T., Morrisseau, S., Burrows, E., Nadelhoffer, K. 2004. Soil warming - a major consequence of global climate change. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Merriam, J., McDowell, W. H., Currie, W. S. 1996. A chemiluminescent method for the measurement of total dissolved nitrogen in environmental samples. Soil Science Society of America Journal 60: 1050-1055. Miao, S. L., Wayne, P. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1992. Elevated CO2 differentially alters the responses of co-occurring birch and maple seedlings to moisture gradients. Oecologia 90: 300-304. Micks, P. 1994. Soil respiration and nitrogen additions in two forest stands: short- and long-term responses. Thesis, University of New Hampshire. Micks, P., Aber, J. D., Boone, R. D., Davidson, E. A. 2004. Short-term soil respiration and nitrogen immobiliation response to nitrogen applications in control and nitrogen-enriched temperate forests. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 57-70. Micks, P., Downs, M. R., Magill, A. H., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Aber, J. D. 2004. Decomposing litter as a sink for 15N-enriched additions to an oak forest and a red pine plantation. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 71-87. Milburn, J. A., Zimmerman, M. H. 1974. Sapsuckers: Do they suck palm sap?. Principes (Journal of the Palm Society) 18: 67-68. Milburn, J. A., Zimmerman, M. H. 1977. Preliminary studies on sapflow in Cocos nucifera L. I. Water relations and xylem transport. New Phytol. 79: 535-541. Milburn, J. A., Zimmerman, M. H. 1977. Preliminary studies on sapflow in Cocos nucifera L. II. Phloem transport. New Phytologist 79: 543-558. Milburn, J. A., Zimmerman, M. H. 1986. Sapflow in the sugar maple in the leafless state. Journal of Plant Physiol. 124: 331-344. Milburn, J. A., Zimmerman, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1976. Preliminary studies on sap transport in coconut. Principes 20: 62-63. Millikin, C. S., Bowden, R. D. 1996. Soil respiration in pits and mounds following an experimental hurricane. Soil Science Society of America Journal 60: 1951-1953. Mills, A. V. 1993. Predicting forest growth and composition - a test of the JABOWA model using data from Earl Stephens' study in the Tom Swamp tract. Thesis, Hampshire College. Min, Q.-L. 2005. Impacts of aerosols and clouds on CO2 uptake over Harvard Forest. Journal of Geophysical Research 110: doi:10.1029/2004JD004858. Min, Q.-L., Lin, B. 2006. Determination of spring onset and growing season duration using satellite measurements. Remote Sensing of Environment 104: 96-102. Min, Q.-L., Lin, B. 2006. Remote sensing of evapotranspiration and carbon uptake at Harvard Forest. Remote Sensing of Environment, 100: 379-387. Minocha, R., Long, S., Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D., McDowell, W. H. 2000. Foliar free polyamine and inorganic ion content in relation to soil and soil solution chemistry in two fertilized stands at the Harvard Forest. Plant and Soil 222: 119-137. Mitchell, H. L. 1932. Growth of Scots pine in sand cultures with varied radiation intensity and nitrogen supply. Thesis, Harvard University. Mitchell, H. L. 1934. Pot culture tests of forest soil fertility. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 5 : 138 pp. Mitchell, H. L. 1935. A method for determining the nutrient needs of shade trees with special reference to phosphorus. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 1 : . Mitchell, H. L. 1936. The effect of varied solar radiation upon the growth, development and nutrient content of white pine seedlings grown under nursery conditions. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 4 : . Mitchell, H. L. 1936. Trends in the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium content of the leaves of some forest trees during the growing season. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 6 : . Mitchell, H. L. 1939. Preliminary notes on a method for the prevention and control of white grub infestations in nursery soils. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 14 : . Mitchell, H. L. 1939. The growth and nutrition of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings in cultures with varying nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium,(with observations on the relation of seed weight to seedling yield.). Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 9 : 135 pp. Mitchell, H. L., Chandler Jr., R. F. 1939. The nitrogen nutrition and growth of certain deciduous trees of northeastern United States. Black Forest Bulletin No. 11 : 94 pp. Mitchell, H. L., Finn, R. F. 1935. The relative feeding power of oaks and maples for soil phosphorus. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 2 : . Mitchell, H. L., Finn, R. F., Rosendahl, R. O. 1937. The relation between mycorrhizae and the growth and nutrient absorption of coniferous seedlings in nursery beds. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 10 : . Mitchell, H. L., Hosley, N. W. 1936. Differential browsing by deer on plots variously fertilized. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 5 : . Mitchell, H. L., Rosendahl, R. O. 1939. The relationships between cumulative solar radiation and dry weight increase of nursery grown white pine and red pine seedlings. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 13 : . Mitchell, S. R., Harmon, M. E., O'Connell, K. E. B. 2009. Forest fuel reduction alters fire severity and long-term carbon storage in three Pacific Northwest ecosystems.. Ecological Applications 19: 643-655. Mohan, J. E., Hanifin, R. C., Lenoir, K. J., Blanchard, J. H., Warshay, B. A., Melillo, J. M. 2009. Diminished reproduction of forest trees and herbs in response to soil warming. Ecology : . Mohan, J. E., Melillo, J. M., Blanchard, J. H., Hanifin, R. C., Lenoir, K. J. 2009. Soil warming impacts on temperate forest tissue chemistry nutrient resorption efficiency and leaf-litter decomposition. Global Change Biology : . Moir, R. 2004. Shared Land Planning and Management in Massachusetts with the National Park Services, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Public-Private Partnerships. In: Foster, C.H.W., Hagenstein, P. R., Forest Conservation and Stewardship in Massachusetts, , U.S.A.. Moody, J. L., Munger, J. W., Goldstein, A. H., Jacob, D. J., Wofsy, S. C. 1998. Harvard Forest regional-scale air mass composition by patterns in atmospheric transport history. Journal of Geophysical Research 103: 13181-13194. Moorcroft, P. R. 2006. How close are we to a predictive science of the biosphere?. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 121: 400-407. Moorcroft, P. R., Hurtt, G. C. , Pacala, S. W. 2001. A method for scaling vegetation dynamics: the ecosystem demography model (ED). Ecology Mongraphs 74: 557-586. Moore, G. W., Bond, B. J., Jones, J. A., Phillips, N. G., Meinzer, F. C. 2005. Structural and compositional controls on transpiration in a 40- and 450-yr-old riparian forest in western Oregon, USA. Tree Physiology 24: 481-491. Moore, K. E., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Sakai, R. K., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C. 1996. Seasonal variation and turbulent exchange at a deciduous forest in central Massachusetts. Journal of Applied Meteorology 35: 122-134. Moorehead, D. L., Currie, W. S., Rastetter, E. B., Parton, W. J., Harmon, M. E. 1999. Climate and litter quality controls on decomposition: an analysis of modeling approaches. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 13: 575-589. Moraes, J. F. L., Cerri, C. C., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., Neill, C., Skole, D. L., Steudler, P. A. 1995. Soil carbon stocks of the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Soil Science Society of America Journal 59: 244-247. Morey, E. D. 1967. Transfer studies of Pennsylvanian pecopteris compressions. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science. . Morse, S. R., Wayne, P., Miao, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Elevated CO2 and drought alter tissue water relations of birch (Betula populifolia Marsh.) seedlings. Oecologia 95: 599-602. Morton, C. C. 2007. Lands' Sake - The Harvard Forest Protects New England's Wild Lands and Advances Science. Colloquy, The GSAS Alumni Quarterly Winter: 4-5. Motzkin, G. 1994. Calcareous fens of western New England and adjacent New York State. Rhodora 96: 44-68. Motzkin, G. 1995. Inventory of uncommon plant communities of western Massachusetts: 1993-1994. Massachusetts Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program, Boston : 40 + appendices. Motzkin, G. H., Patterson, W. A. 1991. Vegetation Patterns and Basin Morphometry of a New England Moat Bog. Rhodora 93: 307-321. Motzkin, G., Ciccarello, S. C., Foster, D. R. 2002. Frost pockets on a level sand plain: does variation in microclimate help maintain persistent vegetation patterns?. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society. 129: 154-163. Motzkin, G., Eberhardt, R., Hall, B., Foster, D. R., Harrod, J. C., MacDonald, D. 2002. Vegetation variation across Cape Cod, Massachusetts: environmental and historical determinants. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1439-1454. Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 1998. How land use determines vegetation: evidence from a New England sandplain. Arnoldia 58: 32-34. Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2002. Grasslands, heathlands and shrublands in coastal New England: historical interpretations and approaches to conservation. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1569-1590. Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R. 2004. Insights for ecology and conservation. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R., Allen, A. E., Donohue, K., Wilson, P. 2004. Forest landscape patterns, structure and composition. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Motzkin, G., Foster, D. R., Allen, A. E., Harrod, J. C., Boone, R. D. 1996. Controlling site to evaluate history: vegetation patterns of a New England sand plain. Ecological Monographs 66: 345-365. Motzkin, G., Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2002. History and Dynamics of a Ridgetop Pitch Pine Community - Mount Everett, Massachusetts. Harvard Forest Paper No. 25 : . Motzkin, G., Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2002. Vegetation and disturbance history of a rare dwarf pitch pine community in western New England, USA. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1455-1467. Motzkin, G., Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2009. Dwarf Pitch Pine Communities in the Southern Taconics: Race Mountain, Bear Mountain, and "Hill 1914". Harvard Forest Paper No. 29 : 42. Motzkin, G., Patterson, W. A., Drake, N. E. R. 1993. Fire history and vegetation dynamics of a Chamaecyparis thyoides wetland on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Journal of Ecology 81: 391-402. Motzkin, G., Patterson, W. A., Drake, N. E. R. 1996. Fire history and vegetation dynamics of a Chamaecyparis thyoides wetland on Cape Cod, Massachusetts.. In: Samson, F. B., Knopf, F. L., Ecosystem Management - Selected Readings, Springer, New York. Motzkin, G., Patterson, W. A., Foster, D. R. 1999. A historical perspective on pitch pine-scrub oak communities in the Connecticut Valley of Massachusetts. Ecosystems 2: 255-273. Motzkin, G., Wilson, P., Foster, D. R., Allen, A. E. 1999. Vegetation patterns in heterogeneous landscapes: the importance of history and environment. Journal of Vegetation Science 10: 903-920. Munger, J. W., Fan, S. M., Bakwin, P. S., Goulden, M. L., Goldstein, A. H., Colman, A. S., Wofsy, S. C. 1998. Regional budgets for nitrogen oxides from continental sources- variations of rates for oxidation and deposition with season and distance from source regions. Journal of Geophysical Research 103: 8355-8368. Munger, J. W., Wofsy, S. C., Bakwin, P. S., Fan, S.-M., Goulden, M. L., Daube, B. C., Goldstein, A. H., Moore, K. E., Fitzjarrald, R. 1996. Atmospheric deposition of reactive nitrogen oxides and ozone in a temperate deciduous forest and a sub-arctic woodland. I. Measurements and mechanisms. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 12639-12657. Munger, W., Barford, C. C., Wofsy, S. C. 2004. Exchanges between the forest and atmosphere. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Murison, W. F. 1955. Fomes . Thesis, Harvard University. Murry, M. A., A.J. Horne, J.R. Benemann. 1984. Physiological studies of oxygen protection mechanisms in the heterocysts of Anabaena cylindrica. Applied and Environmental Microbiology March: 449-454. Murry, M. A., Fontaine, M. S., Torrey, J. G. 1984. Growth kinetics and nitrogenase induction in Frankia sp. HFPArI 3 grown in batch culture. Plant and Soil 78: 61-78. Murry, M. A., Hallenbeck, P. C., Benemann, J. R. 1984. Immunochemical evidence that nitrogenase is restricted to the heterocysts in Anabaena cylindrica. Arch. Microbiol. 137: 194-199. Murry, M. A., Zhang, Z., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Effect of O2 on vesicle formation, acetylene reduction, and O2-uptake kinetics in Frankia sp. HFPCcI3 isolated from Casuarina cunninghamiana. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31: 804-809. Muth, C. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Tree canopy displacement at forest gap edges. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32: 247-254. Muth, C. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 2002. Tree seedling canopy responses to conflicting photosensory cues. Oecologia 132: 197-204. Muth, C. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 2003. Tree canopy displacement and neighborhood interactions. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33: 1323-1330. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Aber, J. D., Downs, M. R., Fry, B., Melillo, J. M. 1993. Biological sinks for nitrogen additions to a forested catchment. In: , CEC Report of the Proceedings of the International Symposium on Experimental Manipulation of Biota and Biogeochemical Cycling in Ecosystems, , Copenhagen. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Boone, R. D., Bowden, R. D., Canary, J. D., Kaye, J., Micks, P., Ricca, A., McDowell, W. H., Aitkenhead, J. 2004. The DIRT experiment: litter and root influences on forest soil organic matter stocks and function. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Bouwman, A. F., Delaney, M., Melillo, J. M., Schäfer, W., Scholes, M. C., Scholes, R. J., Sonntag, C. H., Sunda, W., Veldkamp, E., Welch, E. B. 1995. Effects of climate change and human perturbations on interactions between non-living organic matter and nutrients. In: R. G. Zepp, R. G., Sonntag, C. H., Report of the Dahlem Workshop on the Role of Nonliving Organic Matter in the Earth's Carbon Cycle, John Wiley & Sons, .. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Bowden, R. D., Boone, R. D., Lajtha, K. 2000. Controls on forest soil organic matter development and dynamics: chronic litter manipulation as a potential international LTER activity. In: Lajtha, K., Vanderbilt, K., Cooperation in Long Term Ecological Research in Central and Eastern Europe, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Colman, B. P., Currie, W. S., Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D. 2004. Decadal scale fates of 15N tracers added to oak and pine stands under ambient and elevated N inputs at the Harvard Forest (USA). Forest Ecology and Management 196: 89-107. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Downs, M. R., Fry, B. 1999. Sinks for 15N-enriched additions to an oak forest and a red pine plantation. Ecological Applications 9: 72-86. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Downs, M. R., Fry, B., Aber, J. D., Magill, A. H., Melillo, J. M. 1995. The fate of 15N-labelled nitrate additions to a northern hardwood forest in eastern Maine, USA. Oecologia 103: 292-301. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Downs, M. R., Fry, B., Magill, A., Aber, J. D. 1999. Controls on N retention and exports in a fertilized watershed. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment 55: 187-210. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Emmett, B. A., Gundersen, P., Kjønaas, O. J., Koopmans, C. J., Schleppi, P., Tietema, A., Wright, R. F. 1999. Nitrogen deposition makes a minor contribution to carbon sequestration in temperate forests. Nature 398: 145-148. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Emmett, B. A., Gundersen, P., Koopmans, C. J., Schleppi, P., Tietema, A., Wright, R. F. 1999. Nitrogen deposition and carbon sequestration. Nature 400: 630. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Fry, B. 1994. Nitrogen isotope studies in forest ecosystems. In: Lajtha, K., Michener, R., Stable Isotopes in Ecology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK. Nadelhoffer, K. J., J.D. Aber, J.M. Melillo. 1984. Seasonal patterns of ammonium and nitrate uptake in nine temperate forest ecosystems. Plant and Soil 80: 321-335. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Raich, J. R. 1992. Fine root production estimates and belowground carbon allocation in forest ecosystems. Ecology 73: 1139-1147. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Raich, J. R., Aber, J. D. 1998. A global trend in belowground carbon allocation: comment. Ecology 79: 1822-1825. Nadelhoffer, K. J., Raich, J. W., Aber, J. D. 1998. Ecosystem stoichiometry: carbon budgets and fine root production in forests. Ecology 79: 1822-1825. Nadis, S. 1989. Seeing the Forest and the Trees. Harvard Magazine 91: 5. Neelon, S. E. 1996. The response of understory vegetation to simulated hurricane disturbance. Thesis, Smith College. Neill, C. M., Von Holle, B., Kleese, K., Ivy, K., Collins, A. R., Treat, C., Dean, M. 2007. Historical influences on the vegetation and soils of the Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts coastal sandplain: Implications for conservation and restoration. Biological Conservation 136: 17-32. Neill, C., Cerri, C. C., Melillo, J. M., Feigl, B. J., Steudler, P. A., Moraes, J. F. L., Piccolo, M. C. 1997. Soil carbon stocks and dynamics following deforestation for pasture in Rondônia. In: Lal, R., Kimble, J. M., Follett, R. F., Stewart, B. A., Soil Processes and the Carbon Cycle, CRC Press, New York. Neill, C., Fry, B., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Moraes, J. L., Cerri, C. C. 1996. Forest- and pasture-derived carbon contributions to organic matter stocks and respiration of tropical pasture soils. Oecologia 107: 113-119. Neill, C., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Cerri, C. C., Moraes, J. F. L., Piccolo, M. C., Brito, M. 1997. Soil organic matter stocks following forest clearing for pasture in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. Ecological Applications 7: 1216-1225. Neill, C., Piccolo, M. C., Cerri, C. C., Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. M., Brito, M. 1997. Net nitrogen mineralization and net nitrification rates in soils following deforestation for pasture across the southwestern Brazilian Amazon Basin landscape. Oecologia 110: 243-252. Neill, C., Piccolo, M. C., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Cerri, C. C. 2000. Nitrogen dynamics in Amazon forest and pasture soils measured by 15N pool dilution. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 31: 567-572. Neill, C., Piccolo, M. C., Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. M., Feigl, B. J., Cerri, C. C. 1995. Nitrogen dynamics in soils of forests and active pastures in the western Brazilian Amazon Basin. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 27: 1167-1175. Newbanks, D. A., Bosch, A., Zimmermann, M. H. 1983. Evidence for xylem dysfunction by embolism in Dutch elm disease. Phytopathology 73: 1060-1063. Newbanks, D., Roy, D. N., Zimmermann, M. H. 1982. Dutch elm disease: What an arborist should know. Arnoldia 42: 60-69. Newcomb, W., Baker. D., Torrey, J. G. 1987. Ontogeny and fine structure of effective root nodules of the autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata). Canadian Journal of Botany 65: 80-94. Newcomb, W., D. Callaham, J.G. Torrey, R.L. Petersen. 1979. Morphogenesis and fine structure of the actinomycetous endophyte of nitrogen-fixing root nodules of Comptonia peregrina. Botanical Gazette 140: S22-S34. Newcomb, W., Jackson, S., Racette, S., Torrey, J. G. 1990. Ultrastructure of infected cells in the actinorhizal root nodules of Gymnostoma papuanum (Casuarinaceae) prepared by high pressure freezing and chemical fixation. Protoplasma 157: 172-181. Newcomb, W., Peterson, R.. L., Callaham, D., Torrey, J. G. 1978. Structure and host-actinomycete interactions in developing root nodules of Comptonia peregrina. Canadian Journal of Botany 56: 502-531. Newcomb, W., Syono, K., Torrey, J. G. 1977. Development of an Ineffective Pea Root Nodule: Morphogenesis, Fine Structure and Cytokinin Biosynthesis. Canadian Journal of Botany 55: 1891-1907. Newell, S. J., Solbrig, O. T., Kincaid, D. T. 1981. Studies on the population biology of the genus Viola: III. The demography of Viola blanda and Viola pallens. Journal of Ecology 69: 997-1016. Ne’eman, G., Ne’eman, R., Ellison, A. M. 2006. Limits to reproductive success of Sarracenia purpurea (Sarraceniaceae). American Journal of Botany 93: 1660-1666. Nickell, L. G., Torrey, J. G. 1969. Crop Improvement Through Plant Cell and Tissue Culture. Science 166: 1068-1070. Noger, P. 1995. Effects of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae on plant growth. Thesis, Swiss Eidgenössiche Technische Hockscule of Zurich. Norberg, E. A. 1964. Assessment of forest floor fuels at the Black Rock Forest. Thesis, Harvard University. O'Donnell, F. C. 2007. Carbon Dynamics of a New England Temperate Forest Five Years after Selective Logging. Thesis, Harvard University. O'Keefe, J. F. 1981. Factors affecting the distribution and growth of mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia L.) in central Massachusetts. Thesis, University of Massachusetts. O'Keefe, J. F. 2003. Domestication of the Land: From Wilderness to Farmland: 1492-1770’s; and New England Agrarian Commonwealths: 1492-1770’s. In: C. Miller, The Atlas of US and Canadian Environmental History, Routledge, New York. O'Keefe, J. F., Foster, D. R. 1998. An ecological and environmental history of Massachusetts Forests. In: Foster, C.H.W., Stepping Back to Look Forward - a History of the Massachusetts Forest, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA. O'Keefe, J. F., Foster, D. R. 1998. An ecological history of Massachusetts forests. Arnoldia 58: 2-31. O'Regan, W. O., Gould Jr., E. M. 1965. Systems, simulation, and forest management. Proceedings of Proceedings, Society of American Foresters Meeting. . Odum, S. 1978. Dormant seeds at abandoned settlements in Petersham, Massachusetts. In: , Dormant Seeds in Danish Ruderal Soils, Horsholm Arboretum, Denmark. Oliver, C. D. 1975. The development of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) in mixed species, even-age stands in central New England. Thesis, Yale University. Oliver, C. D. 1978. The development of northern red oak in mixed stands in central New England. Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Bulletin : 63. Oliver, C. D., Stephens, E. P. 1977. Reconstruction of a mixed-species forest in central New England. Ecology 58: 562-572. Ollinger, S. V. 2003. Forest Ecosystems. In: , Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, Nature Publishing Group, London. [http://www.els.net/]. Ollinger, S. V. 2005. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Forests. Review of: Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Christian Körner, and Ernst-Detlef Schulze, editors. 2005. Forest diversity and function: temperate and boreal systems. Springer, New York. Ecology 86: 2256-2257. Ollinger, S. V., Aber, J. D., Federer, C. A. 1998. Estimating regional forest productivity and water yield using an ecosystem model linked to a GIS. Landscape Ecology 13: 323-334. Ollinger, S. V., Aber, J. D., Federer, C. A., Lovett, G. M., Ellis, J. M. 1995. Modeling physical and chemical climatic variables across the northeastern U.S. for a geographic information system. General Tech. Report NE-191: 30. Ollinger, S. V., Aber, J. D., Lovett, G. M., Millham, S. E., Lathrop, R. G., Ellis, J. E. 1993. A spatial model of atmospheric deposition for the northeastern U.S. Ecological Applications 3: 459-472. Ollinger, S. V., Aber, J. D., Reich, P. B. 1996. Predicting the effects of tropospheric ozone on forest productivity in the northeastern U.S.. In: , Proceedings, 1995 Meeting of the Northern Global Change Program, USDA/USFS General Technical Report NE-214, . Ollinger, S. V., Aber, J. D., Reich, P. B. 1997. Simulating ozone effects on forest productivity: interactions between leaf,-canopy,-and stand-level processes. Ecological Applications 7: 1237-1251. Ollinger, S. V., Aber, J. D., Reich, P. B., Freuder, R. 2002. Interactive effects of nitrogen deposition, tropospheric ozone, elevated CO2 and land use history on the carbon dynamics of northern hardwood forests. Global Change Biology 8: 545-562. Ollinger, S. V., Goodale, C. G., Hayhoe, K., Jenkins, J. P. 2008. Effects of predicted changes in climate and atmospheric composition on ecosystem processes in Northeastern U.S. Forests. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 13: . Ollinger, S. V., Goodale, C. L. , Hayhoe, K. , Jenkins, J. P. 2008. Potential effects of climate and rising CO2 on ecosystem processes in northeastern U.S. forests. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 13: 467-485. Ollinger, S. V., Richardson, A. D., Martin, M. E., Hollinger, D. Y., Frolking, S. F., Reich, P. B., Plourde, L. C., Katul, G. G., Munger, J. W., Oren, R., Smith, M-L., Paw, U., Bolstad, P. V., Cook, B. D., Day, M. C., Martin,T. A., Monson,R. K., Schmid, H. P. 2008. Canopy Nitrogen, Carbon Assimilation and Albedo in Temperate and Boreal Forests: Functional Relations and Potential Climate Feedbacks. Proceedings of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. . Ollinger, S. V., Sala, O., Ågren, G., Berg, B., Davidson, E. A., Field, C. B., Lerdau, M. T., Neff, J., Scholes, M. C., Sterner, R. 2003. New Frontiers in the Study of Element Interactions. In: Melillo, J., Field, C. B., Interactions of the Major Biogeochemical Cycles, Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE), Island Press Publishers, Washington, DC. Ollinger, S. V., Smith, M. L. 2005. Net Primary Production and Canopy Nitrogen in a temperate forest landscape: an analysis using imaging spectrometry, modeling and field data. Ecosystems 8: 760-778. Ollinger, S. V., Smith, M. L., Martin, M. E. , Hallett, R. A., Goodale, C. L. , Aber, J. D. 2002. Regional variation in foliar chemistry and soil nitrogen status among forests of diverse history and composition. Ecology 83: 339-355. Ollinger, S. V., Treuhaft, R. N., Braswell, B. H., Anderson, J. E., Martin, M. E., Smith, M-L. 2007. The Role of Remote Sensing in the Study of Terrestrial Net Primary Production.. In: Fahey, T. J., Knapp, A., Principles and Standards for Measuring Net Primary Production in Long-Term Ecological Studies, Oxford University Press, London. Ollinger, S.V., Frolking, S. E., Richardson, A. D., Martin, M. E., Hollinger, D. Y., Reich, P. B., Plourde, L.C. 2009. Nitrogen-albedo relationship in forests remains robust and thought-provoking (Reply). Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences. . Orians, C. M., Smith, S. D. P., Sack, L. 2005. How are leaves plumbed in a branch? The sectoriality of xylem hydraulics in six temperate tree species.. Journal of Experimental Botany 56: 2267-2273; doi:10.1093/jxb/eri233. Orwig, D. A. 2002. Ecosystem to regional impacts of introduced pests and pathogens: historical context, questions and issues. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1471-1474. Orwig, D. A. 2002. Stand dynamics associated with chronic hemlock woolly adelgid infestations in southern new England. Proceedings of Symposium on the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in Eastern North America Proceedings. New Brunswick, New Jersey. Orwig, D. A. 2004. An evaluation of the western slope forests of Wachusett Mountain. , . Orwig, D. A. 2008. Eastern Hemlock: Irreplaceable Habitat. Massachusetts Sierran Summer: 3-5. Orwig, D. A. 2009. Eleven Years of Old-growth Forest Dynamics within Wachusett Mountain State Reservation. . Orwig, D. A. , Foster, D. R. , Kizlinski, M. L. 1999. Stand and Landscape Level Analysis of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Outbreaks in Southern New England (Abstract). . Proceedings of 1999 USDA Interagency Research Forum. . Orwig, D. A., Abrams, M. D. 1995. Dendroecological and ecophysiological analysis of gap environments in mixed-oak understoreys of northern Virginia. Functional Ecology 9: 799-806. Orwig, D. A., Abrams, M. D. 1997. Variation of radial growth responses to drought among species, site, and canopy strata. Trees 11: 474-484. Orwig, D. A., Abrams, M. D. 1999. Impacts of early selective logging on the dendroecology of an old-growth, bottomland hemlock-white pine-northern hardwood forest on the Allegheny Plateau. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 126: 234-244. Orwig, D. A., Cobb, R. C., D'Amato, A. W., Kizlinski, M. L., Foster, D. R. 2008. Multi-year ecosystem response to hemlock woolly adelgid infestation in southern New England Forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 38: 834-843. Orwig, D. A., Cobb, R. C., Kizlinski, M. L., Currie, S. J., Foster, D. R. 2000. Ecosystem response to hemlock decline from hemlock woolly adelgid in southern New England. Proceedings of ESA. . Orwig, D. A., Cogbill, C. V., Foster, D. R., O'Keefe, J. F. 2001. Variations in old-growth structure and definitions: forest dynamics on Wachusett Mountain, Massachusetts. Ecological Applications 11: 437-452. Orwig, D. A., D'Amato, A. 2007. Old Growth in the Northeast Southern New England old-growth forests: how much is left and can they help inform management decisions?. New England Society of American Foresters News Quarterly 68: 10-11. Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 1998. Ecosystem response to an imported pathogen: the hemlock woolly adelgid. Arnoldia 58: 41-44. Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 1998. Forest response to the introduced hemlock woolly adelgid in southern New England, USA. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125: 59-72. Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R. 2000. Stand, landscape and ecosystem analyses of hemlock woolly adelgid outbreaks in southern New England: an overview. In: McManus, K. A., Shields, K. S., Souto, D. R., Sustainable Management of Hemlock Ecosystems in Eastern North America, USDA, . Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R., Mausel, D. L. 2002. Landscape patterns of hemlock decline in New England due to the introduced hemlock woolly adelgid.. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1475-1487. Orwig, D. A., Foster, D. R., O'Keefe, J. F. 1999. Old-growth forests on Wachusett Mountain. In: , Wachusett Mountain State Reservation Resource Management and Protection Plan, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management, Boston, MA. Orwig, D. A., Kittredge, D. B. 2005. Silvicultural options for managing hemlock forests threatened by hemlock woolly adelgid.. Proceedings of 3rd symposium on hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States. Newtown, PA. Orwig, D. A., Kizlinski, M. L. 2002. Vegetation response following hemlock woolly adelgid infestation, hemlock decline, and hemlock salvage logging. Proceedings of Symposium on the Hemlock Wooly Adelgid in eastern North America proceedings. New Brunswick, NJ. Osterweil, L. J., Clark, L. A., Ellison, A. M., Podorozhny, R., Wise, A., Boose, E. R., Hadley, J. L. 2008. Experience in using a process language to define scientific workflow and generate dataset provenance. Proceedings of The 16th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ACM SIGSOFT 2008 / FSE 16). . Osterweil, L. J., Wise, A., Clarke, L., Ellison, A. M., Hadley, J. L., Boose, E. R., Foster, D. R. 2006. Process technology to facilitate the conduct of science.. Proceedings of International Software Process Workshop. Beijing, China. Oswald, W. W., Faison, E. K., Foster, D. R., Doughty, E. D., Hall, B., Hansen, B. C. S. 2007. Post-glacial changes in spatial patterns of vegetation across southern New England. Journal of Biogeography 34: 900-913. Oswald, W. W., Foster, D. R., Doughty, E. D., Faison, E. K. 2009. A record of Lateglacial and early Holocene environmental and ecological change from southwestern Connecticut, USA. Journal of Quaternary Science 24: 553-556. Oswald, W. W., Hansen, B. C. S., Foster, D. R. 2007. Comparison of pollen and stomates in late-glacial and early-Holocene lake sediments from eastern Massachusetts.. Rhodora 109: 225-229. Paillet, F. L. 1988. Character and distribution of American chestnut sprouts in southern New England woodlands. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 115: 32-44. Paillet, F. L. 2002. Chestnut: history and ecology of a transformed species. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1517-1530. Pan, Y., McGuire, A. D., Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J. M. 1996. The importance of climate and soils for estimates of net primary production: a sensitivity analysis with the terrestrial ecosystem model. Global Change Biology 2: 5-23. Pan, Y., Melillo, J. M., McGuire, A. D., Kicklighter, D. W., Pitelka, L. F., Hibbard, K., Pierce, L. L., Running, S. W., Ojima, D. S., Parton, W. J., Schimel, D. S., Members, V. E. M. A. P. 1998. Modeled responses of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated atmospheric CO2: A comparison of simulations by the biogeochemistry models of the Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP). Oecologia 114: 389-404. Park, J. J. 1998. The effects of gap-phase heterogeneity in stand dynamics within a Chamaecyparis thyoides forest in southeastern Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Parshall, T, Calcote, R. 2001. Effects of pollen from regional vegetation on stand scale forest reconstruction. The Holocene 11: 81. Parshall, T., Foster, D. R. 2002. Fire on the New England landscape: regional and temporal variation, cultural and environmental controls. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1305-1317. Parshall, T., Foster, D. R., Faison, E. K., MacDonald, D., Hansen, B. C. S. 2003. Long-term history of vegetation and fire in pitch pine-oak forests on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Ecology 84: 736-738. Parton, W., Silver, W. L., Burke, I. C., Grassesn, L., Harmon, M. E., Currie, W. S., King, J., Adair, E. C., Brandt, L. A., Hart, S. C., Fasth, B. 2007. Striking global-scale similarities in nitrogen release patterns during long term decomposition.. Science 315: 361-364. Pathmathevan, M., Wofsy, S. C., Matross, D. M., Xiao, X., Dunn, A. L., Lin, J. C., Gerbig, C., Munger, J. W. , Chow, V. Y., Gottlieb, E. W. 2007. A Satellite-Based Biosphere Parameterization for Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange: Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM). Global Biogeochemical Cycles : . Patric, J. H. 1957. The relationship of species distribution to soil moisture in Tom Swamp I, including a detailed survey of old planting areas. Thesis, Harvard University. Patric, J. H. 1974. River flow increases in central New England after the hurricane of 1938. Journal of Forestry 72: . Patric, J. H., Gould Jr., E. M. 1976. Shifting land use and the effects on river flow in Massachusetts. Journal American Water Works Association 68: 41-45. Patric, J. H., Lyford, W.H. 1980. Soil-water relations at the headwaters of a stream in central New England. Harvard Forest Paper 22: 24. Patric, J. H., Smith, D. W. 1975. Forest management and nutrient cycling in eastern hardwoods. , . Patterson III, W. A., Edwards, K. J., Maguire, D. J. 1987. Microscopic charcoal as a fossil indicator of fire. Quaternary Science Review 6: 3-23. Patterson III, W. A., Foster, D. R. 1990. "Tabernacle Pines" - the rest of the story. Journal of Forestry 89: 23-25. Patterson III, W. A., Sassman, K. E. 1988. Indian fires in the prehistory of New England. In: G.P. Nichols, Holocene Human Ecology in Northeastern North America, Plenum Publishing, New York. Patton, R. T. 1922. Red oak and white ash: a study of growth and yield. Harvard Forest Bulletin 4: 38. Pauley, S. S. 1948. Budding as a Silvicultural Technique (Results of budding tests at the Arnold Arboretum and Harvard Forest). Journal of Forestry 46: 524-525. Pauley, S. S. 1948. Sex and vigor in Populus. Science 108: 302-303. Pauley, S. S. 1949. Forest-tree genetics research: Populus L.. Economic Botany 3: 299-330. Pauley, S. S. 1950. Forest-tree breeding work of the Cabot Foundation. Arnoldia 10: 1-8. Pauley, S. S., Johnson, A. G., Santamour Jr., F. S. 1963. Results of aspen screening tests: I. Seed sources of quaking aspen (P. tremuloides Michaux); II. Seed sources of European aspen (Populus tremula Linnaeus); III. F1 Hybrid progenies of quaking X European aspen; IV. F1 Hybrid progenies. , . Pauley, S. S., Perry, T. O. 1954. Ecotypic variation of the photoperiodic response in Populus. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 35: 167-188. Pauley, S. S., Spurr, S. H., Whitmore, F. W. 1955. Seed source trials of eastern white pine. Forest Science 1: 244-256. Pederson, N., D'Amato, A. W., Orwig, D. A. 2007. Natural history from dendrochronology: maximum ages of rarely studied hardwood species. Proceedings of 16th Central Hardwood Forest Conference. Knoxville, TN. Pederson, N., D'Amato, A., Orwig, D. A. 2007. Central hardwood natural history from dendrochronology: maximum ages of rarely studied species. Proceedings of 15th Central Harwood Forest Conference. Knoxville, Tennessee. Peirson, H. B. 1921. The life history and control of the Pales weevil (Hylobius pales). Harvard Forest Bulletin 3: 33. Peirson, H. B. 1922. Control of white pine weevil by forest management. Harvard Forest Bulletin 5: 42 pp. Pelini, S. L., Dzurisin, J.D.K., Prior, K.M., Williams, C. M., Marsico, T. D., Sinclair, J. D., Hellmann, J. J. 2009. Translocation experiments in butterfly species reveal limitations to range shifts under climate change. Proceedings of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. . Pengelly, W. L., Torrey, J. G. 1982. The relationship between growth and indole-3-acetic acid content of roots of Pisum sativum L.. Botanical Gazette 143: 195-200. Perry, T. O. 1971. Dormancy in trees in winter. Science 171: 29-36. Perry, T. O. 1982. The ecology of tree roots and the practical significance thereof. Journal of Arboriculture 8: 197-211. Peterjohn, W. T., Melillo, J. M., Bowles, F. P., Steudler, P. A. 1993. Soil warming and trace gas fluxes: experimental design and preliminary flux results. Oecologia 93: 18-24. Peterjohn, W. T., Melillo, J. M., Steudler, P. A., Newkirk, K. M., Bowles, F. P., Aber, J. D. 1995. Responses of trace gas fluxes and N availability to experimentally elevated soil temperatures. Ecological Applications 4: 617-625. Petersham--Town 1994. Petersham Street List-1994 . Peterson, C. N., Day, S., Wolfe, B. E., Ellison, A. M., Kolter, R., Pringle, A. 2008. A keystone predator controls bacterial diversity in the pitcher plant (Sarracenia purpurea) microecosystem. Environmental Microbiology 10: 2257-2266. Peterson, D. M., Torrey, J. G. 1968. Amino Acid Incorporation in Developing Fucus Embryos. Plant Physiology 43: 941-947. Petitmermet, M. 1930. Un sejour en Nouvelle Angleterre (Etats-Unis d'Amerique), impressions forestieres. Journal Forestier Suisse : . Pettijohn, J. C., Salvucci, G. D., Phillips, N. G., Daley, M. J. 2009. Mechanisms of moisture stress in a mid-latitude temperate forest: Implications for feedforward and feedback controls from an irrigation experiment. Ecological Modelling 220: 968-978. Phillips Jr., H. L., Torrey, J. G. 1971. Deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in root cap cells of cultured roots of Convolvulus. Plant Physiology 48: 213-218. Phillips Jr., H. L., Torrey, J. G. 1971. The quiescent center in cultured roots of Convolvulus arvensis L.. American Journal of Botany 58: 665-671. Phillips Jr., H. L., Torrey, J. G. 1972. Duration of cell cycles in cultured roots of Convolvulus. American Journal of Botany 59: 183-188. Phillips Jr., H. L., Torrey, J. G. 1974. The ultrastructure of the quiescent center in the apex of cultured roots of Convolvulus arvensis L.. American Journal of Botany 61: 871-878. Phillips Jr., H. L., Torrey, J. G. 1974. The ultrastructure of the root cap in cultured roots of Convolvulus arvensis L.. American Journal of Botany 61: 879-887. Phillips, D. A., Torrey, J. G. 1970. Cytokinin Production by Rhizobium japonicum. Physiologia Plantarum 23: 1057-1063. Phillips, D. A., Torrey, J. G. 1972. Studies on Cytokinin Production by Rhizobium. Plant Physiology 49: 11-15. Phillips, R., Torrey, J. G. 1973. DNA synthesis, cell division and specific cytodifferentiation in cultured pea root cortical explants. Developmental Biology 31: 336-347. Phillips, R., Torrey, J. G. 1974. DNA levels in differentiating tracheary elements. Developmental Biology 39: 322-325. Pizzolato, T. D. 1977. Staining of Tilia mucilages with Mayer's tannic acid-ferric chloride. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 104: 277-279. Pizzolato, T. D. 1978. A tannic acid-ferric chloride-toluidine blue stain for wood amyloplasts embedded in epoxy resin. Forest Science 24: 49-51. Pope, R. B. 1948. Tests of several types of aerial photo-cruises on a 133-acre area, Slab City X and IX. Thesis, Harvard University. Posluszny, U. 1977. Morphology and development of floral shoots and organs in certain Zannichelliaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 74: 21-46. Potosnak, M. J., Wofsy, S. C., Denning, A. S., Conway, T. J., Barnes, D. H. 1999. Influence of biotic exchange and combustion sources on atmospheric CO2 concentrations in New England from observations at a forest flux tower. Journal of Geophysical Research 104: 9561-9569. Power, M. J., Marlon, J., N. Ortiz, N., Bartlein, P. J., Harrison, S. P., Mayle, F. E., Ballouche, A., Bradshaw, R. H. W. , Carcaillet, C., Cordova, C., Mooney, S., Moreno, P. I., Prentice, I. C. , Thonicke, K., Tinner, W., Whitlock, C., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Ali, A. A., Anderson, R. S., Beer, R., Behling, H., Briles, C., Brown, K. J., Brunelle, A., Bush, M., Camill, P., Chu, G. Q., Clark, J., Colombaroli, D., Connor, S., Daniau, A. L., Daniels, M., Dodson, J., Doughty, E., Edwards, M. E., Finsinger, W., Foster, D. R., Frechette, J., Gaillard, M. J., Gavin, D. G., Gobet, E., Haberle, S., Hallett, D. J., Higuera, P., Hope, G., Horn, S., Inoue, J., Kaltenrieder, P., Kennedy, L., Kong, Z. C., Larsen, C., Long, C. J., Lynch, J., Lynch, A., McGlone, M., Meeks, S., Mensing, S., Meyer, G., Minckley, T., Mohr, J., Nelson, D. M., New, J., Newnham, R., Noti, R., Oswald, W. W., Pierce, J., Richard, P. J. H., Rowe, C., Goni, M. F. S., Shuman, B. N., Takahara, H., Toney, J., Turney, C., Urrego-Sanchez, D. H., Umbanhowar, C., Vandergoes, M., Vanniere, B., Vescovi, E., Walsh, M., Wang, X., Williams, N., Wilmshurst, J., Zhan, J. H. 2008. Changes in fire regimes since the Last Glacial Maximum: an assessment based on a global synthesis and analysis of charcoal data. Climate Dynamics 30: 887-907. Pregitzer, K. S., Reed, D. D., Bornhorst, T. J., Foster, D. R., Mroz, G. D., McLachlan, J. S., Laks, P. E., Stokke, D. D., Martin, P. E., Brown, S. E. 2000. A buried spruce forest provides evidence at the stand and landscape scale for the effects of environment on vegetation at the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary. Journal of Ecology 88: 45-53. Preisser, E. L., Lodge, A., Orwig, D. A., Elkinton, J. S. 2008. Range expansion and population dynamics of co-occurring invasive herbivores. Journal of Biological Invasions. 10: 201-213. Prichard, R. P., Bailey, I. W. 1916. The significance of certain variations in the anatomical structure of wood. Forestry Quarterly 14: 662-670. Primack, R. B. 1973. Growth patterns of five species of Lycopodium. American Fern Journal 63: 3-7. Primack, R. B., Corlett, R. 2005. Tropical Rainforests: An Ecological and Biogeographical Comparison. Blackwell Science, . Prinn, R. G., Jacoby, H., Sokolov, A. P., Wang, C., Xiao, X., Yang, Z., Eckaus, R., Stone, E. L., Ellerman, D., Melillo, J., Fitzmaurice, J., Kicklighter, D. W., Holian, G., Liu, Y. 2000. Integrated global system model for climate policy assessment: Feedbacks and sensitivity studies. Climatic Change 41: 469-546. Pritchett, W. L. 1979. Properties and Management of Forest Soils. John Wiley and Sons, New York. Putz, F. 2004. Hope and the Hemlock. Sanctuary 43: 10-11. Pérez-Salicrup, D. 2004. Forest Types and their Implications. In: Turner, B. L., Geoghegan, J., Foster, D. R., Integrated Land Change Science and Tropical Deforestation in Southern Yucatán: Final Frontiers, Oxford University Press, New York. Pérez-Salicrup, D., Barker, M. G. 2000. Effect of Liana Cutting on Water Potential and Growth of Adult Senna multijuga (Caesalpinioideae) trees in a Bolivian tropical forest. Oecologia 124: 469-475. Racette, S., Louis, I., Torrey, J. G. 1990. Cluster root formation by Gymnostoma papuanum (Casuarinaceae) in relation to aeration and mineral nutrient availability in water culture. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 2564-2570. Racette, S., Torrey, J. G. 1989. Root nodule initiation in Gymnostoma (Casuarinaceae) and Shepherdia (Elaeagnaceae) induced by Frankia strain HFPGp11. Canadian Journal of Botany 67: 2873-2879. Racette, S., Torrey, J. G. 1989. The isolation, culture and infectivity of a Frankia strain from Gymnostoma papuanum (Casuarinaceae). Plant and Soil 118: 165-170. Racette, S., Torrey, J. G., Berg, R. H. 1991. Sporulation in Root Nodules of Actinorhizal Plants Inoculated With Pure Cultured Strains of Frankia. Canadian Journal of Botany 69: 1471-1476. Raggio, M., Raggio, N., Torrey, J. G. 1957. The nodulation of isolated leguminous roots. American Journal of Botany 44: 325-334. Raggio, M., Raggio, N., Torrey, J. G. 1965. The interaction of nitrate and carbohydrates in rhizobial root nodule formation. Plant Physiology 40: 601-606. Raghavan, V., Torrey, J. G. 1963. Growth and morphogenesis of globular and older embryos of Capsella in culture. American Journal of Botany 50: 540-551. Raghavan, V., Torrey, J. G. 1964. Effects of certain growth substances on the growth and morphogenesis of immature embryos of Capsella in culture. Plant Physiology 39: 691-699. Raghavan, V., Torrey, J. G. 1964. Inorganic nitrogen nutrition of the seedlings of the orchid, Cattleya. American Journal of Botany 51: 264-274. Raich, J. W., Bowden, R. D., Steudler, P. A. 1990. Comparison of two static chamber techniques for determination of CO2 efflux from forest soils. Journal of Soil Science Society of America 54: 1754-1757. Rainey, S. M., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Silver, S. L., Downs, M. R. 1999. Effects of chronic nitrogen additions on understory species abundance and nutrient content in a red pine plantation. Ecological Applications 9: 949-957. Rasche, H. 1958. Temperature differences in Harvard Forest and their significance. Harvard Forest Paper 4: 153. Rastetter, E. B., Ryan, M. G., Shaver, G. R., Melillo, J. M., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Hobbie, J. E., Aber, J. D. 1991. A general biogeochemical model describing the responses of the C and N cycles in terrestrial ecosystems to changes in CO2 climate and N deposition. Tree Physiology 9: 101-126. Ratchford, J. S., Wittman, S. E., Jules, E. S., Ellison, A. M., Gotelli, N. J., Sanders, N. J. 2005. The effects of fire, local environment, and time on ant assemblages in fens and forests. Diversity and Distributions 11: 487-497. Raup, H. M. 1937. Recent changes of climate and vegetation in southern New England and adjacent New York. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 18: 79-117. Raup, H. M. 1938. Botanical studies in the Black Rock Forest. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 7 : . Raup, H. M. 1938. Unpublished: Thoughts pertaining to the glacial history of New England; Notes on the significance of competition in wild nature; A theory of forest dynamics: the ecological implications of forest succession models-review; Random. Raup, H. M. 1940. Old field forests of southeastern New England. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 21: 266-273. Raup, H. M. 1940. Thoughts pertaining to the glacial history of New England; Notes on the significance of competition in wild nature; A theory of forest dynamics: the ecological implications of forest succession models-review; Random thoughts about. Raup, H. M. 1941. An old forest in Stonington, Connecticut. Rhodora 43: 67-71. Raup, H. M. 1942. Trends in the development of geographic botany. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 32: 319-354. Raup, H. M. 1947. Some natural floristic areas in boreal America. Ecological Monographs 17: 221-234. Raup, H. M. 1951. Energy from forests. Proceedings of Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. . Raup, H. M. 1951. Vegetation and cryoplanation. The Ohio Journal of Science 51: 105-116. Raup, H. M. 1952. Address on forestry. Nature Outlook 1: 10-12. Raup, H. M. 1954. Soil: a basic resource in wood production. Newsquarterly & Section Affairs New England Section, Society of American Foresters 15: 7. Raup, H. M. 1957. Old Growth Forest on the Shore of Harvard Pond. Bulletin of the Audubon Society of Rhode Island XVIII: 1-16. Raup, H. M. 1957. Vegetation adjustment to the instability of the site. Proceedings of Proc. 6th Techn. Meeting Internat. Union Conserv. Nat. & Nat. Resources. Edinburgh. Raup, H. M. 1964. Man: a renewable natural resource. Proceedings of The Ford Foundation, Conference on Natural Resources. . Raup, H. M. 1964. Some problems in ecological theory and their relation to conservation. Journal of Ecology 52 (Supplement): 19-28. Raup, H. M. 1966. The view from John Sanderson's farm: A perspective for the use of the land. Forest History 10: 2-11. Raup, H. M. 1967. American forest biology. Journal of Forestry 65: 800-803. Raup, H. M. 1979. Beware the conventional wisdom. Western Wildlands 5: 2-9. Raup, H. M. 1981. Forests in the Here and Now: A Collection of Writings of Hugh Miller Raup, Bullard Professor of Forestry, Emeritus Harvard University. Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, . Raup, H. M. 1981. Physical disturbances in the life of plants. In: Nitecki, M, Biotic Crises in Ecological and Evolutionary Time, Academic Press, New York. Raup, H. M., Argus, G. W. 1982. The Lake Athabasca Sand Dunes of Northern Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada. I. The Land and Vegetation. Publications in Botany : 96 pp. Raup, H. M., Carlson, R. E. 1941. The history of land use in the Harvard Forest. Harvard Forest Bulletin 20: 64. Read, L., Lawrence, D. 2003. Litter nutrient dynamics in secondary dry tropical forests of the Southern Yucatan.. Ecosystems 6: 747-761. Read, L., Lawrence, D., Foster, D. R. 2003. Recovery of biomass following shifting cultivation in the Southern Yucatan. Ecological Applications 13: 85-97. Redman, C. L., Foster, D. R. 2008. Agrarian Landscapes in Transition. Oxford University Press, New York, N. Y.. Reed, C. 1974. From wheat to pines to oaks and ashes on John Sanderson's farm. Harvard Magazine February: 30-37. Reed, P. M. 1926. Red pine in central New England. A preliminary study with volume and yield tables. Harvard Forest Bulletin 9: 23. Reilly, J., Prinn, R. G., Harnisch, J., Fitzmaurice, J., Jacoby, H., Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J., Stone, P. H., Sokolov, A. P., Wang, C. 1999. Multi-gas assessment of the Kyoto Protocol. Nature 401: 549-555. Reinert, J., Torrey, J. G. 1961. Uber die Kultur von Geweben aus Haplopappus gracilis. Naturwissenschaften 48: 132-133. Reuter, U. 1987. Growth patterns of gemmlings of Lycopodium lucidulum. American Fern Journal 77: 50-57. Rice, A. H., Hammond Pyle, E., Saleska, S., Hutyra, L. R., Palace, M., Keller, M., Camargo, P.B. de, Portilho, K., Marques, D. F., Wofsy, S. C. 2004. Carbon Balance and Vegetation Dynamics in an Old-growth Amazonian Forest. Ecological Applications 4: 5S5-S71 Suppl. Rich, P. 1986. Mechanical Architecture of Arborescent Rain Forest Palms. Principes 30: 117-131. Richardson, A. D., Bailey, A. S., Denny, E. G., Martin, C. W., O'Keefe, J. F. 2006. Phenology of a northern hardwood forest canopy. Global Change Biology 12: 1174-1188. Richardson, A. D., Braswell, B. H., Hollinger, D. Y., Burman, P., Davidson, E. A., Evans, R. S., Flanagan, L. B., Munger, J. W., Savage, K. E., Urbanski, S. P., Wofsy, S. C. 2006. Comparing simple respiration models for eddy flux and dynamic chamber data. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 141: 219-234. Richardson, A. D., Hollinger, D. Y. , Dail, D. B. , Lee, J. T. , Munger, J. W. , O'Keefe, J. F. 2009. Influence of spring phenology on seasonal and annual carbon balance in two contrasting New England forests. Tree Physiology 29: 321-331. Richardson, A. D., Hollinger, D. Y., Burba, G. G., Davis, K. J., Flanagan, L. B., Katul, G. G., Munger, J. W., Ricciuto, D. M., Stoy, P. C., Suyker, A. E., Verma, S. B., Wofsy, S. C. 2006. A multi-site analysis of random error in tower-based measurements of carbon and energy fluxes. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 136: 1-18. Richardson, A. D., O’Keefe, J. F. 2009. Phenological differences between understory and overstory: A case study using the long-term Harvard Forest records. In: A. Noormets, Phenology of Ecosystem Processes, Springer Science & Business, . Richardson, A. H. 1920. A report on some of the forest plantations of Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Rickenbach, M. G., Kittredge, D. B. 2009. Time and distance: Comparing motivations among forest landowners in New England. Small-scale Forestry 8: 95-108. Robertson, G. P., Allen, V. G., Boody, G., Boose, E. R., Creamer, N. G., Drinkwater, L. E., Gosz, J. R., Lynch, L., Havlin, J. L., Jackson, L. E., Pickett, S. T. A., Pitelka, L., Randall, A., Reed, A. S., Seastedt, T. R., Waide, R. B., Wall, D. H. 2008. Long-Term Agricultural Research: a research, education, and extension imperative. BioScience 58: 640-645. Robertson, G. P., Wedin, D., Groffman, P. M., Blair, J. M., Holland, E., Nadelhoffer, K. J., Harris, D 1999. Soil carbon and nitrogen availability: nitrogen mineralization, nitrification and soil respiration potentials. In: Robertson, G. P., Bledsoe, C. S., Coleman, D. C., Sollins, P., Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research, Oxford University Press, New York. Rochefort, L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1992. Growth response to elevated CO2 in seedlings of four co-occurring birch species. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22: 1583-1587. Rodgers, V. L., Stinson, K. A., Finzi, A. C. 2008. Ready or not, garlic mustard is moving in: Alliaria petiolata as a member of Eastern North American Forests. Bioscience 58: 428-436. Rodriguez, E. 2009. Environmental clues sought from ants. Inside NAU 6: . Rollinson, C. R., Orwig, D. A. 2008. Evaluating chemical treatments of hemlock woolly adelgid in southern New England. Proceedings of Fourth Symposium on hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States. Morgantown, WV. Ross, K. 2004. Using Forest Conservation Easements Proactively to Encourage Stewardship. In: Foster, C.H.W., Hagenstein, P. R., Forest Conservation and Stewardship in Massachusetts, , U.S.A.. Ross, P. 1958. Microclimatic and vegetational studies in a cold-wet deciduous forest. Black Rock Forest Papers 24: . Rowell, T. J., Sobczak, W. V. 2008. Will stream periphyton respond to increases in light following forecasted regional hemlock mortality?. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 23: 33-40. Rowlands, W. 1939. A study of forest damage caused by the 1938 hurricane in the vicinity of Petersham, Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Russell, E. W. B. 1997. People and the Land Through Time. Linking Ecology and History. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Russell, E. W. B. 1997. Review of International Conference on Advances in Forest and Woodland History, University of Nottingham, 2-7 September 1996. Journal of Historical Geography 23: 205-208. Sack, L., Cowan, P. D., Holbrook, N. M. 2003. The major veins of mesomorphic leaves, revisited: a test of conductive overload in leaves of Acer saccharum (Aceraceae) and Quercus rubra (Fagaceae). American Journal of Botany 90: 32-39. Sack, L., Cowan, P. D., Jaikumar, N. S., Holbrook, N. M. 2003. The 'hydrology' of leaves: coordination of structure and function in temperate woody species.. Plant, Cell and Environment : 1343-1356. Sack, L., Dietrich, E. M., Streeter, C. M., Sánchez-Gómez, D., Holbrook, N. M. 2008. Leaf palmate venation and vascular redundancy confer tolerance of hydraulic disruption. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105: 1567-1572. Sack, L., Melcher, P. J., Zwieniecki, M. A., Holbrook, N. M. 2002. The hydraulic conductance of the angiosperm leaf lamina: a comparison of three methods.. Journal of Experimental Biology 53: 2177-2184. Sack, L., Streeter, C. M., Holbrook, N. M. 2004. Hydraulic analysis of water flow through leaves of sugar maple and red oak. Plant Physiology 134: 1824. Safo-Sampah, S., Torrey, J. G. 1988. Polysaccharide-hydrolyzing enzymes of Frankia (Actinomycetales). Plant and Soil 112: 89-97. Sakai, R. K., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Moore, K. E. 2001. Importance of low-frequency contributions to eddy fluxes observed over rough surfaces.. Journal of Applied Meteorology 40: 2178-2192. Saleska, S. R., Miller, C. D., Matross, D. M., Goulden, M. L., Wofsy, S. C., Rocha, H. R. da, Camargo, P. B. de, Crill, P. M., Daube, B. C., Freitas, H. C. de, Hutyra, L. R., Keller, M., Kirchhoff, V.W.H., Menton, M., Munger, J. W., Pyle, E. H., Rice, A. H., Silva, H. 2003. Carbon in Amazon forests: unexpected seasonal fluxes and disturbance-induced losses. Science 302: 1554-1557. Sanders, N. J., Dunn, R. R., Fitzpatrick, M. C., Carlton, C. E., Pogue, M. R., Parker, C. R., Simons, T. R. 2009. Diverse elevational diversity gradients in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA.. In: Körner, C., Spehn, E. , Data mining for global trends in mountain biodiversity, CRC, New York, USA. Sanders, N. J., Gotelli, N. J., Wittman, S. E., Ratchford, R. S., Ellison, A. M., Jules, E. S. 2007. Assembly rules of ground-foraging ant assemblages are contingent on disturbance, habitat and spatial scale. Journal of Biogeography 34: 1632-1641. Sasaki, N., Kim, S. 2008. Biomass carbon sinks in Japanese forests: 1966 – 2012. Forestry 82: 105-115. Sasaki, N., Knorr, W., Foster, D. R., Etoh, H., Ninomiya, H., Chay, S., Kim, S., Sun, S. 2009. Woody biomass and bioenergy potentials in Southeast Asia between 1990 and 2020. Applied Energy 86: S140-S150. Sauter, J. J., Iten, W., Zimmerman, M. H. 1973. Studies on the release of sugar into the vessels of sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Canadian Journal of Botany 51: 1-8. Savage, K. E., Davidson, E. A. 2001. Interannual variation of soil respiration in two New England forests. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15: 337-350. Savage, K. E., Davidson, E. A. 2003. A comparison of manual and automated systems for soil CO2 flux measurements: trade-offs between spatial and temporal resolution. Journal of Experimental Botany 54: 891-899. Saxon, E. C., Parris, T., Elvidge, C. D. 1997. Satellite surveillance of national CO2 emissions from fossil fuels. Development Discussion Paper No. 608 Harvard Institute for International Development: . Schellner, R. A., Newell, S. J., Solbrig, O. T. 1982. Studies on the population biology of the genus Viola. IV. Spatial pattern of ramets and seedlings in three stoloniferous species. Journal of Ecology 70: 273-290. Schmid, B., Bazzaz, F. A., Weiner, J. 1995. Size dependency of sexual reproduction and of clonal growth in two perennial plants. Canadian Journal of Botany 73: 1831-1837. Schmidt, L. 1999. Exploration of possible feedback mechanism for carbon and nitrogen cycling in a forested ecosystem in response to artificial soil warming.. Thesis, Brown University. Scholz, H. F. 1931. Physical properties of the cove soils on the Black Rock Forest. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 2 : . Scholz, H. F. 1937. Diameter outside bark as an index of bark thickness at breast height for red and chestnut oak. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 8 : . Scholz, H. F. 1937. The effect of soil texture upon the growth of red and chestnut oaks. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 11 : . Schoonmaker, P. K. 1991. Long-term vegetation dynamics in southwestern New Hampshire. Thesis, Harvard University. Schoonmaker, P. K., Foster, D. R. 1991. Some implications of paleoecology for contemporary ecology. Botanical Review 57: 204-245. Schubert, T. H. 1954. The effect of mound and pit microrelief of the growth of several plantations in the Harvard Forest. Thesis, Harvard University. Schulhof, R. 2007. Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in Public Forests: A Case Study in Managing Forest Invasion. Thesis, Harvard University. Schulman, R. S. 1974. Some Forest Service policy development problems. Thesis, Harvard University. Schulze, E.-D., Bazzaz, F. A., Nadelhoffer, K., Koike, T., Takatsuki, S 1996. Biodiversity and ecosystem function of temperate deciduous broad-leaved forests. In: Mooney, H. A., Cushman, J. H., Medina, E. A., Sala, O. E., Schulze, E.-D., Functional Roles of Biodiversity: A Global Perspective, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., New York. Schwintzer, C. R. 1979. Nitrogen fixation by Myrica gale root nodules in a Massachusetts wetland. Oecologia (Berlin) 53: 293-294. Schwintzer, C. R. 1983. Nonsymbiotic and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in a weakly minerotrophic peatland. American Journal of Botany 60: 1071-1078. Schwintzer, C. R. 1983. Primary productivity and nitrogen, carbon, and biomass distribution in a dense Myrica gale stand. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 2943-2948. Schwintzer, C. R., Berry, A. M., Disney, L. 1982. Seasonal patterns of root nodule growth, endophyte morphology, nitrogenase activity and shoot development in Myrica gale L.. Canadian Journal of Botany 60: 746-757. Schwintzer, C. R., Berry, A. M., Tjepkema, J. D. 1981. Seasonal changes in Myrica gale nodules and the Frankia sp. endophyte. In: A.H. Gibson and W.E. Newton, Current perspectives in Nitrogen Fixation, Australian Academy of Sciences, Canberra. Schwintzer, C. R., Lancelle, S. A. 1983. Effect of water-table depth on shoot growth, root growth, and nodulation of Myrica gale seedlings. Journal of Ecology 71: 489-501. Scribailo, R. W., Tomlinson, P. B. 1992. Shoot and floral development in Calla palustris (Araceae-Calloideae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 153: 1-13. Scudder, J. H. 1949. A preliminary study of the original forest and succession in central New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Sevanto, S., Holbrook, N. M., Zwieniecki, M. A., Mikkelsen, T. N., Munger, Wofsy, S. C. 2005. Diurnal pattern in water tension of tree stems begins before bud break and does not cease with leaf fall. Proceedings of The 90th Annual Meeting of The Ecological Society of America (ESA) and IX International Congress of Ecology (INTECOL).. Monteral, Canada. Sevanto, S., Hölttä, T., Riikonen, A., Nikinmaa, E., Mikkelsen, T. N., Munger, W. J., Wofsy, S. C., Vesala, T., Holbrook, N. M. 2006. Information on sugar and water circulation patterns of trees by diurnal diameter variation detection.. Proceedings of Report Series in Aerosol Science, 1st iLEAPS Science Conference, 21-26 Jan 2006.. Boulder, Colorado, USA. Shao, G., Liu, Q., Qian, H., Chen, J., Ma, J., Tan, Z. 2000. Zhan Wang (1911-2000). Taxon 49: 593-601. Sher, S. T. 1977. Crown and stem dimensions of red pine and their relation to volume increment in plantation 28-G, Tom Swamp VIII. Thesis, Harvard University. Shininger, T. L., Torrey, J. G. 1974. The roles of cytokinins in the induction of cell division and cytodifferentiation in pea root cortical tissue in vitro.. In: R.L. Bieleski, A.R. Ferguson, M.M. Cresswell, Mechanisms of Regulation of Plant Growth, The Royal Society of New Zealand, Wellington. Short, K. C., Torrey, J. G. 1972. Cytokinin Production in Relation to the Growth of Pea-root Callus Tissue. Journal of Experimental Botany 23: 1099-1105. Sierra, C. A., Harmon, M. E., Moreno, F. H., Orrego, S. A., Valle, J. I. del 2007. Spatial and Temporal Variation of Net Ecosystem Production in a Primary Tropical Forest in the Porce Region, Colombia. Global Change Biology 13: 1-16. Sierra, C. A., Valle, J. I. del, Orrego, S. A., Moreno, F. H., Harmon, M. E., Zapata, M., Colorado, G. J., Herrera, M. A., Lara, W., Restrepo, D. E., Berrouet, L. M., Loaiza, L. M., Benjumea, J. F. 2007. Total Carbon Stocks in a Tropical Forest Landscape of the Porce Region, Colombia. Forest Ecology and Management 243: 299-309. Sigler, J. M., Lee, X., Munger, J. W. 2003. Emission and long-range transport of mercury from a large-scale Canadian boreal forest fire. Environmental Science and Technology 37: 4343-4347. Silvester, W. B., Silvester, J. K., Torrey, J. G. 1988. Adaptation of nitrogenase to varying oxygen tension and the role of the vesicle in root nodules of Alnus incana ssp. rugosa. Canadian Journal of Botany 66: 1772-1779. Silvester, W. B., Whitbeck, J., Silvester, J. K., Torrey, J. G. 1988. Growth, nodule morphology, and nitrogenase activity of Myrica gale with roots grown at various oxygen levels. Canadian Journal of Botany 66: 1762-1771. Simmons, B. 2007. Preferred microenvironments for tree regeneration: pit-mound vs. non-pit-mound. Thesis, Johnson C. Smith University. Simpson, S. F., Torrey, J. G. 1977. Hormonal control of deoxyribonucleic acid and protein syntheses in pea root cortical explants. Plant Physiology 59: 4-9. Sims, D. A., Rahman, A. F., Cordova, V. D., Baldocchi, D. D., Flanagan, L. B., Goldstein, A. H., Hollinger, D. Y., Misson, L., Monson, R. K., Schmid, H. P., Wofsy, S. C., Xu, L. K. 2005. Midday values of gross CO2 flux and light use efficiency during satellite overpasses can be used to directly estimate eight-day mean flux. Agricultural And Forest Meteorology 131: 1-12, ISI:000231105000001. Sims, D. A., Rahman, A. F., Cordova, V. D., El-Masri, B. Z., Baldocchi, D. D., Flanagan, L. B., Goldstein, A. H., Hollinger, D. Y., Misson, L., Oeche, R. K. W. C., Schmid, H. P., Wofsy, S. C., Xu, L. K. 2006. On the use of MODIS EVI to assess gross primary productivity of North American ecosystems. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences 111: Art. No. G04015. Sinsabaugh, R. L., Lauber, C. L., Weintraub, M. N., Ahmed, B., Allison, S.D., Crenshaw, C., Contosta, A.R., Cusack, D., Frey, S., Gallo, M. E., Gartner, T. B., Hobbie, S. E., Holland, K., Keeler, B. L., Powers, J. S., Stursova, C., Takacs-Vesbach, C., Waldrop, M., Wallenstein, M., Zak, D. R., Zeglin, L. H. 2008. Stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity at global scale. Ecology Letters 11: 1252-1264. Sipe, T. W. 1984. The vascular flora of Petersham, Massachusetts. , . Sipe, T. W. 1990. Gap partitioning among maples (Acer) in the forests of central New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Sipe, T. W., Bazzaz, F. A. 1994. Gap partitioning among maples (Acer) in Central New England: shoot architecture and photosynthesis. Ecology 75: 2318-2332. Sipe, T. W., Bazzaz, F. A. 1994. Gap partitioning among maples (Acer) in central New England: survival and growth. Ecology 76: 1587-1602. Sipe, T. W., Bazzaz, F. A. 2001. Shoot damage effects on regeneration of maples (Acer) across an understory-gap microenvironmental gradient. Journal of Ecology 89: 761-773. Skene, D. S. 1972. The kinetics of tracheid development in Tsuga canadensis Carr. and its relation to tree vigour. Annals of Botany 36: 179-187. Small, T. W. 1997. The Goodlett-Denny mound: a glimpse at 45 years of Pennsylvania treethrow mound evolution with implications for mass wasting. Geomorphology 18: 305-313. Smith Jr., C. Earl 1948. Survey of the Petersham flora. , . Smith, H. S., Orwig, D. A. 2008. Influence of hemlock woolly adelgid and elongate hemlock scale on leaf-level physiological performance of eastern hemlock.. Proceedings of Fourth Symposium on hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States. Morgantown, WV. Smith, N. V. 2001. Historic carbon sequestration in a hemlock-hardwood stand.. Beloit Biologist 20: 54-59. Smith, E. E. 1950. Eastern hemlock and its relationship to the silvicultural policy of the Harvard Forest. Thesis, Harvard University. Smith, K. A., Robertson, G. P., Melillo, J. M. 1994. Exchange of trace gases between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere in the midlatitudes. In: Prinn, R. G., Global Atmospheric-Biospheric Chemistry, Plenum Press, New York. Smith, M. L., Martin, M. E., Ollinger, S. V., Plourde, L. C. 2003. Analysis of hyperspectral data for estimation of temperate forest canopy nitrogen concentration: comparison between an airborne (AVIRIS) and a spaceborne (HYPERION) sensor.. IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing. 41: 1332-1337. Smith, M. L., Ollinger, S. V., Martin, M. E., Aber, J. D., Goodale, C. G. 2002. Direct prediction of aboveground forest productivity by remote sensing of canopy nitrogen. Ecological Applications 12: 1286-1302. Smith, R., Smith, E. 1949. A June trip through the Harvard Forest. Bulletin of the Massachusetts Audubon Society June: 2. Sodhi, N. S. 2002. Competition in the air: birds versus aircraft. Auk 119: 587-595. Sodhi, N. S., Liow, L. H., Bazzaz, F. A. 2004. Avian extinctions from tropical and subtropical forests. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 35: 323-345. Sokolov, A. P., Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J. M., Felzer, B., Schlosser, C. A., Cronin, T. W. 2008. Consequences of considering carbon/nitrogen interactions on the feedbacks between climate and the terrestrial carbon cycle. Journal of Climate 21: 3776-2796. Solbrig, O. T. 1981. The population biology of the genus Viola. V. Life history dynamics of two New England species growing in a variable environment.. Proceedings of Evolution Today. Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Systematics and Evolutionary Biology. Vancouver, Canada. Solbrig, O. T. 1987. Adaptive characteristics of leaves with special reference to violets. In: P. Calow, Evolutionary Physiological Ecology, Cambridge University Press, . Solbrig, O. T. 1991. Savanna modelling for global change. , . Solbrig, O. T. 1992. From Genes to Ecosystems: A Research Agenda For Biodiversity. Proceedings of Report of a IUBS-SCOPE-UNESCO workshop June 27-July 1991. Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA. Song, C. 2006. Estimating tree crown size with spatial information of high resolution optical remotely sensed imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing : . Song, C. 2008. Bayesian Spectral Mixture Analysis for Urban Vegetation. In: Weng, Q., Quattrochi, D., Urban Remote Sensing, Taylor and Francis, . Song, C., Band, L. E., Tague, C. L., Stoy, P. C., Katul, G. G., Oren, R. 2008. Modeling impacts of canopy structure on energy, water and carbon fluxes through a Loblolly pine stand in Southeast USA: Uniform vs. Gappy Canopies. Global Change Biology : . Song, C., Dickinson, M. B. 2008. Extracting forest canopy structure using spatial information of Ikonos imagery: tree crown size vs. leaf area index.. Forest Ecology and Management : . Song, C., Schroeder, T. A., Cohen, W. B. 2008. Mapping temperate conifer forest successional stage distributions with multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery.. Remote Sensing of Environment : . Sorensen, R. F., Wilson, B. F. 1964. The position of eccentric stem growth and tension wood in leaning red oak trees. Harvard Forest Paper 12: 10. Sovonick-Dunford, S., Lee, D. R., Zimmerman, M. H. 1977. Direct measurement of turgor pressure in the phloem of white ash. Plant Physiology 59 (Supplement): 126. Sovonick-Dunford, S., Lee, D. R., Zimmerman, M. H. 1981. Direct and indirect measurements of phloem turgor pressure in white ash. Plant Physiology 68: 121-126. Spaeth, J. N. 1920. Growth study and normal yield tables for second growth hardwood stands in central New England. Harvard Forest Bulletin 2: 21. Spaeth, J. N. 1922. Notes on the release of white pine in the Harvard Forest, Petersham, Massachusetts. Journal of Forestry 20: 117-121. Sperry, J. S. 1982. Observations of reaction fibers in leaves of the dicotyledons. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 63: 173-185. Spicer, R., Holbrook, N. M. 2005. Within-stem oxygen concentration and sap flow in four temperate tree species: does long-lived xylem parenchyma experience hypoxia?. Plant, Cell and Environment 28: 192-201. Spurr, S. H. 1939. The influence of two Juniperus species on soil reaction. Soil Science 50: 289-294. Spurr, S. H. 1944. Effect of seed weight and seed origin on the early development of eastern white pine. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 25: 467-480. Spurr, S. H. 1944. Forestry at Harvard. , . Spurr, S. H. 1945. Armchair forestry that pays. American Forests October: 486-488. Spurr, S. H. 1945. Parallax wedge measuring devices. Photogrammetric Engineering April/May/June: 85-89. Spurr, S. H. 1947. Developments in aerial photography as related to forestry education. Proceedings of Proceedings Society of American Forests' Meeting. . Spurr, S. H. 1947. Row thinning. Proceedings of Proceedings Society of American Foresters' Meeting. . Spurr, S. H. 1949. United States experience in the use of air surveys in forest inventory. Proceedings of United Nations Scientific Conference on the Conservation and Utilization of Resources. . Spurr, S. H. 1950. Stand composition in the Harvard Forest as influenced by site and forest management. Thesis, Yale University. Spurr, S. H. 1956. Forest associations in the Harvard Forest. Ecological Monographs 26: 245-262. Spurr, S. H. 1956. Natural restocking of forests following the 1938 hurricane in central New England. Ecology 37: 443-451. Spurr, S. H. 1956. Plantation success in the Harvard Forest as related to planting site and cleaning, 1907-1947. Journal of Forestry 54: 577-579. Spurr, S. H. 1957. Local climate in the Harvard Forest. Ecology 38: 37-46. Spurr, S. H., Brown Jr., C. T. 1945. The multiscope: a simple stereoscopic plotter. Photogrammetric Engineering XI: 171-178. Spurr, S. H., Cline, A. C. 1942. Ecological forestry in central New England. Journal of Forestry 40: 418-420. Spurr, S. H., Friend., R. B. 1941. Compression wood in weeviled northern white pine. Journal of Forestry 39: 1005-1006. Stadler, B., Muller, T., Orwig, D. A. 2006. The ecology of energy and nutrient fluxes in hemlock forests invaded by the hemlock woolly adelgid. Ecology 87: 1792-1804. Stadler, B., Müller, T., Orwig, D. A., Cobb, R. C. 2005. Hemlock Wooly Adelgid in New England Forests: Canopy Impacts Transforming Ecosystem Processes and Landscapes. Ecosystems 8: 233-247. Staebler, R. M., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Czikowsky, M., Sakai, R. K. 2001. Nocturnal CO2 fluxes and understory drainage flows.. Eos. Trans. AGU 82 (47): . Stafford, R. 1992. Heterogeneity in forest structure, composition and dynamics following catastrophic wind disturbance in southwestern New Hampshire. Thesis, Harvard University. Stahr, R. L. . nvestigating underground interactions with ectomycorrhizal fungi: Comparing any differences between the invasive mustard Alliaria petiolata and the native mustard Arabis glabra.. Thesis, Hampshire College. Steel, F. R. 1911. Lumber flumes. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 1: 31-35. Stephens, E. P. 1953. Research in the Biological Aspects of Forest Production. Proceedings of The Society of American Foresters, Proceedings of the Winter Meeting, The New England Section, March 12-13, Panel on Adjustments in Forest Production. . Stephens, E. P. 1955. Research in the biological aspects of forest production. Journal of Forestry 53: 183-186. Stephens, E. P. 1955. The historical-developmental method of determining forest trends. Thesis, Harvard University. Stephens, E. P. 1956. The uprooting of trees: a forest process. Proceedings of the Soil Science Society of America 20: 113-116. Stephens, E. P., Spurr, S. H. 1947. The immediate response of red pine to thinning and pruning. Proceedings of Proceedings Society of American Foresters' Meeting. . Steudler, P. A., Bowden, R. D., Melillo, J. M., Aber, J. D. 1989. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on methane uptake in temperate forest soils. Nature 341: 314-316. Steudler, P. A., Jones, R. D., Castro, M. S., Melillo, J. M., Lewis, D. L. 1996. Microbial controls of methane oxidation in temperate forest and agricultural soils. In: Murrell, J. C., Kelly, D. P., Microbiology of Atmospheric Trace Gases: Sources, Sinks and Global Change Process, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. Steudler, P. A., Melillo, J. M., Feigl, B. J., Neill, C., Piccolo, M. C., Cerri, C. C. 1996. Consequence of forest-to-pasture conversion on CH4 fluxes in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Journal of Geophysical Research 101: 18547-18554. Stevens, T. H., Belkner, R., Dennis, D. C., Kittredge, D. B., Willis, C. 2000. Comparison of contingent valuation and conjoint analysis in ecosystem management. Ecological Economics 32: 63-74. Stillman, C. W. 1949. Economic relations of the Black Rock Forest. Black Rock Forest Papers : . Stillman, C. W. 1966. The issues in the Storm King controversy. Black Rock Forest Papers 27: . Stillman, C. W. 1966. The price of open space--the need for research. Black Rock Forest Papers 28: . Stinson, K. A. 1998. Effects of snowmelt timing on three high altitude Potentilla species: growth, reproduction, and distribution. Thesis, Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University. Stinson, K. A. 2004. Effects of snowmelt timing and neighbor density on the distribution of the high altitude plant, Potentilla diversifolia. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research 37: 379-386. Stinson, K. A. 2004. Natural selection favors rapid reproductive phenology in Potentilla pulcherrima (Rosaceae) at opposite ends of a subalpine snowmelt gradient.. American Journal of Botany 91: 531-539. Stinson, K. A., Bazzaz, F. A 2006. CO2-enrichment reduces reproductive dominance in competing stands of Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed).. Oecologia 146: 155-163. Stinson, K. A., Campbell, S. A., Powell, J. R., Wolfe, B. E., Callaway, R. M., Thelen, G. C., Hallett, S. G., Prati, D., Klironomos, J. N. 2006. Invasive Plant Suppresses the Growth of Native Tree Seedlings by Disrupting Belowground Mutualisms. Public Library of Science Biology 4: 727-731. Stinson, K. A., Kaufman, S. R, Durbin, L. M., Lowenstein, F. 2007. Impacts of Garlic Mustard Invasion on a Forest Understory Community. Northeastern Naturalist 14: 73-88. Stinson, K. A., Tran, J., Petzold, J., Bazzaz, F. A. 2006. Architectural and physiological mechanisms of reduced size inequality in CO2-enriched stands of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia). Global Change Biology 12: 1680-1689. Stone, E. L. 1975. Effects of species on nutrient cycles and soil change. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 271: 149-162. Stott, P. 1991. Harvard Forest. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 1: 99-101. Stott, P. 1997. Dynamic tropical forestry in an unstable world. Commonwealth Forestry Review 76: 207-209. Stott, P. 2002. Journal of Biogeography Special Issue: Insights from Historical Geography to Ecology and Conservation: Lessons from the New England Landscape. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1267-1590. Stout, B. B. 1952. Species distribution and soils in the Harvard Forest. Harvard Forest Bulletin 24: 29. Stout, B. B. 1957. Studies of the root systems of deciduous trees. Black Rock Forest Bulletin : . Stout, B. B. 1959. Supplemental irrigation of 75-year-old hardwoods. Black Rock Forest Papers 25: . Stout, B. B. 1981. Forests in the Here and Now, A Collection of Writings of Hugh Miller Raup, Bullard Professor of Forestry, Emeritus, Harvard University. Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, School of Forestry, University of Montana. Stransky, J. J. 1953. A reconnaissance survey of the distribution of native spruces in the Harvard Forest and the surrounding 9 quadrangles. Thesis, Harvard University. Strauss-Debenedetti, S., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Photosynthetic characteristics of tropical trees along successional gradients. In: Mulkey, S. S., Chazdon R. L., Smith, A. P., Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology, Chapman & Hall, New York. Sudderth, E. A., Stinson, K. A., Bazzaz, F. A. 2005. Host-Specific aphid population response to elevated CO2 and increased nitrogen availability. Global Change Biology 11: 1-12. Sullivan, K. A., Ellison, A. M. 2006. The seed bank of hemlock forests: implications for forest regeneration following hemlock decline. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 3: 393-402. Sulzman, E., Brant, J., Bowden, R. D., Lajtha, K. 2005. Contribution of aboveground litter, belowground litter, and rhizosphere respiration to total soil CO2 efflux in an old growth coniferous forest. Biogeochemistry 73: 231-256. Swain, L. C. 1938. The effect of frost on the establishment of white ash in plantations. Thesis, Harvard University. Swan, J. M. A. 1970. An examination of some ordination problems by use of simulated vegetation data. Ecology 51: 89-102. Swan, J. M. A., Dix, R .L., Wehrhahn, C. F. 1969. An ordination technique based on the best possible stand-defined axes and it application to vegetational analysis. Ecology 50: 206-212. Swan, J. M. A., Gill, A. M. 1970. The origins, spread, and consolidation of a floating bog in Harvard Pond, Petersham, Massachusetts. Ecology 51: 829-840. Syono, K., Newcomb, W., Torrey, J. G. 1976. Cytokinin Production in Relation to the Development of Pea Root Nodules. Canadian Journal of Botany 54: 2155-2162. Syono, K., Torrey, J. G. 1976. Identification of Cytokinins of Root Nodules of the Garden Pea, Pisum sativum L.. Plant Physiology 57: 602-606. Tarbox, E. E. 1924. Quality and growth of white pine, as influenced by density, site and associated species. Harvard Forest Bulletin 7: 30. Taverna, K., Urban, D. L., McDonald, R. I. 2005. Modeling landscape vegetation pattern in response to historic land-use: a hypothesis-driven approach for the North Carolina Piedmont, USA.. Landscape Ecology : 46. Terry, E. I. 1913. The art of pacing. Harvard Forestry Club Bulletin 2: 34-37. Terry, E. I. 1920. The regeneration of white pine following four cutting regimes in central New England. Thesis, Harvard University. Thomas, P. A. 2006. Mortality over 16 years of cacti in a burnt desert grassland. Plant Ecology 183: 9-17. Thomas, P. A., Packham, J. R. 2007. Ecology of Woodlands and Forests, Description, Dynamics and Diversity. Cambridge University Press, New York, N.Y.. Thomas, S. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Effects of elevated CO2 on leaf shapes: are dandelions getting toothier?. American Journal of Botany 83: 106-111. Thomas, S. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. Asymptotic height as a predictor of photosynthetic characteristics in Malaysian Rain Forest trees. Ecology 80: 1607-1622. Thomas, S. C., Jasienski, M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. Early vs asymptotic growth responses of herbaceous plants to elevated CO2. Ecology 80: 1552-1567. Tian, H., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., McGuire, A. D., Helfrich, J. 1999. The sensitivity of terrestrial carbon storage to historical climate variability and atmospheric CO2 in the United States. Tellus 51B: 414-452. Tian, H., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., McGuire, A. D., Helfrich, J., Moore, B. III, Vörösmarty, C. J. 1998. Effect of interannual climate variability on carbon storage in Amazonian ecosystems. Nature 396: 664-447. Tingley, M. W., Orwig, D. A., Field, R., Motzkin, G. 2002. Avian response to removal of a forest dominant: consequences of hemlock woolly adelgid infestations. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1505-1516. Tjepkema, J. 1978. The role of oxygen diffusion from the shoots and nodule roots in nitrogen fixation by root nodules of Myrica gale. Canadian Journal of Botany 56: 1365-1371. Tjepkema, J. 1979. Oxygen Relations in Leguminous and Actinorhizal Nodules. In: Gordon, J. C. Wheeler C. T. Perry D. A. eds., Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in the Management of Temperate Forests, , . Tjepkema, J. D. 1979. Nitrogen fixation in forests of central Massachusetts. Canadian Journal of Botany 57: 11-16. Tjepkema, J. D. 1983. Oxygen concentration within the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of Myrica gale L.. American Journal of Botany 70: 59-63. Tjepkema, J. D., Ormerod, W., Torrey, J. G. 1981. Factors affecting vesicle formation and acetylene reduction (nitrogenase activity) in Frankia sp. CpI1. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 27: 815-823. Tjepkema, J. D., Winship, L. J. 1980. Energy requirement for nitrogen fixation in actinorhizal and legume root nodules. Science 209: 279-281. Tomlin, C. D. 1983. Digital cartographic modeling techniques in environmental planning. Thesis, Yale University. Tomlin, C. D. 1985. A map algebra. Proceedings of Selected Proceedings of the Harvard Computer Graphics Conference, Harvard Graduate School of Design. . Tomlin, C. D. 1986. MAP on a micro. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Landscape/Land Use Planning Committee of the American Society of Landscape Architects.. . Tomlin, C. D. 1990. Geographic Information Systems and Cartographic Modeling. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey. Tomlin, C. D. 1991. Cartographic modeling. In: Goodchild, M., Maguire, D., Rhind, R., Geographic Information Systems: Principles and Applications, Longman Group, Ltd, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom. Tomlin, C. D., J.K. Berry, S.M. Tomlin. 1981. Fundamental overlay mapping techniques. In: , In-Place Resource Inventories: Principles and Practices, Society of American Foresters, . Tomlin, C. D., J.K. Berry. 1979. A mathematical structure for cartographic modeling in environmental analysis. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping and the American Society of Photogrammetry. . Tomlin, C. D., J.K. Berry. 1980. An academic approach to cartographic modeling in the management of natural resources. In: , Urban, Regional, and State Government Applications of Computer Mapping, , . Tomlin, C. D., Johnston, K. 1988. Land use allocation with a geographic information system. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping and the American Society of Photogrammetry. . Tomlin, C. D., Johnston, K. 1988. ORPHEUS: an integration. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping and the American Society of Photogrammetry. . Tomlin, C. D., Johnston, K. M. 1990. The ORPHEUS Land Use Allocation Model. Geo-Information-Systems 3: 10-13. Tomlin, C. D., Lakey, J. S. 1987. Two cartographic distance weight interpolation algorithms. Proceedings of Proceedings of the First Latin American Conference on Computers in Geography. . Tomlin, C. D., S.H. Berwick, S.M. Tomlin. 1983. Cartographic analysis of deer habitat utilization. In: , Computer Graphics and Environmental Planning, Prentice-Hall, . Tomlin, C. D., Tomlin, S. M. 1981. An overlay mapping language. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Landscape Architects. . Tomlin, C. D., Tomlin, S. M. 1982. Computer-assisted spatial allocation of timber harvesting activity. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Auto-Carto Conference, American Congress on Surveying and Mapping. . Tomlin, S. M. 1981. Timber harvest scheduling and spatial allocation. Thesis, Harvard University. Tomlinson, P. B. 1966. Anatomical Data in the Classification of Commelinaceae. Journal of the Linn. Society 59: 371-395. Tomlinson, P. B. 1973. The monocotyledons: their evolution and comparative biology. VIII. Branching in monocotyledons. The Quarterly Review of Biology 48: 458-466. Tomlinson, P. B. 1974. Breeding mechanisms in trees native to tropical Florida - a morphological assessment. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 55: 269-290. Tomlinson, P. B. 1974. Development of the Stomatal Complex as a Taxonomic Character in the Monocotyledons. Taxon 23: 109-128. Tomlinson, P. B. 1974. Vegetative Morphology and Meristem Dependence--The Foundation of Productivity in Seagrasses. Aquaculture 4: 107-130. Tomlinson, P. B. 1977. Plant morphology and anatomy in the tropics - the need for integrated approaches. Annales of the Missouri Botanical Garden 64: : 685-693. Tomlinson, P. B. 1978. Branching and differentiation in tropical trees. In: P.B. Tomlinson and M.H. Zimmermann, Tropical Trees as Living Systems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Tomlinson, P. B. 1978. Some qualitative and quantitative aspects of New Zealand divaricating shrubs. New Zealand Journal of Botany 16: 299-309. Tomlinson, P. B. 1979. Juvenilite des plantes ligneuses en Nouvelle-Zelandre. Les Formes Juveniles des Spermaphytes. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 126, Actual bot. No.3 : 151-154. Tomlinson, P. B. 1979. Juvenilite et neotenie chez les monocotyledones. Les Formes Juveniles des Spermaphytes. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 126, Actual bot. No.3 : 227-232. Tomlinson, P. B. 1979. Systematics and Ecology of the Palmae. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 10: 85-107. Tomlinson, P. B. 1980. Monocotyledonous habit in relation to morphology and anatomy. In: C. Brickell, D. Cutler, M. Gregory, Petaloid Monocotyledons. Linnean Society Symposium Series No. 8, , . Tomlinson, P. B. 1980. The Biology of Trees Native to Tropical Florida. , . Tomlinson, P. B. 1982. Chance and design in the construction of plants. In: Rolf Sattler, Axioms and Principles of Plant Construction, Martinus Nijhoff/ Dr. W. Junk, The Hague/Boston, London. Tomlinson, P. B. 1983. Structural Elements of the Rain Forest. In: Golley, F. B. ed., Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystems, A. Structure and Function - Chapter 2, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Netherlands. Tomlinson, P. B. 1983. Tree Architecture. American Scientist 71: 141-149. Tomlinson, P. B. 1984. Homology in Modular Organisms--Concepts and Consequences Introduction. Systematic Botany 9: 373-408. Tomlinson, P. B. 1987. Architecture of Tropical Plants. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 18: 1-21. Tomlinson, P. B. 1987. Branching is a process, not a concept. Taxon 36: 54-57. Tomlinson, P. B. 1987. With Energy and Success. Fairchild Tropical Garden Bulletin : 6-12. Tomlinson, P. B. 1995. Non-homology of vascular organisation in monocotyledons and dicotyledons. In: Rudall, P. J., Cribb, P. J., Cutler, D. F., Humphries, C. J., Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution, , . Tomlinson, P. B. 1995. The leaf base in palms: structural and functional aspects. Giornale Botanico Italiano 129: 466-479. Tomlinson, P. B. 2000. Structural Features of Saccate Pollen Types in Relation to Their Functions. In: Harley, M. M., Morton, C. M., Blackmore, S. , Pollen and Spores: Morphology and Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Tomlinson, P. B. 2006. Stem anatomy of climbing palms in relation to long distance water transport. Aliso 22: 263-275. Tomlinson, P. B. 2006. The uniqueness of palms.. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 151: 5-14. Tomlinson, P. B., Ayensu, E. S. 1968. Morphology and Anatomy of Croomia Pauciflora (Stemonaceae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 49: 260-275. Tomlinson, P. B., Braggins, J. E., Rattenbury, J. A. 1991. Pollination drop in relation to cone morphology in Podocarpaceae: a novel reproductive mechanism. American Journal of Botany 78: 1289-1303. Tomlinson, P. B., Bunt, J. S., Primack, R. B., Duke, N. C. 1978. Lumnitzera rosea (Combretaceae) -- Its Status and Floral Morphology. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 59: 342-351. Tomlinson, P. B., Cox, P. A. 2000. Systematic and Functional Anatomy of Seedings in Mangrove Rhizophoraceae: Vivipary Explained?. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 134: 215-231. Tomlinson, P. B., Esler, A. E. 1973. Establishment Growth in Woody Monocotyledons Native to New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 11: 627-644. Tomlinson, P. B., Fisher, J. B. 1971. Morphological Studies in Cordyline (Agavaceae) I. Introduction and General Morphology. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 52: 459-478. Tomlinson, P. B., Fisher, J. B. 2000. Stem Vasculature in Climbing Monocotyledons: A Comparative Approach. In: Wilson, K. L., Morrison, D. A., Monocots: Systematics and Evolution, CSIRO, Melbourne. Tomlinson, P. B., Fisher, J. B. 2005. Development of non-lignified fibers in leaves of Gnetum gnemon (Gnetales). American Journal of Botany 92: 383-389. Tomlinson, P. B., Fisher, J. B., Hallé, F., Villalobos, R. 2005. Development of woody branch attachments in Schefflera (Araliaceae or Apiaceae). American Journal of Botany 92: 1765-1773. Tomlinson, P. B., Gill, A. M. 1973. Growth habits of tropical trees: Some guiding principles. In: Meggers, B. J. Ayensu E. S. Duckworth W. D. eds., Tropical Forest Ecosystems in Africa and South America: a comparative review, , . Tomlinson, P. B., Longman, K. A. 1981. Growth phenology of tropical trees in relation to cambial activity. In: Age and Growth Rate of Tropical Trees.. Yale Forestry Bulletin No. 94 : 7-19. Tomlinson, P. B., Murch, S. J. 2009. Wollemia Nobilis. American Journal of Botany 96: 1787-1797. Tomlinson, P. B., Posluszny, U. 1977. Features of Dichotomizing Apices in Flagellaria Indica (Monocotyledones). American Journal of Botany 64: 1057-1065. Tomlinson, P. B., Posluszny, U. 1978. Aspects of floral morphology and development in the seagrass Syringodium filiforme (Cymodoceaceae).. Botanical Gazette 139: 333-345. Tomlinson, P. B., Posluzny, U. 2001. Generic Limits in the Seagrass Family Zosteraceae. Taxon 50: 429-437. Tomlinson, P. B., Primack, R. B., Bunt, J. S. 1979. Preliminary observations on floral biology in mangrove Rhizophoraceae. Biotropica 11: 256-277. Tomlinson, P. B., Raven, P. H. 1977. Perspectives in Tropical Botany: Introduction. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 64: 657-658. Tomlinson, P. B., Spangler, R. 2002. Developmental Features of the Discontinuous Stem Vascular System in the Rattan Palm Calamus (Arecaceae-Calamoideae-Calamineae). American Journal of Botany 89: 1128-1141. Tomlinson, P. B., Vargo, G. A. 1966. On the Morphology and Anatomy of Turtle Grass, Thalassia testudinum (Hydrocharitaceae). I. Vegetative Morphology. Bulletin of Marine Science 16: 748-761. Tomlinson, P. B., Womersley, J. S. 1976. A Species of Rhizophora New to New Guinea and Queensland, with Notes Relevant to the Genus. Contributions from Herbarium Australiense 19: 1-10. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmerman, M. H. 1966. Anatomy of the Palm Rhapis Excelsa, III. Juvenile phase. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 47: 301-312. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmerman, M. H. 1966. Anatomy of the palm Rhapis excelsa. II. Rhizome. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 47: 248-261. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmerman, M. H. 1968. Anatomy of the Palm Rhapis Excelsa, V. Inflorescence and VI. Root and Branch Insertion. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 49: 291-306; 307-316. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmerman, M. H. 1969. Vascular anatomy of monocotyledons with secondary growth--An introduction. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 52: 159-179. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmerman, M. H. 1977. Tropical Trees as Living Systems. Proceedings of Proceedings of the 4th Cabot Symposium at the Harvard Forest. Cambridge, England. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmermann, M. H. 1966. Vascular Bundles In Palm Stems - Their Bibliographic Evolution. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 110: 174-181. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmermann, M. H. 1967. The "Wood" of Monocotyledons. Bulletin of the International Association of Wood Anatomists (Zurich) 2: 4-24. Tomlinson, P. B., Zimmermann, M. H., Simpson, P. G. 1970. Dichotomous and pseudodichotomous branching of monocotyledonous trees. Phytomorphology 20: 36-39. Torrey, J. G. 1950. The induction of lateral roots by indoleacetic acid and root decapitation. American Journal of Botany 37: 257-264. Torrey, J. G. 1951. Cambial formation in isolated pea roots following decapitation. American Journal of Botany 38: 596-604. Torrey, J. G. 1952. Effects of light on elongation and branching in pea roots. Plant Physiology 27: 591-602. Torrey, J. G. 1953. The effect of certain metabolic inhibitors on vascular tissue differentiation in isolated pea roots. American Journal of Botany 40: 525-533. Torrey, J. G. 1954. The role of vitamins and micronutrient elements in the nutrient of the apical meristem of pea roots. Plant Physiology 29: 279-287. Torrey, J. G. 1955. On the determination of vascular patterns during tissue differentiation in excised pea roots. American Journal of Botany 42: 183-198. Torrey, J. G. 1956. Chemical factors limiting lateral root formation in isolated pea roots. Physiologia Plantarum 9: 370-388. Torrey, J. G. 1956. Physiology of root elongation. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 7: 237-266. Torrey, J. G. 1957. Auxin control of vascular pattern formation in regenerating pea root meristems grown in vitro. American Journal of Botany 44: 859-870. Torrey, J. G. 1957. Cell division in isolated single plant cells in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 43: 887-891. Torrey, J. G. 1958. Endogenous bud and root formation by isolated roots of convolvulus grown in vitro. Plant Physiology 33: 258-263. Torrey, J. G. 1959. A chemical inhibitor of auxin-induced lateral root initiation in roots of Pisum. Physiologia Plantarum 12: 873-887. Torrey, J. G. 1959. Experimental modification of development in the root. In: D. Rudnick. (17th Symposium Soc. for Study of Development and Growth), Cell, Organism and Milieu, Ronald Press, . Torrey, J. G. 1961. Kinetin as trigger for mitosis in mature endomitotic plant cells. Experimental Cell Research 23: 281-299. Torrey, J. G. 1961. The Initiation of Lateral Roots. In: , IN: Recent Advances in Botany, University of Toronto Press, Canada. Torrey, J. G. 1962. Auxin and purine interactions in lateral root initiation in isolated pea root segments. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 177-185. Torrey, J. G. 1963. Cellular Patterns in Developing Roots. Proceedings of Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, No. XVII, Cell Differentiation. Great Britain. Torrey, J. G. 1963. Root Growth and Development. The American Biology Teacher 25: 94-95. Torrey, J. G. 1965. Cytological evidence of cell selection by plant tissue culture media. In: P.R. White and A.R. Grove (eds.), International Conference on Plant Tissue Culture, McCutchan Publishing Corp, Berkeley. Torrey, J. G. 1965. Physiological bases of organization and development in the root. Handbuch d. Pflanzenphysiologie XV/1: 1256-1327. Torrey, J. G. 1966. The initiation of organized development in plants. In: , Advances in Morphogenesis, Academic Press, NY. Torrey, J. G. 1967. Morphogenesis in relation to chromosomal constitution in long-term plant tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 20: 265-275. Torrey, J. G. 1968. Control Mechanisms in Developmental Processes. Proceedings of a Symposium, La Jolla, CA, June 1967 (Review of book edited by Michael Locke). Science 162: 1377-1378. Torrey, J. G. 1968. Hormonal control of cytodifferentiation in agar and cell suspension cultures. In: F. Wightman and Setterfield, Biochemistry and Physiology of Plant Growth Substances, The Runge Press Ltd, Ottawa. Torrey, J. G. 1968. New plants from old plant parts. Fairchild Tropical Garden Bulletin 23: 7-12. Torrey, J. G. 1969. Growth and Organization in Plants: Structure, Development, Metabolism, Physiology (Review of book by F.C. Steward). Quarterly Review of Biology 44: 313-314. Torrey, J. G. 1969. Morphogenesis in Plants. A Contemporary Study. (Review of a book by C. W. Wardlaw). Economic Botany 23: 194. Torrey, J. G. 1971. Cytodifferentiation in plant cell and tissue culture. Colloques Internationaux C.N.R.S. 193: 177-186. Torrey, J. G. 1971. Review: Growth and Development of Trees, Vol. 1: Seed Germination, Ontogeny, and Shoot Growth by T.T. Kozlowski. American Scientist 59: 764. Torrey, J. G. 1972. On the initiation of organization in the root apex. In: M.W. Miller & C.C. Kuehnert, The Dynamics of Meristem Cell Populations, Plenum Press, NY. Torrey, J. G. 1973. Hormonal regulation of plant growth and morphogenesis. Science 181: 1075-1076. Torrey, J. G. 1973. Plant Embryos. In: , Tissue Culture, Methods and Applications, Academic Press, New York. Torrey, J. G. 1975. Tracheary element formation from single isolated cells in culture. Physiol. Plant. 35: 158-165. Torrey, J. G. 1976. Cytodifferentiation in Cultured Cells and Tissues. Proceedings of Symposia "Cell Culture Tissue Culture". Louisiana State University. Torrey, J. G. 1976. Initiation and development of root nodules of Casuarina (Casuarinaceae). American Journal of Botany 63: 335-344. Torrey, J. G. 1976. Root hormones and plant growth. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 27: 435-459. Torrey, J. G. 1978. In vitro methods in the study of symbiosis. In: T.A. Thorpe, Frontiers of Plant Tissue Culture, Univ. of Calgary, . Torrey, J. G. 1978. Nitrogen fixation by actinomycete-nodulated angiosperms. Bioscience 28: 586-592. Torrey, J. G. 1983. Root development and root nodulation in Casuarina. In: S.J. Midgley, J. Turnbull and R. D. Johnston, Casuarina Ecology, Management and Utilization, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia. Torrey, J. G. 1985. The development of plant biotechnology. American Scientist 73: 354-363. Torrey, J. G. 1985. The site of nitrogenase in Frankia in free-living culture and in symbiosis. In: H.J. Evans, P. J. Bottomley and W. E. Newton, Nitrogen Fixation Research Progress, Martinus Nijhoff Publ., . Torrey, J. G. 1986. Endogenous and exogenous influences on the regulation of lateral root formation. In: M.B. Jackson, H. Nijhoff, New Root Formation in Plants and Cuttings, , Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Torrey, J. G. 1987. Endophyte sporulation in root nodules of actinorhizal plants. Physiol. Plantarum 70: 279-288. Torrey, J. G. 1988. Biotechnology applied to the improvement of underground systems of woody plants. In: Hanover, J. W. , Keathley, D. E. , Genetics Manipulation of Woody Plants, , . Torrey, J. G. 1988. Cellular interactions between host and endosymbiont in dinitrogen-fixing root nodules of woody plants. In: Scannerini, S., Smith, D. W., Bonfante-Fasolo, P., Gianinazzi-Pearson, V., Cell to Cell Signals in Plant, Animal and Microbial Symbiosis, , . Torrey, J. G. 1990. Cross-inoculation groups within Frankia and host-endosymbiont associations. In: Schwintzer, C., Tjepkema, J., The Biology of Frankia and Actinorhizal Plants, Academic Press, Inc., NY. Torrey, J. G. 1993. Can plant productivity by increased by inoculation of tree roots with soil microorganisms?. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22: 1815-1823. Torrey, J. G. 1994. History of the Maria Moors Cabot Foundation for Botanical Research 1937-1987. Harvard University, . Torrey, J. G., Baker, D. D., Callaham, D., Del Tredici, P., Newcomb, W., Peterson, R. L., Tjepkema, J. D. 1980. On the nature of the endophyte causing root nodulation in Comptonia. In: W.E. Newton, W.H. Orme-Johnson, Nitrogen Fixation Vol. II. Symbiotic Associations and Cyanobacter, University Press, Baltimore. Torrey, J. G., Barrios, S. 1969. Cytological studies on rhizobial nodule initiation in Pisum. Caryologia 22: 47-62. Torrey, J. G., Berg, R. H. 1988. Some morphological features for generic characterization among the Casuarinaceae. American Journal of Botany 75: 864-874. Torrey, J. G., Callaham, D. 1978. Determinate development of nodule roots in actinomycete-induced root nodules of Myrica gale. Canadian Journal of Botany 56: 1357-1364. Torrey, J. G., Callaham, D. 1979. Early nodule development in Myrica gale. Botanical Gazette 140(Suppl.): S10-S14. Torrey, J. G., Callaham, D. 1982. Structural features of the vesicle of Frankia sp. CpI1 in culture. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 28: 749-757. Torrey, J. G., Clarkson, D. T. 1975. The Development and Function of Roots. Academic Press, London. Torrey, J. G., Feldman, L. J. 1977. The Organization and Function of the Root Apex. American Scientist 65: 334-344. Torrey, J. G., Fosket, D. E. 1970. Cell division in relation to cytodifferentiation in cultured pea root segments. American Journal of Botany 57: 1072-1080. Torrey, J. G., Fosket, D. E., Hepler, P. K. 1971. Xylem formation: a paradigm of cytodifferentiation in higher plants. American Scientist 59: 338-352. Torrey, J. G., Galun, E. 1970. Apolar embryos of fucus resulting from osmotic and chemical treatment. American Journal of Botany 57: 111-119. Torrey, J. G., Landgren, C. R. 1977. Mitosis and cell division in cultures of higher plant protoplasts and cells. In: Sutcliffe, J. F., La Culture des tissus et des cellules des vegetaux., Academic Press, London. Torrey, J. G., Loomis, R. S. 1967. Auxin-Cytokinin Control of Secondary Vascular Tissue Formation in Isolated Roots of Raphanus. American Journal of Botany 54: 1098-1106. Torrey, J. G., Loomis, R. S. 1968. Ontogenetic studies of vascular cambium formation in excised roots of Raphanus sativus L.. Phytomorphology 17: . Torrey, J. G., Phillips, D. A. 1974. Hormonal interactions between root and shoot: the root as a site of hormone synthesis. Proceedings of II International Symposium Potsdam, Ecology and Physiology of Root Growth.. Berlin, GDR.. Torrey, J. G., Racette, S. 1989. Specificity among the Casuarinaceae in root nodulation by Frankia. Plant and Soil 118: 157-164. Torrey, J. G., Reinert, J. 1961. Suspension cultures of higher plant cells in synthetic media. Plant Physiology 36: 483-491. Torrey, J. G., Reinert, J., Merkel, N. 1962. Mitosis in suspension cultures of higher plant cells in a synthetic medium. American Journal of Botany 49: 420-425. Torrey, J. G., Shigemura, Y. 1957. Growth and controlled morphogenesis in pea root callus tissue grown in liquid media. American Journal of Botany 44: 334-344. Torrey, J. G., Thimann, K. V. 1949. Application of herbicides to cut stumps of a woody tropical weed. The Botanical Gazette 111: 184-192. Torrey, J. G., Thimann, K. V. 1972. On the beginnings of modern studies of plant morphogenesis: A tribute to Ralph H. Wetmore's contributions. Botanical Gazette 133: 199-206. Torrey, J. G., Tjepkema, J. D. 1978. Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Actinomycete-nodulated Plants. Torrey, J. G., Tjepkema, J. D. 1979. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in actinomycete-nodulated plants. Botanical Gazette 140: i-ii (Preface). Torrey, J. G., Tjepkema, J. D. 1983. Introduction, International Conference on the Biology of Frankia, August 4-6, 1982, Madison, Wisconsin. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 2765-2767. Torrey, J. G., Tjepkema, J. D., Turner, G. L., Bergersen, F. J., Gibson, A. H. 1981. Dinitrogen fixation by cultures of Frankia sp CpI1 demonstrated by 15N2 incorporation. Plant Physiology 68: 983-984. Torrey, J. G., Wallace, W. D. 1975. Further studies on primary vascular tissue pattern formation in roots. In: Torrey, J. G., Clarkson, D. T., The Development and Function of Roots, Academic Press, London. Torrey, J. G., Winship, L. J. 1989. Applications of Continuous and Steady-State Methods to Root Biology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Traw, M. B., Lindroth, R. L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1996. Decline in gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) performance in an elevated CO2 atmosphere depends upon host plant species. Oecologia 108: 113-120. Troedsson, T., Lyford, W. H. 1973. Biological disturbance and small scale spatial variations in a forested soil near Garpenberg, Sweden. Studia Forestalia Suecica 109: 1-23. Trow, G. W. W. 1984. Annals of discourse: the Harvard Black Rock Forest. The New Yorker 60: 44-99. Trumbore, S. E., Chadwick, O. A., Amundson, R. 1996. Rapid exchange between soil carbon and atmospheric carbon dioxide driven by temperature change. Science 272: 393-396. Trumbull, M. 2005. The forest in flux: essays on past ecological events in central New England. Thesis, Hampshire College. Tryon, H. H. 1930. The Black Rock Forest. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 1 : . Tryon, H. H. 1932. A study of several coniferous underplantings in the upper Hudson highlands. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 3 : . Tryon, H. H. 1933. A portable charcoal kiln. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 4 : . Tryon, H. H. 1938. Hardwood brush disposal in the Hudson Highlands. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 12 : . Tryon, H. H. 1939. A high-duty woodsaw. Black Rock Forest Papers 15 : . Tryon, H. H. 1939. Progress Report: 1928-1938. Black Rock Bulletin No. 10 : . Tryon, H. H. 1943. Practical forestry in the Hudson highlands. Black Rock Forest Bulletin No. 12: . Tryon, H. H. 1945. The management of young volunteer hardwood stands. Black Rock Forest Bulletin : . Tryon, H. H., Finn, R. F. 1935. A chestnut oak volume table for the Hudson highland region. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 3 : . Tryon, H. H., Finn, R. F. 1937. Cordwood volume tables for red oak and red maple in the Hudson highlands. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 7 : . Tryon, H. H., Finn, R. F. 1937. Notes on the terminal growth of coniferous plantations in the Hudson Highlands. Black Rock Forest Paper No. 9 : . Tryon, H. H., Finn, R. F. 1942. Improvement cuttings in mixed hardwoods. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 20 : . Tryon, H. H., Finn, R. F. 1942. Tests of chemical control of hardwood sprouts. Black Rock Forest Papers No. 18 : . Tryon, H. H., Finn, R. F. 1947. On obtaining natural hardwood regeneration. Black Rock Forest Papers : . Tryon, H. H., Finn, R. F. 1949. Twenty-year progress report. Black Rock Forest Bulletin : . Turberville, H. W. 1936. Winter habits of the ruffed grouse in Petersham. Thesis, Harvard University. Turner, B. L., Foster, D. R., Geoghegan, J. 2003. Three Frontiers of the Southern Yucatán Peninsular Region and SYPR Project. In: Turner, B. L., Geoghegan, J., Foster, D. R., Integrated Land Change Science and Tropical Deforestation in Southern Yucatán: Final Frontiers, Oxford University Press., New York. Turner, B. L., Geoghegan, J., Foster, D. R. 2003. Integrated Land Change Science and Tropical Deforestation in Southern Yucatán: Final Frontiers. Oxford University Press, New York. Turner, B. L., Villar, S. C., Foster, D. R., Geoghegan, J., Keys, E., Klepeis, P., Lawrence, D., Mendoza, P. M., Manson, S., Ogneva-Himmelberger, Y., Barker Plotkin, A., Salicrup, D. P., Chowdhury, R. R., Savitsky, B., Schneider, L., Schmook, B., Vance, C. 2001. Deforestation in the southern Yucatan peninsular region: an integrative approach. Forest Ecology and Management 154: 353-370. Turner, D. P., Ollinger, S. V., Kimball, J. S. 2004. Integrating Remote Sensing and Ecosystem Process Models for Landscape to Regional Scale Analysis of the Carbon Cycle. BioScience 54: 573-584. Turner, D. P., Ollinger, S. V., Smith, M. L., Krankina, O., Gregory, M. 2004. Scaling net primary production to a MODIS footprint in support of earth observing system product validation. International Journal of Remote Sensing 25: 1961-1980. Turner, D. P., Ritts, W. D., Zhao, M. S., Kurc, S. A., Dunn, A. L., Wofsy, S. C., Small, E. E., Running, S. W. 2006. Assessing interannual variation in MODIS-based estimates of gross primary production. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 44: 1899-1907, part 1. Tyree, M. T., Zimmerman, M. H. 1971. The theory and practice of measuring transport coefficients and sap flow in the xylem of red maple stems (Acer rubrum). Journal of Experimental Botany 22: 1-18. Tyree, M. T., Zimmerman, M. H. 1975. On the Simultaneous Movement of THO, 14C-Sucrose, and 32PO4 in the Sieve-Tubes of Willow.. In: , Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. New Series, Volume 1. Transport in Plants I. Phloem Transport. Appendix II, , . Tzean, S. S., Torrey, J. G. 1989. Spore Germination and the Life Cycle of Frankia In Vitro. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35: 801-806. Urban, D. L., McDonald, R. I., Minor, E. S., Treml, E. A. 2006. Causes and consequences of land use change in the North Carolina Piedmont. In: Wu, J., Jones, B., Li, H., Loucks, O. L., Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecological Studies, Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.. Urbanski, S. P., Barford, C. C., Wofsy, S. C., Kucharik, C. J., Pyle, E. H., Budney, J., McKain, K., Fitzjarrald, D. R., Czikowsky, M. J., Munger, J. W. 2007. Factors Controlling CO2 Exchange on time scales from hourly to decadal at Harvard Forest. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences 112: . VEMAP Members 1995. Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP): Comparing biogeography and biogeochemistry models in a continental-scale study of terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate change and CO2 doubling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9: 407-437. Vandegrift, E. V., Harmon, M. E., Chen, J. 2007. Fungal diversity within decomposing woody conifer roots in Oregon. Northwest Science 81: 125-137. VandenBosch, K. A., Torrey, J. G. 1983. Host-endophyte interactions in effective and ineffective nodules induced by the endophyte of Myrica gale. Canadian Journal of Botany 61: 2898-2909. VandenBosch, K. A., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Consequences of sporangial development for nodule function in root nodules of Comptonia peregrina and Myrica gale. Plant Physiology 76: 556-560. VandenBosch, K. A., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Development of endophytic Frankia sporangia in field- and laboratory-grown nodules of Comptonia peregrina and Myrica gale. American Journal of Botany 72: 99-108. Vazquez-Yanes, C., Orozco-Segovia, A. 1998. Physiological ecology of Mediterranean seeds: links with ex situ conservation of plants. Ecological Studies 136: 262-272. Venterea, R. T., Groffman, P. M., Verchot, L. V., Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D. 2004. Gross nitrogen process rates in temperate forest soils exhibiting symptoms of nitrogen saturation. Forest Ecology and Management 196: 129-142. Venterea, R. T., Groffman, P. M., Verchot, L. V., Magill, A. H., Aber, J. D., Steudler, P. A. 2003. Nitrogen oxide gas emissions from temperate forest soils receiving long-term nitogen inputs.. Global Change Biology 9: 346-357. Verheyen, K., Honnay, O, Motzkin, G., Hermy, M., Foster, D. R. 2003. Response of forest plant species to land-use change: a life-history trait-based approach. Journal of Ecology 91: 563-577. Vieira, S., Barbosa de Camargo, P., Selhorst, D., Silva, R. da, Hutyra, L. R., Chambers, J. Q., Brown, I. F., Higuchi, N., Santos, J. dos, Wofsy, S. C., Trumbore, S. E., Martinelli, L. A. 2004. Forest structure and carbon dynamics in Amazonian tropical rain forests. Oecologia 140: 468-479. Vitkay, K. 2000. Ferns, palms, and forest succession in abandoned agricultural fields in the southern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Journal of Tropical Ecology (notes) : . Vitkay, K., Pérez-Salicrup, D. 2000. Effect of Sabal mexicana palms on Pteridium aquilinum invaded fields in the Southern Yucatan, Mexico. Proceedings of Joint Meeting Society of Study of Evolution, American Society of Naturalists, Society of Systematic Biologists and Association of Tropical Biology. Bloomington, Indiana. Vitousek, P. M., Aber, J. D., Bayley, S. E., Howarth, R. W., Likens, G. E., Matson, P. A., Schindler, D. W., Schlessinger, W. H., Tilman, G. D. 1997. Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: causes and consequences. Ecological Issues 1: 1-15. Vitousek, P. M., Gosz, J. R., Grier, C.C., Melillo, J. M., Reiners, W. A. 1982. A comparative analysis of potential nitrification and nitrate mobility in forest ecosystems. Ecological Monographs 52: 155-177. Vitousek, P. M., Gosz, J. R., Grier, C.C., Melillo, J. M., Reiners, W. A., Todd, R. L. 1979. Nitrate losses from disturbed ecosystems. Science 204: 469-474. Von Holle, B. 2005. Biotic resistance to invader establishment of a southern Appalachian plant community is determined by environmental conditions. Journal of Ecology 93: 16-26. Von Holle, B., Joseph, K. A., Lohnes, R. G., Largay, E. F. 2006. Facilitations between the introduced nitrogen-fixing tree, Robinia pseudoacacia, and nonnative plant species in the glacial outwash upland ecosystem of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Biodiversity and Conservation 15: 2197-2215. Von Holle, B., Motzkin, G. 2007. Historical land use and environmental determinants of nonnative plant distribution in coastal southern New England. Biological Conservation 136: 33-43. Von Holle, B., Simberloff, D. 2004. Testing Fox’s assembly rule: Does plant invasion depend upon recipient community structure?. Oikos 105: 551-563. Von Holle, B., Simberloff, D. 2007. Ecological Resistance to Biologial Invasion Overwhelmed by Invasion Pressure. Ecology 86: 3213-3218. Voss, P., Bazzaz, F.A. 1994. Improved gas sampling system for plant research. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 75: 125. Wakefield, A. E., Gotelli, N. J., Wittman, S. E., Ellison, A. M. 2005. Prey Addition alters Nutrient Stoichiometry of the Carnivorous Plant Sarracenia Purpurea. Ecology 86: 1737-1743. Walker, B. H. 1974. Some problems arising from the preliminary manipulation of plant ecological data for subsequent numerical analysis. Journal of South African Botany 40: 1-13. Walker, B. H. 1975. Vegetation-site characteristics in the Harvard Forest. Vegetatio 29: 169-178. Walker, L. W., Voltzow, J., Ackerman, J. D., Fernandez, D. S., Fetcher, N. 1992. Immediate impact of Hurricane Hugo on a Puerto Rican rain forest. Ecology 73: 691-694. Walton, K. 2006. Radial growth responses of host and non-host trees to hemlock woolly adelgid infestation in Connecticut. Thesis, SUNY ESF. Walton, G. S. 1964. A study to develop a computer program for forest management simulation. Thesis, Harvard University. Waring, R. H., Law, B. E., Goulden, M. L., Bassow, S. L., McCreight, R. W., Wofsy, S. C., Bazzaz, F. A. 1995. Scaling tower estimates of photosynthesis to constrained quantum-use. Efficiency model and remote sensing. Plant, Cell and Environment 18: 1201-1213. Watterson , N. A., Jones, J. A. 2006. Flood and debris flow interactions with roads promote exotic plant invasion in steep mountain streams, western Oregon. Geomorphology 78: 107. Wayne, P. M. 1992. Effects of the daily time course of light availability on the sun-shade responses and regeneration of birch seedlings. Thesis, Harvard University. Wayne, P. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1991. Assessing diversity in plant communities: The importance of within-species variations. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 6: 400-404. Wayne, P. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Birch seedling responses to daily time courses of light in experimental forest gaps and shadehouses. Ecology 74: 1500-1515. Wayne, P. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Morning vs afternoon sun patches in experimental forest gaps: consequences of temporal incongruency of resources to birch regeneration. Oecologia 94: 235-243. Wayne, P. M., Bazzaz, F. A. 1997. Light acquisition and growth by competing individuals in CO2-enriched atmospheres: consequences for size structure in regenerating birch stands. Journal of Ecology 85: 29-42. Wayne, P. M., Carnelli, A. L., Connolly, J., Bazzaz, F. A. 1999. The density dependence of plant responses to elevated CO2. Journal of Ecology 87: 183-192. Wayne, P. M., Reekie, E. G., Bazzaz, F. A. 1998. Elevated CO2 ameliorates birch response to high temperature and frost stress: implications for modelling climate-induced geographic range shifts. Oecologia 114: 335-342. Wayne, P., Foster, B. S., Connolly, J., Bazzaz, F. A., Epstein, P. 2002. Production of allergenic pollen by ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is increased in CO2-enriched atmospheres. Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology 88: 279-282. Weiner, J. 1996. Problems in Predicting the Ecological Effects of Elevated CO. In: Korner, C., Bazzaz, F. A., Carbon Dioxide, Populations, and Communities, Academic Press, . Weiner, J., Martinez, S., Muller-Scharer, H., Stoll, P., Schmid, B. 1997. How important are environmental maternal effects in plants? A study with Centaurea maculosa. Journal of Ecology 85: 133-142. Weiner, J., Wright, D. B. , Castro, S. 1997. Symmetry of below-ground competition between Kochia scoparia individuals. IOKOS 79: 85-91. Weishampel, J. F., Drake, J. B, Cooper, A., Blair, J. B., Hofton, M. 2007. Forest canopy recovery from the 1938 hurricane and subsequent salvage damage measured with airborne LiDAR. Remote Sensing of Environment 109: 142-153. Weiskittel, A. 2000. Stand response to hemlock woolly adelgid infestation in Connecticut.. Proceedings of Ohio Academy of Science Proceedings. . Wender, N. J., Polisetty, C. R., Donohue, K. 2005. Density-dependent processes influencing the evolutionary dynamics of dispersal: A functional analysis of seed dispersal in Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae). American Journal of Botany 92: 88-98. Werden, L. 2007. Increases in nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency are linked to long-term carbon uptake at Harvard Forest. Thesis, Boston University. Wessman, C. A., Aber, J. D., Peterson, D. L. 1989. An evaluation of imaging spectrometry for estimating forest canopy chemistry. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 10: 1293-1316. Wessman, C. A., Aber, J. D., Peterson, D. L., Melillo, J. M. 1988. Foliar analysis using near infrared spectroscopy. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18: 6-11. Wessman, C. A., Aber, J. D., Peterson, D. L., Melillo, J. M. 1988. Remote sensing of canopy chemistry and nitrogen cycling in temperate forest ecosystems. Nature 335: 154-156. Whigham, D. F. 2004. Ecology of Woodland Herbs in Temperate Deciduous Forests. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 35: 538-621. White, J. 1974. Dynamics of forest tree populations. Bulletin of the Canadian Botanical Association 7: 10-11. White, J. 1979. Demographic factors in populations of plants. In: O.T. Solbrig, Demography and Dynamics of Plant Populations, Blackwells, Oxford, . White, J. 1985. The thinning rule and its application to mixtures of plant populations. In: James White (ed.)., Studies on Plant Demography: A Festschrift for John L. Harper., Academic Press, London. White, P. S., Harrod, J. C., Romme, W. H., Betancourt, J. 1999. Disturbance and temporal dynamics. In: Sexton, W. T., Szar, R. C., Johnson, N. C., Malk, A. J., , , . Whitney, G. G. 1987. An Ecological History of the Great Lakes Forest of Michigan. Journal of Ecology 75: 667-684. Whitney, G. G. 1989. Harvard Forest Bibliography 1907-1989. Harvard Forest, Peterham, MA. Whitney, G. G. 1990. The history and status of the hemlock-hardwood forests of the Allegheny Plateau. Journal of Ecology 78: 443-458. Whitney, G. G. 1991. Relation of plant species to substrate, landscape position, and aspect in north central Massachusetts. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21: 1245-1252. Whitney, G. G. 1993. From Coastal Wilderness to Fruited Plain: An Ecological History of Northeastern United States. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Whitney, G. G., Foster, D. R. 1988. Overstorey composition and age as determinants of the understorey flora of central New England's woods. Journal of Ecology 76: 867-876. Willacker, J. J. 2006. A comparison of the macroinvertebrate communities in two headwater streams in advance of an invasive forest pest.. Thesis, State University of New York. Willacker, J. J., Sobczak, W. V., Colburn, E. A. 2009. Stream macroinvertebrate communities in paired hemlock and deciduous watersheds. Northeastern Naturalist : . Willhite, R. G. 1973. New England attitudes and perceptions towards some aspects of forest management: the results of a questionnaire. Thesis, Harvard University. Williams, C. G. 2009. Conifer Reproductive Biology. Springer, . Williams, C. G., Zhou, Y., Hall, S. E. 2001. A Chromosomal Region Promoting Outcrossing in a Conifer. Genetics 159: 1283-1289. Williams, M., Rastetter, E. B., Fernandes, D. N., Goulden, M. L., Wofsy, S. C., Shaver, G. R., Melillo, J. M., Munger, J. W., Fan, S.-M., Nadelhoffer, K. J. 1996. Modeling the soil-plant atmosphere continuum in a Quercus-Acer stand at Harvard Forest: the regulation of stomatal conductance by light nitrogen and soil/plant hydraulic properties. Plant, Cell and Environment 19: 911-927. Wilson*, K. 2002. Lasting impacts of a catastrophic wind event: the 1938 Hurricane and thirty-two years of changing stand dynamics Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA.. Thesis, Middlebury College. Wilson, B. F. 1957. A study of shake in eastern hemlock. Thesis, Harvard University. Wilson, B. F. 1962. A survey of the incidence of ring shake in eastern Hemlock. Harvard Forest Paper 5: 11. Wilson, B. F. 1964. Structure and growth of wood roots of Acer rubrum L.. Harvard Forest Paper 11: 14. Wilson, B. F. 1966. Development of the shoot system of Acer rubrum L.. Harvard Forest Paper 14: 21. Wilson, B. F. 1967. Root growth around barriers. Botanical Gazette 128: 79-82. Wilson, B. F. 1968. Effect of girdling on cambial activity in white pine. Canadian Journal of Botany 46: 141-146. Wilson, B. F. 1968. Red maple stump sprouts: development the first year. Harvard Forest Paper 18: 10. Wilson, B. F., Hibbs, D. E., Fisher, B. C. 1979. Seed dormancy in striped maple. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 9: 263-266. Wilson, B. F., Howard, R. A. 1968. A computer model for cambial activity. Forest Science 14: 77-90. Wilson, P. 1995. Selection for pollination success and the mechanical fit of Impatiens flowers around bumblebee bodies. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society 55: 355-383. Wilson, P., Buonopane, M., Allison, T. A. 1996. Reproductive biology of the monoecious clonal shrub. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 123: 7-15. Wilson, P., Stine, M. 1996. Floral constancy in bumble bees: handling efficiency or perceptual conditioning?. Oecologia 106: 493-499. Wofsy, S. C. 2001. Where has all the carbon gone?. Science 292: 2261-2263. Wofsy, S. C. 2004. The Harvard Forest and understanding the global carbon budget. In: Foster, D. R., Aber, J. D., Forests in Time: The Environmental Consequences of 1000 Years of Change in New England, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. Wofsy, S. C., Goulden, M. L., Munger, J. W., Fan, S. M., Bakwin, P. S., Daube, B. C., Bassow, S. L., Bazzaz, F. A. 1993. Net exchange of CO2 in a mid-latitude forest. Science 260: 1314-1317. Wolfe, B. E., Rodgers, V. L., Stinson, K. A., Pringle, A. 2008. The invasive plant Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) inhibits ectomycorrhizal fungi in its introduced range. Journal of Ecology 96: 777-783. Woodcock, D. W., Shier, A. D. 2002. Wood specific gravity and its radial variations: the many ways to make a tree. Trees 16: 437-443. Woolsey Jr., T. S. 1912. The Harvard Forest. American Forests : pp. 244-252. Wright, J. W. 1939. A study of branching in white ash with particular reference to the habit of branching. Thesis, Harvard University. Wright, J. W. 1944. Genotypic variation in white ash. Journal of Forestry 42: 489-495. Wright, J. W. 1945. Influence of size and portion of cone on seed weight in eastern white pine. Journal of Forestry 43: 817-819. Xiao, J., Zhuang, Q., Baldocchi, D. D., Law, B. E., Richardson, A. D., Chen, J., Oren, R., Starr, G., Noormets, A., Mac, S., Verma, S. B., Wharton, S., Wofsy, S. C., Bolstad, P. V., Burns, S. P., Cook, D. R., Curtis, P. S., Drak, B. G., Falk, M., Fischer, M. L., Foster, D. R., Gu, L. D., Hadley, J. L., Hollinger, D. Y., Katul, G. G., Litvak, M., Martin, T. A., Matamala, R., McNulty, S., Meyers, T. P., Monson, R. K., Munger, J. W., Oechel, W. C., Paw Uk, K. T., Schmid, H. P., Scott, R. L., Sun, G., Suyker, A. E., Torn, M. S. 2008. Estimation of net ecosystem carbon exchange for the conterminous United States by combining MODIS and AmeriFlux data. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 148: 1827-1847. Xiao, X., Kicklighter, D. W., Melillo, J. M., McGuire, A. D., Stone, P. H., Sokolov, A. P. 1997. Linking a global terrestrial biogeochemical model and a 2-dimensional climate model: implications for the carbon budget. Tellus 49B: 18-37. Xiao, X., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., McGuire, A. D., Prinn, R. G., Wang, C., Stone, P. H., Sokolov, A. P. 1998. Transient climate change and net ecosystem production of the terrestrial biosphere. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12: 345-360. Xiao, X., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., McGuire, A. D., Tian, H., Pan, Y., Vörösmarty, C. J., Yang, Z. 1997. Transient climate change and potential croplands of the world in the 21st Century. MIT Joint Program on Science and Policy of Global Change Report #18: 28pp. Xiao, X., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., Pan, Y., McGuire, A. D., Helfrich, J. 1998. Net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems in China and its equilibrium responses to changes in climate and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Acta Phytoecologia Sinica 22: 97-118. Xiao, X., Zhang, Q., Saleska, S., Hutyra, L. R., De Camargo, P., Wofsy, S. C., Frolking, S. E., Boles, S., Keller, M., Moore III, B. 2005. Satellite-based modeling of gross primary production in a seasonally moist tropical evergreen forest. Remote Sensing of the Environment 94: 105-122. Yanes, C. V., Orozco, A., Rojas, M., Sánchez, J. E., Cervantes, V. 1997. La Reproducción de las Plantas: Semillas y Meristemos. Secretaria de Educación Pública Fondo de Cultura Econòmica consejo Nacional de Ciencia Y Technoloical : 167pp. Yano, Y., McDowell, W. H., Aber, J. D. 2000. Biodegradable dissolved organic carbon in forest soil solution and effects of chronic nitrogen deposition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 1743-1751. Yi, C., Li, A., Bakwin, P. S., Desai, A., Ricciuto, D. M., Burns, S. P., Turnipseed, A. A., Wofsy, S. C., Munger, W., Wilson, K. B., Monson, R. K. 2004. A Nonparametic Method for Separating Photosynthesis and Respiration Components in CO2 Flux Measurements. Geophysical Research Letters 31: doi:10.1029/2004GL020490. Yorks, T. E., Jenkins, J. C., Leopold, D. J., Raynal, D. J., Orwig, D. A. 2000. Influences of eastern hemlock mortality on nutrient cycling. Proceedings of Sustainable Management of Hemlock Ecosystems in Eastern North America Symposium Proceedings. . Yu, S. C., R. Mathur, D. W. Kang, K. Schere, B. Eder, J. Pleirn 2006. Performance and diagnostic evaluation of ozone predictions by the meta-community multiscale air quality forecast system during the 2002 New England Air Quality Study. J. Air & Waste Management Association 56: 1459-1471. Zamski, E., Zimmerman, M. H. 1979. Sieve-tube longevity in white ash (Fraxinus americana) studied with a new histochemical test for the identification of sugar. Canadian Journal of Botany 57: 650-656. Zebryk, T. M. 1991. Holocene development of a forested wetland in central Massachusetts. Thesis, Harvard University. Zeide, B. 1978. Standardization of growth curves. Journal of Forestry 76: 289-292. Zhang , Y., Song, C. 2006. Impacts of afforestation, reforestation and deforestation on China's Forest Cover from 1949 to 2003.. Journal of Forestry 104: 383-387. Zhang, Z., Lopez, M. F., Torrey, J. G. 1984. A comparison of cultural characteristics and infectivity of Frankia isolates from root nodules of Casuarina species. Plant and Soil 78: 79-90. Zhang, Z., Murry, M. A., Torrey, J. G. 1986. Culture conditions influencing growth and nitrogen fixation in Frankia sp. HFPCcI3 isolated from Casuarina. Plant and Soil 91: 3-15. Zhang, Z., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Biological and cultural characteristics of the effective Frankia strain HFPCcI3 (Actinomycetales) from Casuarina cunninghamiana (Casuarinaceae). Annals of Botany 56: 367-378. Zhang, Z., Torrey, J. G. 1985. Studies of an effective strain of Frankia from Allocasuarina lehmanniana of the Casuarinaceae. Plant and Soil 87: 1-16. Zimmermann, M. H. 1955. Microextraction for paper chromatography. Science 122: 766. Zimmermann, M. H. 1957. Translocation of Organic Substances in the Phloem of Trees. Proceedings of The Physiology of Forest Trees. Harvard Forest. Zimmermann, M. H. 1957. Translocation of organic substances in trees. I. The nature of the sugars in the sieve tube exudate of trees. Plant Physiology 32: 288-291. Zimmermann, M. H. 1957. Translocation of organic substances in trees. II. On the translocation mechanism in the phloem of white ash. Plant Physiology 32: 399-404. Zimmermann, M. H. 1958. Translocation of organic substances in trees. III. The removal of sugars from the seive tubes in the white ash (Fraxinus americanaL.).. Plant Physiology 33: 213-217. Zimmermann, M. H. 1959. Phloem Translocation in Trees. Bulletin of the International Association of Wood Anatomists 1: . Zimmermann, M. H. 1960. Absorption and translocation: transport in the phloem. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 11: 167-190. Zimmermann, M. H. 1960. Longitudinal and tangential movement within the sieve-tube system of white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Beiheft zu den Zeitschr. des Schweiz. Forstv. 30: 289-300. Zimmermann, M. H. 1961. Movement of organic substances in trees. Science 133: 73-79. Zimmermann, M. H. 1961. The removal of substances from the phloem. In: , Recent Advances in Botany. Long-Distance Translocation in Living Tissues, , . Zimmermann, M. H. 1961. Translocation. In: P. Gray, Encyclopedia of the Biological Sciences, Reinhold Press, NY. Zimmermann, M. H. 1962. Translocation of organic substances in trees. V. Experimental double interruption of phloem in white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Plant Physiology 37: 527-530. Zimmermann, M. H. 1963. How sap moves in trees. Scientific American 208: 133-142. Zimmermann, M. H. 1964. Effect of low temperature on ascent of sap in trees. Plant Physiology 39: 568-572. Zimmermann, M. H. 1964. Sap movements in trees. Biorheology 2: 15-27. Zimmermann, M. H. 1964. The relation of transport to growth in dicotyledonous trees. In: M.H. Zimmermann, ed., The Formation of Wood in Forest Trees, Academic Press, NY. Zimmermann, M. H. 1964. Tree Physiology: New Challenges in Old Fields. Sylva 45: 10-12. Zimmermann, M. H. 1965. Publications of the Maria Moors Cabot Foundation for Botanical Research. : 13 pp.. Zimmermann, M. H. 1965. Sap movements in trees. Proceedings of Proceedings of the 4th International Congress on Rheology. New York. Zimmermann, M. H. 1965. Water movement in stems of tall plants. In: , The State and Movement of Water in Living Organisms. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, Cambridge University Press, . Zimmermann, M. H. 1966. Translocation of water and nutrients in palms. Principes-Journal of the Palm Society 10: 105-114. Zimmermann, M. H. 1967. Translocation of sugars and amino acids in relation to flowering in trees. Proceedings of Proceedings of the 4th International Congress on Rheology. Munich. Zimmermann, M. H. 1968. Book Review: A. Fahn's "Plant Anatomy". Bulletin of the International Association of Wood Anatomists 2: . Zimmermann, M. H. 1968. Physiological aspects of wood anatomy. Bulletin of the International Association of Wood Anatomists 2: 11-14. Zimmermann, M. H. 1969. Translocation velocity and specific mass transfer in the sieve tubes of Fraxinus americana L.. Planta (Berl.) 84: 272-278. Zimmermann, M. H. 1971. Dicotyledonous Wood Structure (Made Apparent by Sequential Sections). In: , Encyclopaedia Cinematographica, , . Zimmermann, M. H. 1971. Trees at work. Bulletin of the Fairchild Tropical Garden 26: 7-11. Zimmermann, M. H. 1972. TREE. In: , World Book Encyclopedia, Field Enterprises Educational Corp, Chicago. Zimmermann, M. H. 1973. The monocotyledons: their evolution and comparative biology. IV. Transport problems in arborescent monocotyledons. The Quarterly Review of Biology 48: 314-321. Zimmermann, M. H. 1973. Transport studies with arborescent monocotyledons. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Research Institute of Pomology, , Transactions of the 3rd Symposium on Accumulation and Translocation of Nutrients and Regulators in Plant Organisms. Sklerniewice, Poland. Zimmermann, M. H. 1974. Long distance transport. Plant Physiology 54: 472-479. Zimmermann, M. H. 1974. Plant internal transport. In: , Encyclopaedia Britannica, , . Zimmermann, M. H. 1976. The study of vascular patterns in higher plants. In: I.F. Wardlaw and J.B. Passioura, Transport and Transfer Processes in Plants, Academic Press, New York. Zimmermann, M. H. 1977. The Harvard Forest. In: , Usefulness of an Experimental Forest for Research and Teaching. Symposium at Montmorency Forest, Faculty of Forestry and Geodesy, Laval University, Quebec, Canada. Zimmermann, M. H. 1978. Hydraulic architecture of some diffuse-porous trees. Canadian Journal of Botany 56: 2286-2295. Zimmermann, M. H. 1978. Structural Requirements for Optimal Water Conduction in Tree Stems. In: P. B. Tomlinson, M. H. Zimmermann, Tropical Trees as Living Systems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Zimmermann, M. H. 1978. Vessel ends and the disruption of water flow in plants (Letter to the Editor). Phytopathology 68: 253-255. Zimmermann, M. H. 1979. Mycoplasma diseases and long-distance transport in plants. Proceedings of Proceedings of R.O.C.-U.S. Cooperative Science Seminar on Mycoplasma Diseases of Plants. Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.. Zimmermann, M. H. 1979. The discovery of tylose formation by a Viennese lady in 1845. IAWA Bulletin 2/3: 51-56. Zimmermann, M. H. 1982. Functional xylem anatomy of angiosperm trees. In: Baas, P.-ed., New Perspectives in Wood Anatomy, , . Zimmermann, M. H. 1982. Piping Water to the Treetops. Natural History 91: 6,10-13. Zimmermann, M. H. 1982. The vascular pattern in the stem of the Palm Rhapis excelsa. I. The mature stem. Biologie 15: 3-11. Zimmermann, M. H. 1983. The role of embolism in major shade-tree diseases. Proceedings of Proceedings of the Tree Warden. Arborists and Utilities Conference. . Zimmermann, M. H. 1983. Xylem structure and the ascent of sap. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Tokyo, New York. Zimmermann, M. H., Brown, C. L. 1971. Trees: Structure and Function. Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin, . Zimmermann, M. H., Jeje, A. A. 1981. Vessel-Length Distribution in Stems of Some American Woody Plants. Canadian Journal of Botany 59: 1882-1892. Zimmermann, M. H., Lamb, I. 1966. Marine vegetation of West Antarica. Documenta Geigy Nautilus : 6-7. Zimmermann, M. H., M. Mattmuller. 1982. The vascular pattern in the stem of the Palm Rhapis excelsa. II. The growing tip. Publikationen Zu Wissenschaftlichen Filmen. Sektion: Biologie, Serie 15, No. 23 : . Zimmermann, M. H., McCue, K. F., Sperry, J. S. 1982. Anatomy of the Palm Rhapis Excelsa, VIII. Vessel Network and Vessel-Length Distribution in the Stem. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 63: 83-95. Zimmermann, M. H., McDonough, J. 1978. Dysfunction in the Flow of Food. In: Horsfall, J. G. and E. B. Cowling eds., Plant Disease; An Advanced Treatise, Academic Press, NY. Zimmermann, M. H., Milburn, J. A. 1975. Transport in Plants. I. Phloem Transport. In: Zimmermann, M. H., J.A. Milburn, Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, Springer-Verlag, New York. Zimmermann, M. H., Milburn, J. A. 1982. Transport and Storage of Water. In: Lange, O. L., Nobel, P. S., Osmond, C. B., Ziegler, H., In: Physiological Plant Ecology II, Water Relations and Carbon Assimilation. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg,, . Zimmermann, M. H., P.B. Tomlinson. 1969. The vascular system in the axis of Dracaena fragrans (Agavaceae), 1. Distribution and development of primary strands. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 50: 370-383. Zimmermann, M. H., P.B. Tomlinson. 1970. The Vascular System in the Axis of Dracaena fragrans (Agavaceae). 2. Distribution and Development of Secondary Vascular Tissue. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 51: 478-491. Zimmermann, M. H., Potter, D. 1982. Vessel-Length Distribution in Branches, Stem and Roots of Acer rubrum L.. IAWA Bulletin 3: 103-109. Zimmermann, M. H., Sperry, J. S. 1983. Anatomy of the Palm Rhapis excelsa, IX. Xylem structure of the leaf insertion. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 64: 599-609. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1965. Anatomy of the Palm Rhapis Excelsa, I. Mature Vegetative Axis. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 46: 160-178. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1965. Unravelling the palm stem. Principes 9: 88-93. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1966. Analysis of complex vascular systems in plants: Optical shuttle method. Science 452: 72-73. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1967. A Method for the Analysis of the Course of Vessels in Wood. International Association of Wood Anatomists Bulletin 1: 2-6. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1967. Anatomy of the Palm Rhapis Excelsa, IV. Vascular Development in Apex of Vegetative Aerial Axis and Rhizome. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 48: 122-142. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1967. L'observation polyplanetique par enregistrement photographique de series de coupes alignees. Demonstration photographique de structures vasculaires. Microskopion 12: . Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1968. Vascular construction and development in the aerial stem of prionium (Juncaceae). American Journal of Botany 55: 1100-1109. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1972. The Vascular System of Monocotyledonous Stems. Botanical Gazette 133: 141-155. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B. 1974. Vascular Patterns in Palm Stems: Variations of the Rhapis Principle. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 55: 402-424. Zimmermann, M. H., Tomlinson, P. B., LeClaire, J. 1974. Vascular Construction and Development in the Stems of Certain Panadanaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 68: 21-41 pp.. Zimmermann, M. H., Wardrop, A. B., Tomlinson, P. B. 1968. Tension Wood in Aerial Roots of Ficus benjamina L.. Wood Science and Technology 2: 95-104. Zimmermann, M. H., Ziegler, H. 1975. Lists of sugars and sugar alcohols in sieve-tube exudates. In: Zimmermann, M. H., Milburn, J. A., Transport in Plants. I. Phloem Transport. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, N.S., Springer-Verlag, New York, . Zobel, R., Del Tredici, P., Torrey, J. G. 1976. A method of growing plants aeroponically. Plant Physiology 57: 344-346. Zwieniecki, M. A., Holbrook, N. M. 1998. Diurnal variation in xylem hydraulic conductivity in white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.). Plant, Cell and Environment 21: 1173-1180. Zwieniecki, M. A., Hutrya, L., Thompson, M. V., Holbrook, N. M. 2000. Dynamic changes in petiole specific conductivity in red maple (Acer rubrum L.), tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and northern fox grape (Vitis labrusca L.). Plant and Cell Environment 23: 407-414. Zwieniecki, M. A., Melcher, P. J., Holbrook, N. M. 2001. Hydraulic properties of individual xylem vessels of Fraxinus americana. Journal of Experimental Botany 52: 257-264. Zwieniecki, M. A., Melcher, P. J., Holbrook, N. M. 2001. Hydrogel control of xylem hydraulic resistance.. Science 291: 1059-1062.
Home \| Research \| Information Resources \| Publications \| Professional & Education Opportunities \| Staff & Contacts \| Site Map & Search @2008 The President and Fellows of Harvard College Faculty of Arts and Sciences of Harvard University Questions and comments e-mail – hfweb@fas.harvard.edu

Harvard Forest Bibliography

By Author