Harvard LTER Schoolyard Program

Suggested Reading

Phenology

Penuelas, J. and I. Filella. 2001. Responses to a warming world. Science 294: 793-794.

Menzel, A. and P. Fabian. 1999. Growing season extended in Europe. Nature 397: 659.

Richardson, A. D., A. S. Bailey, E. G. Denny, C. W. Martin, and J. O'Keefe. 2006. Phenology of a northern hardwood forest canopy. Global Change Biology 12: 1174-1188.

Sparks T.H. and P.D. Carey. 1995. The response of species to climate over two centuries: an analysis of the Marsham phenological record, 1736-1947. Journal of Ecology 83: 321-329.

USA National Phenological Network website at University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.

Hemlock Woolly Adelgid

Orwig, D.A. and D.R. Foster. 1998. Forest response to the introduced hemlock woolly adelgid in southern New England, USA. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 125:59-72.

Orwig, D.A. 2002. Ecosystem to regional impacts of introduced pests and pathogens- historical context, questions, and issues. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1471-1474.

Orwig, D.A., D.R. Foster, and D.L. Mausel. 2002. Landscape Patterns of Hemlock Decline in New England Due to the Introduced Hemlock Woolly Adelgid. Journal of Biogeography 29: 1475-1487.

Orwig, D.A., R.C. Cobb, A.W. D'Amato, M.L. Kizlinski, and D.R. Foster. 2008. Multi-year ecosystem response to hemlock woolly adelgid infestation in southern New England forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38: 834-843.

Tingley, M.W., D.A. Orwig, G. Motzkin, D.R. Foster, and R. Field. 2002. Avian response to removal of a forest dominant: consequences of hemlock woolly adelgid infestations. J. of Biogeography 29: 1505-1516.

Kizlinski, M.L., D.A. Orwig, R.C. Cobb, and D.R. Foster. 2002. Direct and indirect ecosystem consequences of an invasive pest on forests dominated by eastern hemlock. J. of Biogeography 29: 1489-1503.

Stadler, B. T. Müller, D. Orwig, and R. Cobb. 2005. Hemlock woolly adelgid in New England forests: canopy impacts transforming ecosystem processes and landscapes. Ecosystems 8: 233-247.

Vernal Pools

Childs, Nancy and Betsy Colburn. 1995. Vernal Pool Lessons and Activities. A curriculum companion to Certified: A Citizen's Step-by-Step Guide to Protecting Vernal Pools. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, MA. 52 pp. (a wide variety of activities for K-12 teachers to use in the classroom and outside, involving biology, math, geography, humanities, and social sciences)

Colburn, Elizabeth A. 2004. Vernal Pools: Ecology and Conservation. McDonald and Woodward Publishing Company, Granville, OH. 426 pp. (comprehensive book on vernal pools of northeastern North America)

Colburn, Elizabeth A. 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996. (Editor). Certified: A Citizen's Step-by-step Guide to Protecting Vernal Pools. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, MA. 110 pp. (manual on Massachusetts' vernal pool certification program, including background information and detailed how-to instructions)

Kenney, Leo P. 1995. Wicked Big Puddles. Vernal Pool Association, Reading Memorial HS, Reading, MA 01867. (manual on vernal pool certification using obligate species)

Kenney, Leo P. (Editor). 1996. Diving Into Wicked Big Puddles. Vernal Pool Association, Reading Memorial HS, Reading, MA 01867. (curriculum guide for teachers, including slides and prepared text)

Vernal Pool Association, formerly associated with Reading (MA) Memorial High School and now an independent non-profit organization, with good links and background information. (current as of March, 2005)

California Vernal Pools, a website with excellent links to vernal pool pages across the country. (current as of January 2006)

Vernal Pools are Elementary, a 5th Grade vernal pool website, Ipswich, MA, Doyon Elementary School.

What is a vernal pool ?, a website providing information on Rhode Island vernal pools and amphibians, including good research summaries.

Streams

Meyer, J. L. et al. 2003. Where rivers are born: the scientific imperative for defending small streams and wetlands.

Ohio EPA. 2003. The importance and benefits of primary headwater streams.

Ohio EPA. 2003. Ohio EPA's primary headwater stream project: key findings.

Stoughton, C. 2003. Etowah currents: how important are our tiniest streams? The Nature Conservancy.

General

Bourne, B. Taking Inquiry Outdoors. ISBN 1-571110-302-3.

Caduto, M. and J. Bruchac. Keepers of the Earth: Native American Stories and Environmental Activities for Children.

Cornell, J. Sharing Nature With Children.

Doris, Ellen. Doing What Scientists Do. ISBN- 0-435-08309-0.

Mitchell, J. The Curious Naturalist. Mass Audubon.

Whitin P. and D. Whitin. Inquiry at the Window. ISBN-0-435-07131-9.