uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org
all
public
read
doi:10.6073/pasta/bfb70a1701ef23f686fcc73840e6ae17
Assessing Plant Phenological Patterns in the Eastern United States Over the Last 120 Years
Daniel
Park
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2783-530X
Alex
Williams
Edith
Law
Aaron
Ellison
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4151-6081
Charles
Davis
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8747-1101
2023
English
Phenology is a key biological trait of an organism’s success and is one of the best indicators of its response to recent climate change. Plants are among the most well-studied organisms in this regard, but observational data bearing on this topic are largely restricted to woody species of the northern hemisphere, mostly from ca. the last three decades. Recent research has demonstrated that mobilized online herbarium specimens provide important, albeit mostly neglected, information on plant phenology. Here, we use the web tool CrowdCurio to crowdsource phenological data from more than 10,000 herbarium specimens representing 30 flowering plant species broadly distributed across the eastern United States. Our results, spanning 120 years and generated from over 2,000 crowdsourcers, clarify numerous aspects of plant phenology. First, they reveal that plant reproductive phenology is significantly advancing in response to warming, which is consistent with previous studies. Second, among those species with broad latitudinal ranges, populations from more southern latitudes are significantly more phenologically sensitive to temperature than those from northern populations. Last, contrary to some recent findings, plants in warmer, less variable climates may be much more dynamic, on average, in their phenological sensitivity. Our results are robust to a variety of confounding factors and span large phylogenetic distances and myriad life histories. These may represent more global trends in the latitudinal gradient of phenological response with myriad potential ecological and evolutionary consequences, and leads us to hypothesize that phenological sensitivity across species' ranges is driven by adaptation to local climates.
climate change
phenology
plant species
temperature
LTER controlled vocabulary
populations
LTER core area
Harvard Forest
HFR
LTER
USA
HFR default
This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.
Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal
https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html
CC0-1.0
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf309
Eastern United States. Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.
-88
-65
+48
+25
1
1100
meter
1895
2016
genus
Anemone
species
canadensis
species
hepatica
genus
Aquilegia
species
canadensis
genus
Bidens
species
vulgata
genus
Celastrus
species
orbiculatus
genus
Centaurea
species
stoebe
genus
Cirsium
species
arvense
species
discolor
genus
Geranium
species
maculatum
species
robertianum
genus
Hemerocallis
species
fulva
genus
Hibiscus
species
moscheutos
genus
Impatiens
species
capensis
genus
Iris
species
pseudacorus
species
versicolor
genus
Lilium
species
canadense
genus
Lonicera
species
bella
species
canadensis
species
japonica
genus
Malus
species
pumila
genus
Malva
species
neglecta
genus
Oenothera
species
perennis
genus
Orobanche
species
uniflora
genus
Rosa
species
gallica
genus
Rubus
species
odoratus
genus
Sarracenia
species
purpurea
genus
Sisyrinchium
species
mucronatum
genus
Solanum
species
rostratum
genus
Trillium
species
grandiflorum
species
undulatum
complete
Information Manager
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
The web tool CrowdCurio is used to crowd source phenological data from more than 10,000 herbarium specimens representing 30 flowering plant species across the eastern United States.
Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
https://ror.org/059cpzx98
pointOfContact
The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts.
National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210.
hf309-01-crowdcurio.csv
crowdsourcing results
hf309-01-crowdcurio.csv
26247413
4e8dd06ab087e09415c34ded18f4c80f
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p30/hf309/hf309-01-crowdcurio.csv
state
state
state
NA
missing value
county
county
county
NA
missing value
user
crowdsourcer ID
crowdsourcer ID
NA
missing value
metric
climate metric
climate metric
NA
missing value
date
collection date
YYYY-MM-DD
1 day
NA
missing value
year
collection year
YYYY
1 year
NA
missing value
month
collection month
month
NA
missing value
day
collection day
day
NA
missing value
name
species binomial
species binomial
county.lon
specimen longitude
degree
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
county.lat
specimen latitude
degree
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
link
link to specimen image
link to specimen image
NA
missing value
doy
Julian day of year
nominalDay
1
natural
NA
missing value
jan
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
feb
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
mar
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
apr
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
may
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
jun
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
jul
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
aug
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
sep
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
oct
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
nov
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
dec
mean temperature of month in collection year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.jan
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.feb
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.mar
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.apr
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.may
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.jun
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.jul
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.aug
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.sep
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.oct
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.nov
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
p.dec
mean temperature of month in previous year
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
pp.dec
mean temperature of month two years previous
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
variable
climate variable
climate variable
NA
m
alt
elevation
meter
0.00001
real
NA
missing value
maxp
crowdsourcer consistency
dimensionless
0.00000001
real
NA
missing value
phenophase
phenological phase
pfl
peak flower
ffr
first fruit
pfr
peak fruit
efl
first flower
NA
missing value
annual
annual mean temperature
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
spring
spring mean temperature
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
summer
summer mean temperature
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
fall
fall mean temperature
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
winter
winter mean temperature
celsius
0.0000001
real
NA
missing value
domainid
NEON domain ID
NEON domain ID
NA
missing value
domainname
NEON domain name
NEON domain name
NA
missing value
ba.climatezone2
climate zone
climate zone
NA
missing value
47848
hf309-02-species-trait.csv
species traits
hf309-02-species-trait.csv
2995
c9e5efcdff452cf10513359f20b2c1f7
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p30/hf309/hf309-02-species-trait.csv
name
species binomial
species binomial
NA
missing value
habit
life span
life span
NA
missing value
form
growth form
growth form
NA
missing value
status
native status
native status
NA
missing value
self.compatible
self compatibility
self compatibility
NA
missing value
ref
citations for mating system
citations for mating system
NA
missing value
30
hf309-03-additional-data.zip
R code, associated data, and figures
hf309-03-additional-data.zip
3090753
2a34fa81dc1c177d3270eea21de7b1f1
zip
csv, R script, text
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p30/hf309/hf309-03-additional-data.zip
document, script
informatics
historical
regional
historical