uid=HFR,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org
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public
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doi:10.6073/pasta/a1b9f08bc955075cd43e55798ae2fbf9
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid and Elongate Hemlock Scale Surveys in Connecticut and Massachusetts 1997-2011
David
Orwig
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7822-3560
Nina
Lany
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-266X
Evan
Preisser
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-5619
2023
English
In the eastern USA, eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is the host plant for two invasive insect species - hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) and elongate hemlock scale (Fiorinia externa). We observed the density of adult hemlock woolly adelgid and elongate hemlock scale on eastern hemlock branches on five occasions over 14 years at 142 stands across a latitudinal transect encompassing 7,500 km2 in Connecticut and Massachusetts to assess whether there is a difference in the response to abiotic conditions (winter temperature, summer temperature, summer precipitation) between the two species, and whether the distribution and abundance of each insect species is dependent on biotic interactions with the co-occurring insect species.
abundance
climate
hemlock
hemlock woolly adelgid
invasive species
LTER controlled vocabulary
populations
disturbance
LTER core area
Harvard Forest
HFR
LTER
USA
HFR default
This dataset is released to the public under Creative Commons CC0 1.0 (No Rights Reserved). Please keep the dataset creators informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset should include proper acknowledgement.
Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal
https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html
CC0-1.0
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf289
Eastern Connecticut, Eastern Massachusetts. Coordinates based on WGS84 datum.
-72.75
-72.13
+42.71
+41.27
0
378
meter
1997
2011
genus
Adelges
species
tsugae
hemlock woolly adelgid
genus
Fiorinia
species
externa
elongate hemlock scale
complete
Information Manager
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
hf-im@lists.fas.harvard.edu
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
Insect Sampling
Forest stands containing at least 10% eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) cover in eastern Connecticut and Massachusetts were located via black-and-white aerial photographs, and 142 eastern hemlock stands within the study area were intensively sampled. In the initial year of sampling (1997 in Connecticut and 2002-2003 in Massachusetts), each stand was given an ordinal score for each insect species (hemlock woolly adelgid and elongate hemlock scale) representing the average infestation level of the stand based on thorough examination of trees as follows: 0 = 0 insects per meter of branch; 1 = 1-10 insects per meter; 2 = 11 – 100 insects per meter; 3 = more than 100 insects per meter. In subsequent years (2005, 2007, 2009, 2011), 50 trees were haphazardly selected in each stand for observation, and the density of each insect species on each tree was assigned to one of the above categories. Individual trees could not be marked. Fewer than 50 trees were sampled per stand in some highly-damaged stands, and stands impacted by logging or development during the study period were not sampled post-disturbance.
Climate Data
Daily temperature (maximum/minimum) and precipitation data were obtained for each stand from 1996 to 2011 from the online PRISM Gridded Climate database (PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University, http://prism.oregonstate.edu, created 26 Mar 2015) by interpolating 4km2 resolution climate data at the centroid of each eastern hemlock stand using values from surrounding grid cell centers and inverse-distance squared weighting.
Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research
Harvard Forest
324 North Main Street
Petersham
MA
01366
USA
(978) 724-3302
(978) 724-3595
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu
https://ror.org/059cpzx98
pointOfContact
The Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program examines ecological dynamics in the New England region resulting from natural disturbances, environmental change, and human impacts.
National Science Foundation LTER grants: DEB-8811764, DEB-9411975, DEB-0080592, DEB-0620443, DEB-1237491, DEB-1832210.
hf289-01-stand.csv
stand characteristics
hf289-01-stand.csv
6584
98cb10cd042407f62a601a2b57e1265a
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p28/hf289/hf289-01-stand.csv
plot
character identifying each eastern hemlock stand
character identifying each eastern hemlock stand
NA
missing value
year
year the plot was first sampled
YYYY
1 year
NA
missing value
long
longitude
degree
0.0001
real
NA
missing value
lat
latitude
degree
0.0001
real
NA
missing value
elevation
elevation in meters above sea level
meter
1
whole
NA
missing value
area
area of stand
hectare
0.0001
real
NA
missing value
142
hf289-02-stand-year.csv
data specific to each stand-year
hf289-02-stand-year.csv
36516
2317c6d849b8c5c8e80a39691d544fe2
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p28/hf289/hf289-02-stand-year.csv
plot
character identifying each eastern hemlock stand
character identifying each eastern hemlock stand
NA
missing value
year
year of sampling
YYYY
1 year
NA
missing value
sample.size
number of trees in the stand for which abundance was recorded in the year
of sampling
number
1
whole
NA
missing value
temp.min
minimum winter temperature in the preceding winter
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
tmean.winter
mean winter temperature (Dec 1 through Mar 31) in the winter preceding
sampling
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
precip
precipitation sum April 1 – Sept 30 of the sampling
year
millimeter
0.01
real
NA
missing value
temp.max
maximum temperature April 1 through Sept 31 of the sampling
year
celsius
0.1
real
NA
missing value
852
hf289-03-tree.csv
tree-level ordinal abundance data
hf289-03-tree.csv
672990
e54b221f845c1f563b3e8b2c1f709342
1
\r\n
column
,
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/data/p28/hf289/hf289-03-tree.csv
plot
character identifying each eastern hemlock stand
character identifying each eastern hemlock stand
NA
missing value
year
year of sampling
YYYY
1 year
NA
missing value
tree
tree number (individual trees were not marked, so e.g. tree #3 is the
third tree observed in a stand in a year, but tree #3 is not the same individual year after
year)
tree number (individual trees were not marked, so e.g. tree #3 is the third
tree observed in a stand in a year, but tree #3 is not the same individual year after
year)
NA
missing value
hwa
hemlock woolly adelgid density per meter of branch
0
0 insects per meter of branch
1
1-10 insects per meter
2
11 – 100 insects per meter
3
more than 100 insects per meter
NA
missing value
ehs
elongate hemlock scale density per meter of branch
0
0 insects per meter of branch
1
1-10 insects per meter
2
11 – 100 insects per meter
3
more than 100 insects per meter
NA
missing value
27050
conservation
invasive
plot
community
regional
long-term measurement
https://harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu/exist/apps/datasets/showData.html?id=hf081